Abstract: A computer implemented geospatial media recording system which receives a global positioning signal from a global positioning system, a video stream from a video recorder and an audio stream from an audio recorder and encodes the global positioning system signal as global positioning data continuously embedded at intervals in the video stream or the audio stream at a frequency at the upper end or outside of the human audible range as a combined data stream which by operation of a geospatial media program can be concurrently displayed as a video in a first display area with a geospatial representation in second display area on a display surface with a plurality of coordinate location indicators located in the geospatial representation each at the coordinate location associated with the global positioning data embedded in the video.

Abstract: A computer implemented geospatial media recording system which receives a global positioning signal from a global positioning system, a video stream from a video recorder and an audio stream from an audio recorder and encodes the global positioning system signal as global positioning data continuously embedded at intervals in the video stream or the audio stream at a frequency at the upper end or outside of the human audible range as a combined data stream which by operation of a geospatial media program can be concurrently displayed as a video in a first display area with a geospatial representation in second display area on a display surface with a plurality of coordinate location indicators located in the geospatial representation each at the coordinate location associated with the global positioning data embedded in the video.

Abstract: A dimension measuring system and method are provided. Two track reference target (TRT) assemblies are positioned at spaced-apart locations on a railroad track's rails. Each of the TRT assemblies has two targets at fixed positions in a plane perpendicular to the rails. For each of the TRT assemblies, at least one of the two targets is positioned at a known and fixed height over one of the rails. A laser-based distance measuring device measures vector distances to the two targets associated with each of the TRT assemblies. The vector distances are processed in combination with the fixed positions to determine an elevation of each of the rails in the plane associated with each of the TRT assemblies.

Abstract: A computer implemented geospatial media recording system which receives a global positioning signal from a global positioning system, a video stream from a video recorder and an audio stream from an audio recorder and encodes the global positioning system signal as global positioning data continuously embedded at intervals in the video stream or the audio stream at a frequency at the upper end or outside of the human audible range as a combined data stream which by operation of a geospatial media program can be concurrently displayed as a video in a first display area with a geospatial representation in second display area on a display surface with a plurality of coordinate location indicators located in the geospatial representation each at the coordinate location associated with the global positioning data embedded in the video.

Abstract: A method and related apparatus for reproducing a periodic signal received over a communication channel, or signal window of a desired profile, wherein the resolution of the reproduced signal or window is not limited by a digital sampling interval. The profile can be selected to match and compensate for known or estimated characteristics of a communication channel. A frequency difference, due to a Doppler frequency shift or other errors between received signals and locally generated signals, is determined in a receiver and utilized to derive a fine code phase measurement that is then usable to generate a succession of magnitudes that reproduce the desired signal or window profile.

Abstract: A GLONASS receiver and a corresponding method for its calibration for more precise carrier phase measurements. The receiver includes a conventional receiver channel (36), having a bandpass filter (40) for establishing the sampling bandwidth prior to digitizing a plurality of received satellite signals, each having a different frequency. The receiver also includes a calibration channel (50) in which multiple satellite signals are bandbass filtered (in filter 58) at a single intermediate frequency, to avoid errors resulting from group delay variation introduced by passing multiple satellite signals through a common bandpass filter. The calibration channel (50) downconverts (56) to the intermediate frequency, bandpass filters (58), and then upconverts (60) again. Each satellite signal in turn is processed in this manner by selecting appropriate difference frequencies for downconversion and upconversion.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for effecting code synchronization in a global positioning system receiver is disclosed herein. Within the receiver, digital in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) samples of a plurality of received pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals are provided to a code synchronization circuit. The code synchronization circuit is designed for coherent-mode operation when the receiver has achieved phase-lock with one of the PRN encoded signals, and operates in a non-coherent mode otherwise.The code synchronization circuit includes an I-channel correlator for producing a coherent-mode discrimination signal by correlating in-phase (I) samples of a first of said PRN encoded signals with a discrimination pattern, wherein the first PRN encoded signal is encoded with a first PRN code.

Abstract: A technique for minimizing or eliminating the effect of multipath signals in a receiver processing pseudorandom (PRN) code signals, such as in a global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The presence of multipath signals adversely affects both code measurements and carrier phase measurements of received PRN signals. One aspect of the invention provides for improved code tracking in the presence of multipath signals, by sampling the received code with a multipath mitigation window (MMW) (FIG. 25D) that results in a code error function (FIG. 25F) that reduces or eliminates the multipath effects. The MMW, which may be any of a number of preferred waveforms (FIGS. 35B-35E), provides a code error function that varies in opposite directions from zero at a desired tracking point (402), but assumes a nearly zero value when the MMW is advanced from the tracking or synchronization point by more than a small fraction of a code chip.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for effecting code synchronization in a global positioning system receiver is disclosed herein. Within the receiver, digital in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) samples of a plurality of received pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals are provided to a code synchronization circuit. The code synchronization circuit is designed for coherent-mode operation when the receiver has achieved phase-lock with one of the PRN encoded signals, and operates in a non-coherent mode otherwise.The code synchronization circuit includes an I-channel correlator for producing a coherent-mode discrimination signal by correlating in-phase (I) samples of a first of said PRN encoded signals with a discrimination pattern, wherein the first PRN encoded signal is encoded with a first PRN code.

Abstract: A technique for minimizing or eliminating the effect of multipath signals in a receiver processing pseudorandom (PRN) code signals, such as in a global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The presence of multipath signals adversely affects both code measurements and carrier phase measurements of received PRN signals. One aspect of the invention provides for improved code tracking in the presence of multipath signals, by sampling the received code with a multipath mitigation window (MMW) (FIG. 25D) that results in a code error function (FIG. 25F) that reduces or eliminates the multipath effects. The MMW, which may be any of a number of preferred waveforms (FIGS. 35B-35E), provides a code error function that varies in opposite directions from zero at a desired tracking point (402), but assumes a nearly zero value when the MMW is advanced from the tracking or synchronization point by more than a small fraction of a code chip.