Abstract: A surgical retractor includes a frame and hinges associated with the frame for making the frame conformable to the chest or other anatomical structure of a patient. Retractor blades are operatively associated with the frame for retracting soft tissue or bone structure. Where the surgical retractor includes opposing pairs of retractor blades for retracting soft tissue or bone structure in two relatively generally perpendicular directions, a method of using the device includes making an incision in the skin of a patient, placing the device over the incision, using one opposing pair of retractor blades to retract skin and soft tissue in a first direction and using the second opposing pair of retractor blades to retract bone in a second direction, the second direction being generally perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: A support arm assembly for assisting in the performance of cardiac surgery has an articulated arm movable axially of a support base and rotatable relative to the support base. A distal end of the articulated arm receives a contact member and the contact member is moveable relative to the distal end. A surgeon may configure the support arm assembly to contact a desired portion of a heart and fix the articulated arm, its axial position, its rotated position and the orientation of the contact member with a single control.

Abstract: An improved stabilization device of the type used to stabilize a portion of a beating heart by substantially eliminating movement of a portion of the surface tissue of the heart upon which surgical procedures are to be carried out comprising a housing having an opening that, in use, defines with the heart a vacuum chamber, the opening being closed by a geometrically stable porous plug structure.