Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the catalytic reduction of sulphur dioxide from a gas mixture at least containing 10 vol. % of water, in which process the gas mixture is passed over a sulphur resistant hydrogenation catalyst in sulphidic form, at a space velocity of at least 2000 h−1, in the presence of a reducing component, preferably at least partly consisting of hydrogen, in a molar ratio or reducing component to sulphur dioxide of more than 10 up to 100, at a temperature of 125° C. to 300° C., followed by passing the gas mixture, after the said reduction, through a dry oxidation bed for the oxidation of sulphur compounds, more in particular hydrogen sulphide, to elemental sulphur.

Abstract: A device for igniting fuel, comprising at least one burner, the device comprising ignition means comprising an ignition element, the ignition means further comprising a movable element which is connected to a fluid line, such that a fluid contained in the fluid line, when it flows, creates a pressure difference across the movable element, as a result of which the movable element is set in motion, the movable element being connected with the ignition element, such that the movement of the movable element generates via the ignition element and ignition temperature by means of which the fuel is caused to combust.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst; a method for making the catalyst and a method for using the catalyst to promote the selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur. The catalyst may be prepared by contacting a catalyst support, such as silica, with a solution containing ammonium metal salts, such as ammonium iron citrate and ammonium zinc citrate, and an amount of chloride (e.g., ammonium chloride) that is between about 0.1 and about 20 weight percent of the metal ions in the solution, to produce a support material impregnated with ammonium metal citrate salts and ammonium chloride. This impregnated catalyst support is then dried and calcined to produce a catalyst, such as iron and zinc oxide mixture supported on silica. It has been found that by adding chloride to the impregnated catalyst support prior to calcination and drying, that the sintering of the metal oxides can be controlled and the formation of a mixed metal oxide is promoted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for controlling the fuel-air ratio for a gas engine which is provided with one or more .lambda. (1) sensors and a three-way catalyst, as well as a control system for adjusting the fuel-air ratio by means of a control element on the basis of the signal of a first .lambda. (1) sensor, comprising stepwise adjusting the .lambda. (1) value at regulated intervals, at constant load of the engine, and measuring the corresponding activity of the catalyst, determining the corresponding measuring signals of the .lambda. (1) sensor, and determining the value of the measuring signal at which the activity of the catalyst considerably increases or decreases, followed by adjusting the value of the control signal of the .lambda. (1) sensor which is maintained as the desired control value on the basis of the latter measuring signal.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of sulfur from a hydrogen sulfide containing gas, comprising oxidizing hydrogen sulfide with oxygen, and then reacting the product gas of this oxidation further by using at least two catalytic stages. The H.sub.2 S concentration in the gas leaving the last catalytic stage is controlled to have a value ranging between 0.8 and 3% by volume by reducing the quantity of combustion or oxidation air passed to the oxidation stage and/or causing a portion of the hydrogen sulfide-containing feedstock gas to bypass the oxidation stage and to be added to the gas flowing to a catalytic stage. The gas leaving the last catalytic stage is introduced into a heat exchanger having a wall temperature below the solidification point of sulfur and above the dew point of water, wherein the sulfur deposits on the heat exchanger wall and is removed with the aid of gravity.

Abstract: A drying apparatus comprising a cylindrical drum (1) for drying, on the outside surface of the drum (1), pulp-shaped and viscous substances, such as for instance coffee milk powder, or band-shaped products, such as for instance paper, cardboard or textile, the apparatus comprising means for heating the drum (1) from the inner space of the drum (1), the means for heating the drum from the inner space of the drum (1) comprising a number of gas burners (2) juxtaposed in axial direction of the drum and controllable independently of one another. In furher elaboration of the invention, the gas burners are radiant burners.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst on support for the selective oxidation of sulfur-containing compounds to elemental sulfur, comprising at least one catalytically active material applied to a support material, this catalyst being obtainable by applying the catalytically active material to a support material which comprises at least one alkali metal promotor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the calorific value of a combustible gas including passing an amount of gas through a hydrocarbon detection device comprising interconnected first and second measuring cells, the first measuring cell including a catalyzing substance, wherein the first and second measuring cells provide a signal, the signal is integrated to determine a value, and the value is compared with calibrated values to determine the calorific value. In another embodiment, the Wobbe index of natural gas is determined further including determining the density of the gas and calculating the Wobbe index from the calorific value and density.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing elemental sulfur which is present in a gas in the form of vapor and/or entrained particles, in which process the gas to be treated is cooled. The gas to be treated is introduced into a heat exchanger at the lower end thereof and with the aid of the temperature and/or the flow velocity of the cooling medium it is ensured that the wall of the heat exchanger has a temperature below the solidification point of sulfur and above the dew point of water, if any, present in the gas. The deposited sulfur is removed under the influence of gravity countercurrent to the gas to be treated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the endothermic catalytic conversion of gaseous hydrocarbons with steam to form a gaseous mixture containing hydrogen, utilizing a reform catalyst based on nickel provided on a thermostable support, wherein at least 90% of the nickel particles (based on the number) are smaller than 10 nm and at least a part of the thermal energy required for the endothermic conversion is generated in the reaction mixture through a controlled catalytic reaction of a part of the hydrocarbon with oxygen.

Abstract: A gas-fired infrared radiator comprising a closed housing which includes a combustion chamber, with a side of the radiator that is to be directed towards an object being a radiation plate which forms a boundary of the combustion chamber, and comprising at least one burner, wherein the or each burner is a high-speed burner adapted for combustion in two combustion stages, with the second combustion stage taking place in the combustion chamber, the or each high-speed burner is arranged in such a manner that a flame formed by the or each high-speed burner is directed at the radiation plate, and gas guiding means are provided for partly recirculating flue gas which has been passed along the radiation plate, to the first or second combustion stage.