Abstract: An automatic reverse system for a shredder machine automatically causes reversal of the shredder motor when the system becomes jammed. A centrifugal switch connected with a starter winding of the drive motor disconnects power feed thereto when the motor is rotating above a predetermined speed. A manually actuated switching circuit in combination with the centrifugal switch initially energizes the system for forward operation. When a jam occurs, the centrifugal switch together with the switching circuit automatically causes a reversal in the direction of rotation of the motor, the reverse operation continuing until the operator manually actuates a switch to deenergize the system or when an automatic switch halts reverse rotation after a predetermined time period.

Abstract: An apparatus for shredding paper by passing the paper or document between a pair of shredding rollers comprising a plurality of spaced cutters characterized by a backup arrangement for at least one of the rollers to prevent bending of the roller and jamming during a shredding operation. The backup arrangement includes at least one yoke member having at least one finger which extends between cutters to engage a spacing portion of the roller to limit the amount of bending thereof so that a document or sheet of paper cannot pass between the rollers without being shredded.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a film suitable for use in lamination under heat and pressure. A plurality of resins is co-extruded into concentric annuli, the inner annulus being a polyester type resin, and at least one of the outer annuli consisting of a polyolefin based resin. The co-extrusion is carried out as the extruding die is rotated about its axis. After quenching to form a multi-layer seamless tube, the tube is collapsed and heated to a temperature suitable for biaxial orientation. An air bubble is introduced into the heated tube to expand the diameter thereof and simultaneously orient the tube biaxially by molecular orientation. The biaxially oriented tube is cooled sufficiently to retain its molecular orientation, and is then collapsed. The tube is then heated to a shrinking temperature while under controlled restraint to achieve a predetermined dimension in amount of shrinkage in the film. Finally, the edges of the shrunk tube are slit to form a pair of flat films.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a film suitable for use in lamination under heat and pressure. A plurality of resins is co-extruded into concentric annuli, the inner annulus being a polyester type resin, and at least one of the outer annuli consisting of a polyolefin based resin. The co-extrusion is carried out as the extruding die is rotated about its axis. After quenching to form a multi-layer seamless tube, the tube is collapsed and heated to a temperature suitable for biaxial orientation. An air bubble is introduced into the heated tube to expand the diameter thereof and simultaneously orient the tube biaxially by molecular orientation. The biaxially oriented tube is cooled sufficiently to retain its molecular orientation, and is then collapsed. The tube is then heated to a shrinking temperature while under controlled restraint to achieve a predetermined dimension in amount of shrinkage in the film. Finally, the edges of the shrunk tube are slit to form a pair of flat films.

Abstract: An improved book cover structure of the general type having an integral backbone and front and back covers connected to the backbone via spaced parallel score lines to enable the front and back covers to flex relative to the backbone. A backbone strip of hot melt adhesive is secured on an inside face area of the backbone. Spacer means for positioning the outermost sheets in engagement with the backbone strip are provided and comprise cover strips of hot melt adhesive secured to inside surface areas of the front and back covers adjacent to the score lines with reduced area portions of the cover strips extending across the score lines.

Abstract: A book cover structure of the type having front and back covers for binding sheets therebetween. A backbone area is joined with the front and back covers. The backbone area is provided with spaced parallel strips of hot melt adhesive with transversely extending bridge means of hot melt adhesive extending therebetween the width of the backbone area. Spaced score lines are positioned between the parallel strips under the bridges in parallel relation relative to the strips to enable the user to flex the binding along selectable score lines relative to the backbone area. The bridge means of hot melt adhesive and the strips comprise means for holding sheets in bound engagement with the backbone area. The bridge means of hot melt adhesive extend across the score lines and thus provide continuity of adhesive on opposite sides of and across the score lines.

Abstract: A laminating machine is disclosed for use in laminating upper and lower heat activatible films on an object. Preferably a packet is employed having upper and lower film leaves within which the object is placed. The packet is received in the laminating machine which has a heating and compression zone formed of upper and lower heater assemblies followed by drive rollers. The heater assemblies are movable towards one another and both heat and compress the film packet as it moves through the machine drawn by the drive rollers. At least one of the heater assemblies has a tapering member which causes increased pressure along central portions of the packet relative to edge portions so as to create a wave in front of the heating and compression zone which spreads the material out evenly and prevents wrinkling or creasing during laminating.

Abstract: A restorable gang apparatus for telephone books which includes a main frame having a top shelf and spaced end plates depending downwardly generally at opposite ends of the shelf with one or more telephone books being normally storable on the bottom side of the shelf. A series of book mounting units are suspended in side by side relation from beneath the top shelf between the spaced end plates when in a storage position. Each unit is comprised of the following elements. An inclined track hanger means suspends the inclined track in an inclined position where an outer end of the track is more elevated than an inner or rearward end of the track. Telephone book carrier structure is disposed beneath and mounted on the telephone book carrier structure. Means are provided for mounting the telephone book onto the telephone book carrier structure. A truck having slidable bearing means is mounted on the track for back and forth movement on the inclined track.

Abstract: An improved laminator with a novel heating control system is disclosed for particular employment with laminating packets formed of an article to be laminated positioned between top and bottom leaves. When the packet is aligned in a ready position within the laminating machine, heating elements in a heating zone of the laminating machine are activated while the packet is stationary. When the heating zone attains a first temperature, movement of the packet is initiated in the heating zone. During passage through the heating zone, when the heating zone attains a second temperature, power to the heating elements is cycled so as to maintain the second temperature substantially constant. Also, to further minimize temperature overshoot, power to the heating elements is temporarily removed when the first temperature is attained. With the system of the invention, the dual problems of temperature overshoot and insufficient lamination of lead ends of the packet is avoided.

Abstract: A book cover structure of the type having a spine with front and back cover structures connected to the spine and separated from the spine by scribes to enable the front and back cover structures to flex relative to the spine. A spine strip of hot metal adhesive is secured on an inside face area of the spine. Spacer means for holding sheets in engagement with the spine strip are spaced inwardly of the scribes and comprise a pair of cover strips of hot melt adhesive secured to inside surface areas of the front and back cover structures in spaced adjacency to the scribes with the scribes separating the hot melt adhesive strips on the covers from the strip of hot melt adhesive strip on the spine.

Abstract: A continuous laminating system is disclosed wherein a pair of rotating laminating rollers are provided which form a laminating nip through which a product to be laminated together with sheets of laminating film are fed and pressed. A pair of rearwardly positioned pull rollers pull the laminating film through the laminating rollers together with the product. Adjacent each laminating roller a shoe-type heating member is provided which has a concave surface adjacent the respective laminating roller and a convex heating surface positioned so that the laminating film from each of the supply rollers slides over the heating surface and is heated prior to entry into the laminating nip. A Teflon-coated fiberglass layer is provided at least over portions of the convex heating surface over which the laminating film slides. Problems of scratching of the laminating film and squealing during processing are solved according to the invention.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for permanently binding sheets of paper into a cover inexpensively and quickly is disclosed. The cover has a top and bottom leaf with a center fold therebetween and a folding score on each leaf near the center fold. An elongated strip of heat reactivatible adhesive is applied to the inner surface of one or both of the leaves between the folding score on the leaf and the center fold. A plurality of sheets are positioned adjacent the strip or strips of adhesive and the entire assembly is then fed into a laminator machine which heats and presses the heat reactivatible adhesive to cause it to flow back towards the sheets. As the adhesive cools the ends of the sheets are held in intimate contact between the leaves near the center fold.

Abstract: A side-opening composite looseleaf binding apparatus for attachment to a backbone of a looseleaf binder cover. The binding apparatus comprises a one-piece molded plastic base having a planar floor portion, a stationary wall portion, a hinged wall portion separated from the stationary wall portion by a floor portion, and wherein the hinged wall portion includes an integral plastic hinge. A one-piece stamped metal finger or ring unit is provided having a strip portion connected to the hinge wall portion and a plurality of curved fingers or rings extending from the strip portion. In a closed position, the curved fingers have ends which are adjacent to and below an upper edge of the stationary wall. A spring member provides an opening bias for the finger unit and a locking member locks the finger portions of the finger unit in a closed position.

Abstract: An improved motor-driven laminating machine is provided which is adapted to laminate articles by use of endless belt drive either when they are contained in prefabricated laminating packets or utilizing continuous webs of laminating material. The endless belts serve as a carrier when the laminating packets are employed.

Abstract: A prefabricated laminating packet is provided having two laminating sheets thereon with a pull tab detachably attached thereto adapted for use in laminating machines. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pull tab has a series of notches therein which serve to locate the packet within a laminating machine and also which enable the machine to work only with packets designed for that particular machine.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing a longitudinally extending curved finger binding made of plastic material. The fingers are arched transversely to their longitudinal axis to provide an arched contour with a resulting increase in stiffness. A blank from which the binding is formed is heated to a temperature sufficient to soften the plastic blank. Fingers of the blank are curled and a backbone portion of the blank is curved into a closed circular plastic binding formation by use of a guide form. The guide form simultaneously curves each of the fingers transverse to their longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A folding machine for producing folds in paper sheets and the like of varying numbers and dimensions and equipped with a plurality of main rolls and adjustable roll combinations wherein each adjustable roll is adjustable independently of its associated main roll and independently of all of the other adjustable rolls and including means for providing such independent adjustment to achieve desired nip and amount of pressure between interacting rolls.

Abstract: An automatic laminating machine is provided for use with pre-fabricated laminating packets having a tear-off tab with a plurality of notches thereon. The machine is substantially automatic in its operation and can be easily operated by an inexperienced operator. The machine requires no warm-up time and heats up in only 10 seconds each time a packet is inserted. The machine will not operate unless it is used with a laminating packet with a pull tab of proper configuration which not only energizes the machine but also aligns the packet within the machine.