Abstract: A domestic or vehicle rearview silvered mirror having a silver coating which is not covered with a protective layer of copper. The silver mirror comprises a glass sheet, tin and preferably palladium at surface of the glass sheet, a silver coating of the surface of the glass sheet and at least one paint layer covering the silver coating. Optionally, tin may be present at the surface of the silver coating adjacent the paint layer and optionally traces of silane may be present at the surface of the silver coating adjacent to the paint layer. Alternate or additional materials may be present at a surface of the glass sheet and alternate or additional materials may be present at the surface of the silver adjacent to the paint layer.

Abstract: An automotive glazing panel having an electrically heatable solar control coating layer, spaced first and second bus bars adapted to relay electrical power to the coating layer and a data transmission window positioned at least partially in contact with the heatable solar control coating layer is arranged such that at least a portion of the periphery of the data transmission window is bounded by an electrically conductive band having an electrical resistance measured in ohms per square significantly less than the electrical resistance measured in ohms per square of the heatable solar control coating layer. This may be used to minimize perturbations to the heating of the glazing caused by the presence of the data transmission window and/or provide more even heating over the entire windscreen.

Abstract: The invention concerns a colored soda glass of green shade comprising at most 0.27 wt. % of FeO and has under a standard illuminant A and for a thickness of 4 mm, a light transmission (TLA-4) less then 70%, a selectivity (SE4) higher than 1.50 and an ultraviolet radiation transmission (TUV4) less than 20%. Said glass is particularly suited for vehicle side glazing and rear windows.

Abstract: A mirror composed of a vitreous substrate having a silver coating formed on a surface thereof produced by a process including the steps of sensitizing the vitreous substrate; activating the vitreous substrate by contacting the vitreous substrate with a solution comprised of at least one ion selected from the group consisting of bismuth (III), chromium (II), gold (III), indium (III), nickel (II), palladium (II), platinum (II), rhodium (III), titanium (III), vanadium (III) and zinc (II); contacting the vitreous substrate with a silvering solution so as to form the silver coating; and applying at least one layer of paint over the silvered substrate. Preferably, the silver coating is not covered with a protective layer of copper.

Abstract: The invention relates to glazings adapted for automotive vehicle roofs. The glazing according to the invention comprises: a first sheet of glass on the external face of the roof; a second sheet of glass at at least a portion of the internal surface arranged towards the interior; an intermediate sheet of one or more traditional thermoplastic materials used for forming laminated glazings, which extends at least over the surfaces of the sheet of glass which face each other; functional non-transparent elements arranged under the first sheet of glass; the transparent laminated portion having a luminous transmittance of less than 35 percent and an energy transmittance less than 20 percent.

Abstract: A transparent coated substrate with high reflectance, especially for use as in exterior glazing panels for buildings, is provided by a substrate carrying a coating stack comprising a pyrolytically-formed main layer containing oxides of tin and antimony, in which the main layer has a geometric thickness of at least 250 nm and the stack includes an outer reflective layer having a geometric thickness in the range 30 to 150 nm and a refractive index in the range 2.0 to 2.8, whereby the so-coated substrate has a reflectance (RL) of more than 10%.

Abstract: A solar control transparent glass sheet is provided by a soda-lime glass sheet carrying a coating of at least two pyrolytically-formed layers, characterised by the presence in the coating of a conductive or semi-conductive layer having a thickness in the range 15 to 500 nm and formed of a material comprising a metal oxide containing a dopant in an amount of from 1 to 100 moles per 100 moles of the metal oxide, the said metal oxide being selected from one or more of tungsten trioxide (W03), molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5), tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and vanadium dioxide (VO2), whereby the so-coated sheet has a neutral or blue tint in transmission and in reflection, a luminous transmittance (TL) which is in the range 30 to 85% and a selectivity of greater than 1, preferably greater than 1.2.

Abstract: A solar control coated substrate with high reflectance (RL) and comprises a pyrolytically-formed coating layer containing oxides of tin and antimony in a Sb/Sn molar ratio of from 0.03 to 0.16, characterized in that the coating layer further contains additives comprising at least one element selected form the group consisting of aluminum, chromium, cobalt, iron, manganese, magnesium, nickel, vanadium, zinc, and zirconium and is free from fluorine, whereby the so coated substrate has a reflectance of at least 10%. The invention covers a process for making such a coated substrate and a glazing panel incorporating such a coated substrate.

Abstract: A transparent heat-swellable material, a method for its preparation and fire-resistant glazing panels in which it is incorporated, are provided by a mixture of hydrated alkali metal silicate and an additive selected from polyalcohols and mono-or polysaccharides, in which the additive content is in the range of 5 to 22% by weight, the water content is in the range of 12 to 19.5% by weight, and the hydrated alkali metal silicate has a silicon oxide (SiO2): alkali metal oxide molar ratio greater than 3.3 to 1. Glazing panels including the said material offer thermal insulation of greater than 30 minutes, a barrier to flames and fumes for greater than 90 minutes and thermal radiation of less than 10 kW/m2, or even of less than 6 kW/m2, after 90 minutes.

Abstract: A ceramic welding process for the formation of a coherent refractory repair mass on a surface of an electrocast refractory material includes providing an electrocast refractory material having a surface to be repaired; providing a first powder mixture comprised of combustible particles, refractory particles, and at least one constituent which enhances production of a vitreous phase in the coherent refractory repair mass; and projecting the first powder mixture in a gas stream containing oxygen against the surface to be repaired so that the combustible particles react with the projected oxygen against the surface in a highly exothermic manner and release sufficient heat of combustion to form a first coherent refractory repair mass.

Abstract: A soda-lime glass which has a gray-green color, an excitation purity (P) of more than 7%, a light transmission of greater than 30% under Illuminant A and for a glass thickness of 4 mm, a selectivity (SE4) of greater than 1.55, and an ultraviolet radiation transmission (TUV4) of less than 10%, and which comprises soda-lime glass forming constituents as main constituents and coloring agents consisting essentially of, in weight %, more than 0.25 and less than 0.4% of FeO, from 0.9 to 1.8% of Fe2O3, from 0.001 to 0.010% of Co, from 0.0100 to 0.024% of Cr2O3, and from 0 to 0.2% of V2O5, in which the total quantity of iron is expressed as Fe2O3.

Abstract: A process for forming a silver coating on a surface of a vitreous substrate is described. The process comprises an activating step in which said surface is contacted with an activating solution, a sensitising step in which said surface is contacted with a sensitising solution, and a subsequent silvering step in which said surface is contacted with a silvering solution comprising a source of silver to form the silver coating. The process is characterised in that said activating solution comprises ions of at least one of bismuth (III), chromium (II), gold (III), indium (III), nickel (II), palladium (II), platinum (II), rhodium (III), ruthenium (III), titanium (III), vanadium (III) and zinc (II).

Abstract: In a process for forming a mirror which includes sensitizing and activating a vitreous substrate, subsequently silvering the vitreous substrate to provide a silver coating thereon, and applying paint to the silver coating, the improvement including activating the vitreous substrate by contacting the vitreous substrate with a solution comprised of at least one ion selected from the group consisting essentially of bismuth (III), chromium (II), gold (III), indium (III), nickel (II), palladium (II), platinum (II), rhodium (III), ruthenium (III), titanium (III), vanadium (III) and zinc (II); and silvering the vitreous substrate by spraying a silvering solution onto a surface of the sensitized and activated vitreous substrate to form a silver coating on the surface, so that a mirror is formed which has no copper layer.

Abstract: A glazing panel having a solar factor (FS) of less than 70% includes a sheet of glass; and at least two coating layers provided on the sheet of glass including first and second coating layers, the first coating layer being composed of tin and antimony oxides and having a Sb/Sn molar ratio ranging from 0.01 to 0.5 and being one of (A) pyrolytically formed from reactants in a gaseous phase or (B) pyrolytically spray formed, and the second coating layer being composed of tin oxide doped with fluorine.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for one of flame treatment or ceramic welding, the apparatus including a single tubular lance having a tip end, a butt end, and a head portion with a central main bore provided at the tip end so that ceramic welding materials comprised of particulate material containing oxidizable particles and combustion-supporting carrier gas are introduced at the butt end, pass through the main bore and emerge at the tip end during ceramic welding; wherein the head portion further comprises at least one conduit to convey a mixture of a fuel gas and a combustion-supporting gas, each of the at least one conduit having an orifice at the tip end of the single tubular lance and being provided with a portion for introduction of fuel gas and a portion for introduction of combustion-supporting gas so that fuel gas and combustion-supporting gas introduced at the butt end combine in the at least one conduit and emerge to form a flame at the tip end of the at least one conduit during flame treatment, and wherein

Abstract: A method of forming a reflective mirror comprised of a copper-free reflective metal layer carried on a transparent substrate, the method including the steps of providing a substrate which is transparent; contacting the substrate with an activating solution comprised of ions of at least one of bismuth (III), chromium (II), gold (III), indium (III), nickel (II), palladium (II), platinum (II), rhodium (III), ruthenium (III), titanium (III), vanadium (III) and zinc (II) to provide an activated substrate; forming a coating comprised of a layer of copper-free reflective metal on a surface of the activated substrate; applying a paint powder which is includes a polymer onto the coating to provide a powder coated assembly; and treating the polymer to form a protective layer of paint on the coating.

Abstract: A device for the formation, by pyrolysis, of a coating composed of metal or a metal compound on a face of a hot glass substrate which is in motion by bringing the face into contact with a gaseous reagent, includes a vault; support device for conveying the hot glass substrate along a path through a coating chamber defined between the vault and the face; device for supplying and distributing gaseous reagent to the coating chamber as a flow; and device for discharging exhaust gas from the coating chamber. The device for supplying and distributing gaseous reagent includes an ejection nozzle having defined therein a slot which opens directly into the coating chamber and has longitudinal internal walls which are substantially parallel to each other. The ejection nozzle has longitudinal internal walls which define a continuous convergent path which terminates at and communicates with the slot and which has an angle of convergence (.alpha.), thereby causing the flow of gaseous reagent to conform to the slot.

Abstract: A coated sheet for use in a laminated assembly and having a high level of luminous transmission and a low energy transmission includes a transparent substrate carrying a coating including two metal layers formed of silver or silver alloy and three layers of a transparent dielectric non-absorbent material, in the sequence, from the substrate: non-absorbent 1/metal 1/non-absorbent 2/metal 2/non-absorbent 3, wherein the two metal layers have a total geometrical thickness which ranges from 16.5 to 22 nm, wherein the non-absorbent 1 layer has an optical thickness which ranges from 50 to 56 nm, wherein the three layers of a transparent dielectric non-absorbent have a total optical thickness which ranges from 220 to 260 nm, and wherein the coated sheet has a thickness ratio of non-absorbent 2:nonabsorbent 1 which ranges from 2.1:1 to 2.8:1.

Abstract: An optical device includes (a) a dichromatic mirror composed of a vitreous substrate having a front surface and a rear surface; and a coating provided on the vitreous substrate composed of a three-layer stack including a semiconductor layer composed of a semiconductor material having a refractive index of more than 3.0, a layer composed of a material having an intermediate refractive index in the range 1.9 to 2.8, and a layer composed of a material having a low refractive index in the range 1.2 to 2.0, wherein the refractive indices of the materials of intermediate and low refractive index differ by at least 0.2, and wherein the dichromatic mirror has a luminous transmittance of at least 20% and a luminous reflectivity of at least 40%; and (b) radiation detecting means positioned on the side of the rear surface of the vitreous substrate.

Abstract: A coated substrate including a substrate; a stack of coating layers provided on the substrate composed of, in the sequence recited, (i) a first layer of dielectric material which is a composite layer including a sub-layer comprising a selectively absorbent material having a refractive index of at least 1.4, a spectral absorption index k.sub..lambda. of at least 0.4 in the range 380<.lambda.<450 nm and having a ratio of k.sub.380<.lambda.<450 nm /k.sub.650<.lambda.760 nm >2, (ii) a first layer of a metal selected the group consisting of silver, gold, copper and alloys of one or more thereof, and (iii) a second layer of dielectric material.