Abstract: The invention concerns a powder drying system (1) comprising a carbon monoxide (CO) gas detection system adapted for detection of CO gas from smoldering powders in a powder drying system component, such as a spray dryer chamber (200), a fluid bed (500) or a bag filter (400), which CO gas detection system comprises at least one inlet CO gas detector (3) arranged on at least one gas inlet of a powder drying system component such as to provide at least one inlet CO gas content measurement, at least one outlet CO gas detector (3) arranged on at least one gas outlet of a powder drying system component such as to provide at least one outlet CO gas content measurement, and an analyzing unit (5) adapted for receiving the at least one inlet CO gas content measurement, receiving the at least one outlet CO gas content measurement and comparing the sum of the at least one inlet CO gas content measurement and the sum of the at least one outlet CO gas content measurement while compensating for dilution, mixing, and time de

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for reducing and/or eliminating various liquid discharges from one or more emission control equipment devices (e.g., one or more wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) units). In another embodiment, the method and apparatus of the present invention is designed to reduce and/or eliminate the amount of liquid waste that is discharged from a WFGD unit by subjecting the WFGD liquid waste to one or more drying processes, one or more spray dryer (or spray dry) absorber processes, and/or one or more spray dryer (or spray dry) evaporation processes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an external mixing pressurized two-fluid nozzle for atomising a liquid by means of liquid pressure and gas, comprising an inner feed liquid pipe (1) extending axially between an upstream end and a downstream end, having a feed liquid conduit (2), a feed liquid inlet (3) positioned at the upstream end and a feed orifice (4) positioned at the downstream end, and a co-axial first gas pipe (5) extending radially outside the inner feed liquid pipe (1) and forming a first gas conduit (6) between the first gas pipe (5) and the inner feed liquid pipe (1), the first gas pipe (5) having a gas outlet slit (7) positioned at the downstream end. Said external mixing two-fluid nozzle provides a swirling motion of the gas, which combined with a pressurized feed liquid enables the production of spray dried powder at industrially applicable capacities with low energy consumption and a small particle size.

Abstract: The invention concerns a powder drying system (1) comprising a carbon monoxide (CO) gas detection system adapted for detection of CO gas from smoldering powders in a powder drying system component, such as a spray dryer chamber (200), a fluid bed (500) or a bag filter (400), which CO gas detection system comprises at least one inlet CO gas detector (3) arranged on at least one gas inlet of a powder drying system component such as to provide at least one inlet CO gas content measurement, at least one outlet CO gas detector (3) arranged on at least one gas outlet of a powder drying system component such as to provide at least one outlet CO gas content measurement, and an analyzing unit (5) adapted for receiving the at least one inlet CO gas content measurement, receiving the at least one outlet CO gas content measurement and comparing the sum of the at least one inlet CO gas content measurement and the sum of the at least one outlet CO gas content measurement while compensating for dilution, mixing, and time de

Abstract: The air disperser (4) for a spray drying apparatus has an air inlet (81) leading to a space (45) defined within an inner radius and an outer radius in which a set of guide vanes (7) is positioned. A top, a bottom and an outer circumferential wall are defined, and an air outlet (82) at the inner radius is adapted to be positioned above a feed outlet from atomizing means. Each guide vane (7) has a pre-defined length in the radial direction. At least the bottom and outer wall of said space (45) are provided by a base module (5). The top is provided by a top plate (6) and the set of guide vanes (7) is releasably secured to a fixating device (10, 11) to form a framework, and the framework is secured relative to the base module (5) in the axial direction by the top plate (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a drying system (1) comprising a drying plant (2) and a heat pump assembly (3) comprising one or more heat pumps operating with a primary fluid and being connected to at least two heat sources and at least one heat sink by means of a number of heat exchangers in a fluid network, in which a secondary fluid circulates. The heat sources may comprise dew point dehumidification in at least one heat exchanger (41) of process gas entering the drying plant; and recovery in another heat exchanger (42) of latent and/or sensible heat from exhaust gas leaving the drying plant. The heat sink may comprise pre-heating in a heat exchanger (51) of process gas used within the plant. Further, a method of integrating a heat pump assembly into a drying system is devised. By the invention, it is possible to increase the capacity of the drying plant while reducing the specific energy demand.

Abstract: In a spray drying apparatus, comprising in a usual manner a drying chamber, an air disperser, and at least one pressure nozzle arrangement (4), means are provided for emptying the feed in the nozzle arrangement(s) (4) after the supply of feed from a feed system (5) is halted and before the nozzle arrangement(s) (4) are removed from the drying chamber and positioned in a cleaning system (7). The emptying takes place while maintaining atomization in the nozzle arrangement (4). The feed emptying system (6) comprises a pump (60), a pressurized air/gas source (61) and a conduit (62), and the spray drying apparatus at least one valve (45, 53, 63, 64, 65, 66) allowing switching from the feed system (5) to the feed emptying system (6).

Abstract: The sanitary diverter valve (70) is for use in a drying system or powder conveying system including conveying lines and a purge line of a purge arrangement. The sanitary diverter valve comprises a valve housing (71) with a number of openings (72, 73, 74) configured to be connected to respective lines of the system. The valve housing (71) is substantially cylindrical and includes a first opening (72), a second opening (73) and a third opening (74). Furthermore, the diverter valve (70) comprises a rotatable diversion member (75) provided with a flow channel (76) having a first end (76a) and a second end (76b), an open space (77) being defined between the valve housing (71) and the rotatable diversion member (75).

Abstract: A cyclone (4) for separation of solids and gases comprising a predefined circumference and at least one inlet (42a), for supplying a mixed stream of powder and air/gas, a first outlet in the form of a powder outlet (43) at the bottom of the cyclone (4) for extracting powder, a vortex finder (45) at the top of the cyclone, said vortex finder (45) further comprising a wall (50) and a second outlet in the form of an air/gas outlet (44) for extracting air/gas, characterized in that said cyclone (4) comprises a secondary powder extraction system (46) including a third outlet (48a), located in or at the vortex finder (45) to extract powder particles from the mixed stream entering the vortex finder (45).

Abstract: The invention relates to a screw press apparatus (1) comprising an outer casing (2) surrounding a screening tube (6a) with a plurality of liquid discharge holes, a slurry inlet port (3) at one end of the screening tube and a solids discharge port (4) at an opposite end of the screening tube, the screening tube housing an axially located auger (5), the outer casing (2) having a first opening in fluid communication with the slurry inlet port (3), a second opening in fluid communication with the solids discharge port (4), and a third opening (8) in fluid communication with the liquid discharge holes of the screening tube (6), a cleaning device (20) located between the outer casing and the screening tube, a device (10) for axially moving the cleaning device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an external mixing pressurized two-fluid nozzle for atomising a liquid by means of liquid pressure and gas, comprising an inner feed liquid pipe (1) extending axially between an upstream end and a downstream end, having a feed liquid conduit (2), a feed liquid inlet (3) positioned at the upstream end and a feed orifice (4) positioned at the downstream end, and a co-axial first gas pipe (5) extending radially outside the inner feed liquid pipe (1) and forming a first gas conduit (6) between the first gas pipe (5) and the inner feed liquid pipe (1), the first gas pipe (5) having a gas outlet slit (7) positioned at the downstream end. Said external mixing two-fluid nozzle provides a swirling motion of the gas, which combined with a pressurized feed liquid enables the production of spray dried powder at industrially applicable capacities with low energy consumption and a small particle size.

Abstract: The insert (20) is adapted to be fitted into an atomizer wheel. Each insert (20) has a longitudinal axis and comprises an inner end face (21), an outer end face (22), an external surface (23) and an internal surface (24) defining a channel (35) having a center axis (c) and extending between an inlet (25) at the inner end face (21) and an outlet (26) at the outer end face (22). At least the inlet (25) is offset from the longitudinal axis such that the center axis of the channel (35) is offset from the longitudinal axis of the insert (20). The insert (20) is adapted to be utilized in an atomizer wheel for a spray dryer for atomizing slurries of abrasive material, for instance for spray drying absorption for flue gas cleaning.

Abstract: A cyclone (4) for separation of solids and gases comprising a predefined circumference and at least one inlet (42a), for supplying a mixed stream of powder and air/gas, a first outlet in the form of a powder outlet (43) at the bottom of the cyclone (4) for extracting powder, a vortex finder (45) at the top of the cyclone, said vortex finder (45) further comprising a wall (50) and a second outlet in the form of an air/gas outlet (44) for extracting air/gas, characterized in that said cyclone (4) comprises a secondary powder extraction system (46) including a third outlet (48a), located in or at the vortex finder (45) to extract powder particles from the mixed stream entering the vortex finder (45).

Abstract: In the air disperser (4) having a number of components including a top, a bottom and an outer circumferential wall forming a space (45) defined within an inner radius and an outer radius and having an air inlet (81), a set of guide vanes (7), and an air outlet (82) at the inner radius adapted to be positioned above a feed outlet from atomizing means, at least some of the components are formed by precision metal forming such as metal spinning.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an external mixing pressurized two-fluid nozzle for atomising a liquid by means of liquid pressure and gas, comprising an inner feed liquid pipe (1) extending axially between an upstream end and a downstream end, having a feed liquid conduit (2), a feed liquid inlet (3) positioned at the upstream end and a feed orifice (4) positioned at the downstream end, and a co-axial first gas pipe (5) extending radially outside the inner feed liquid pipe (1) and forming a first gas conduit (6) between the first gas pipe (5) and the inner feed liquid pipe (1), the first gas pipe (5) having a gas outlet slit (7) positioned at the downstream end. Said external mixing two-fluid nozzle provides a swirling motion of the gas, which combined with a pressurized feed liquid enables the production of spray dried powder at industrially applicable capacities with low energy consumption and a small particle size.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sampling apparatus for use in explosive environments comprising particles of a mean size of up to 500 ?m, the sampling apparatus comprising a displaceable arm having a sample container, which displaceable arm has a first position where the sample container is inserted into a first zone for collecting a sample of particles into the sample container, and a second zone where the displaceable arm is outside the product stream, the second zone being contained in a housing with an opening for the displaceable arm. The sampling apparatus has an interface between the first and the second zone, which interface is selected from the list consisting of a closable member, a gate valve or an air knife. The invention also relates to a dryer comprising a drying chamber and a sampling apparatus of the invention. In a further aspect the invention relates to a method of estimating the flowability of a sample of organic particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an external mixing pressurized two-fluid nozzle for atomising a liquid by means of liquid pressure and gas, comprising an inner feed liquid pipe (1) extending axially between an upstream end and a downstream end, having a feed liquid conduit (2), a feed liquid inlet (3) positioned at the upstream end and a feed orifice (4) positioned at the downstream end, and a co-axial first gas pipe (5) extending radially outside the inner feed liquid pipe (1) and forming a first gas conduit (6) between the first gas pipe (5) and the inner feed liquid pipe (1), the first gas pipe (5) having a gas outlet slit (7) positioned at the downstream end. Said external mixing two-fluid nozzle provides a swirling motion of the gas, which combined with a pressurized feed liquid enables the production of spray dried powder at industrially applicable capacities with low energy consumption and a small particle size.

Abstract: For providing inline sterile freeze drying of a product containing solid matter and a solvent, such as water, in a plurality of trays accommodated in at least one trolley, a system comprises a filling station having an inlet end and an outlet end, or a docking station, a freeze storage, a freeze dryer unit, an emptying station having an inlet end and an outlet end, or a docking station, a plurality of trays adapted to be accommodated in at least one trolley. A cleaning and sterilizing unit is provided between the outlet end of the emptying station and the inlet end of the filling station.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for production of an instant coffee product in a high yield, comprising the steps of extracting roast and ground coffee beans with water having a temperature of 80° C. or less, to produce a first extract and spent coffee grounds, adding water to the spent coffee grounds to produce an aqueous suspension, hydrolysing the aqueous suspension using a hydrolysing enzyme to produce a second extract and spent remains, adding the first extract to the second extract, optionally after concentration and/or drying of the second extract, to obtain a combined extract, and drying the combined extract to obtain an instant coffee product. The high yield is obtained due to the reduction of enzyme inhibiting substances.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for preparing a coffee extract, comprising the steps of: providing a mixture of roasted coffee beans and water, milling the mixture of roast coffee beans and water in a pressurised chamber, and separating the milled mixture in a liquid coffee extract and spent coffee grounds. The coffee extract maintains many of the flavour components of the roasted beans.