Abstract: A spray tower is provided for removing gases and particulate matter from flue gases which are produced by processing operations of the type carried out in utility and industrial facilities. The spray tower is configured so as to minimize its overall height, such that construction, operational and maintenance costs of the tower are also minimized. A tank located at the base of the tower serves as a reservoir for an alkaline slurry used to remove gases and particulate matter from the flue gases. The slurry is pumped from the tank to spraying devices located within the tower. An inlet is located above the tank through which the flue gases are introduced into the tower. Disposed within the tower and adjacent the inlet is an enclosure having an upper end joined to the tower and a lower end defining an opening. Spraying devices are located within the enclosure, preferably at approximately the same height as the inlet, so as to enable the overall height of the tower to be reduced.

Abstract: A method and system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas. In a moving bed absorber, sulfur compounds in the hot gas moving in a direction which is countercurrent to the direction of movement of the movable bed of metal oxide, react with metal oxide to form metal sulfide. The metal sulfide is regenerated to re-usable metal oxide in a moving bed regenerator. The regeneration is carried out with an oxygen-containing gas in which regenerator off-gas serves as a diluent to control oxygen concentration. In the regenerator, spent metal sulfide moves progressively through a single regeneration vessel having first, second and third regeneration stages. In the first and second regeneration stages, first and second oxygen and sulfur dioxide-containing gases move, respectively, in a direction which is cocurrent with the direction of movement of a movable bed of spent metal sulfide.

Abstract: A method and system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas. In a moving bed absorber, sulfur compounds in the hot gas moving in a direction which is countercurrent to the direction of movement of the movable bed of metal oxide, react with metal oxide to form metal sulfide. The metal sulfide is regenerated to re-usable metal oxide in a moving bed regenerator. The regeneration is carried out with an oxygen-containing gas in which regenerator off-gas serves as a diluent to control oxygen concentration. In the regenerator, spent metal sulfide moves progressively through a single regeneration vessel having first, second and third regeneration stages. In the first and second regeneration stages, first and second oxygen and sulfur dioxide-containing gases move, respectively, in a direction which is cocurrent with the direction of movement of a movable bed of spent metal sulfide.

Abstract: To maintain alignment of the lower ends of the multiple electrode panels of an electrostatic precipitator collector electrode, an alignment device is utilized having an elongated bar mounted adjacent its ends in aligned underlying relation with the bottom edges of the electrode panels which are suspended in lateral edge-to-edge, essential coplanar relation. The bar, in turn, mounts a distributed plurality of pairs of opposed wicket-shaped aligning elements in flanking relation with the lower end portion of each panel to resist lateral, swaying movement, while permitting the limited panel motion occurring during normal precipitator operation.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for the removal of sulfur oxides from sulfur oxide-containing gas with simultaneous production of ammonium sulfate. The process is carried out in a single vessel having an ammonium sulfate scrubbing zone; an ammonium sulfate liquor reservoir having a neutralization zone, a sulfur oxide oxidation zone, and a product removal zone; and a scrubbed gas removal zone. The sulfur oxide-containing gas is introduced into the ammonium sulfate scrubbing zone and passes countercurrent to droplets or a spray of ammonium sulfate liquor. The ammonium sulfate liquor absorbs the sulfur oxide in the scrubbing zone, and the liquor having the absorbed sulfur oxide therein collects in the ammonium sulfate liquor reservoir where aqueous ammonia is introduced into the neutralization zone and an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the sulfur oxide oxidation zone.

Abstract: Wastewater from metal plating operations is treated to remove heavy metal and other contaminants, including toxic organic materials, chelating agents, and cyanide. The wastewater is passed through the cathode and anode of an electrochemical reactor in which the cathode preferably comprises a felt mass of conductive fibers and the anode comprises porous carbon, carbon fibers or metal oxides. A method and apparatus are disclosed which are particularly useful in removing impurities from plating plant wastewater.

Abstract: An internal flue gas bypass system is provided in a baghouse filter system having a plurality of filter compartments each having a gas inlet for receiving particulate-laden gas, a gas outlet for delivering filtered gas, fabric filter means between the gas inlet and the gas outlet, means for selectively blocking the gas inlet of each compartment, a gas inlet manifold connected to a source of particulate-laden gas and to the gas inlet of a plurality of filter compartments, and a gas outlet manifold connected to the gas outlet of a plurality of filter compartments and to a baghouse clean gas outlet. At least a portion of the gas outlet manifold has a common wall with the gas inlet manifold so that the gas outlet manifold is mounted internally in the baghouse adjacent the gas inlet manifold, and at least one poppet damper means is positioned in the common wall thereby providing an internal bypass means for passing particulate-laden gas from the gas inlet manifold to the gas outlet manifold.

Abstract: A high capacity gas filter having a particulate collector hopper having a bag housing mounted thereon with the walls of the housing extending outwardly and upwardly from the hopper. The walls terminate in gas passages which may be covered by outwardly extending hoods open at the underside thereof so as to provide for entrance of the dirty air. This opening extends substantially the entire periphery of the housing. A rigid tube sheet having orifices therein extends across the top of the bag housing and rigid frames support bag filters extending downwardly below the orifices and into the housing. A clean air plenum is mounted above the rigid sheet and is connected to a blower for pulling air through the gas passage, downwardly and inwardly along and through the filters and into the clean air plenum. This configuration permits a lower velocity air input and thus provides a higher air-to-cloth ratio while substantially reducing bag deterioration.

Abstract: A method for controlling the cleaning of multiple-baghouse fabric filter systems. Each baghouse includes a plurality of compartments and a cleaning system of a type which cleans the compartments in a compartment-by-compartment sequence and which allows all compartments not being cleaned to maintain the baghouse on-line even during a cleaning operation. The particular cleaning system disclosed more particularly is of the reverse gas flow type. A normal characteristic of reverse gas flow cleaning is that system pressure drop goes through sequential peaks and minimums. In the systems disclosed herein, the cleaning cycles of the individual baghouses are staggered in a manner such that the peak resistance during cleaning of one baghouse does occur at the same time as a lower and offsetting resistance of another baghouse. Thus, peak pressure drop of the system as a whole is reduced. Moreover, the difference in pressure loss from peak to minimum is reduced.