Abstract: A method for the correction of average brightness or brightness uniformity variations in electroluminescent (EL) displays comprising: a) providing an EL display having one or more light-emitting elements responsive to a multi-valued input signal for causing the light-emitting elements to emit light at a plurality of brightness levels; b) measuring the brightness of each light-emitting element at two or more, but fewer than all possible, different input signal values; c) employing the measured brightness values to estimate a maximum input signal value at which the light-emitting element will not emit more than a predefined minimum brightness and the rate at which the brightness of the light-emitting element increases above the predefined minimum brightness in response to increases in the value of the input signal; and d) using the estimated maximum input signal value at which the light-emitting element will not emit light more than the predefined minimum brightness and the rate at which the brightness of the l

Abstract: When performing gradation expression using a time division driving method, an operational frequency of a driving circuit is suppressed, and non-light emitting time is eliminated to increase the light emitting time. Each of a number of pixel circuits includes a light emitting element, a driver element for turning on or off a driving current of the light emitting element, a switching element for controlling connection of a gate electrode of the driver element with a signal line, and a capacitance to which a signal voltage supplied from the signal line to the gate electrode of the driver element is written.

Abstract: An organic device including at least two electrodes; at least one organic active layer, wherein the organic active layer is disposed in between two electrodes; and an electrode modification layer, wherein the electrode modification layer is disposed in between two electrodes and in contact with one of the electrodes; and the electrode modification layer includes a fluorocarbon compound selected from the materials having a chemical structure of (CxFy)n, wherein the “x”, “y”, and “n” are integers, and wherein 1<x?70, 1<y?50, and n?1.

Abstract: A method of compensating for changes in the characteristics of transistors and EL devices in an EL display, includes providing an EL display having a two-dimensional array of EL devices arranged in rows and columns, wherein each EL device is driven by a drive circuit in response to a drive signal; providing a first drive circuit for an EL device having three transistors and providing a second drive circuit for an EL device having only two transistors, and wherein a first column in the display includes at least one first drive circuit and an adjacent second column includes at least one second drive circuit; deriving a correction signal based on the characteristics of a transistor in a first drive circuit, or the EL device; and using the correction signal to adjust the drive signals applied to the first drive circuit and one or more adjacent second drive circuits.

Abstract: A method of displaying on a display a visual reproduction of an original scene with a preferential tone mapping; said display having a selected display white point and a selected display black point separated by more than 3.5 decades of luminance; the method comprising the steps of capturing original scene parameters, performing a transformation on said captured scene parameters, and displaying a visual reproduction of the scene on the display from the transformed captured scene parameters; wherein said transformation, taken in conjunction with untransformed characteristics of the capturing and displaying steps, results in a reproduced tone mapping having: a. a dynamic range greater than 3.5 decades; b. a first derivative value of minus log reproduced luminance relative to log original scene luminance between ?1.1 and ?1.51 inclusive for a log scene luminance of ?0.6, measured relative to a 100% diffuse reflector in the original scene; c. a first derivative value less than or equal to ?1.

Abstract: An EL light-emitting element is driven digitally to reduce power consumption using a pixel having three transistors and two capacitors. A reset transistor for diode connection writes the threshold voltage of the drive transistor onto a coupling capacitor. The data voltage plus threshold voltage is then written onto the gate of the drive transistor. This reduces the amplitude of the data voltage required, further reducing power consumption.

Abstract: A blue color filter having a blue filter layer comprising a first pigment having a maximum absorption at a wavelength within the range of from 550 to 650 nm, and a second pigment having a maximum absorption at a shorter wavelength than the first pigment within the range of from 500 to 600 nm, wherein the blue filter layer has chromaticity coordinates (x, y) in the 1931 CIE XYZ calorimetric system, calculated using CIE Standard Illuminant D65, that satisfy the expressions 0.134?x?0.15 and 0.03?y?0.06.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device having a plurality of current driven pixels arranged in rows and columns, such that when current is provided to a pixel it produces light, including each pixel having first and second electrodes and current responsive electroluminescent media disposed between the first and second electrodes; at least one chiplet having a thickness less than 20 micrometers; including transistor drive circuitry for controlling the operation of at least four pixels, the chiplet being mounted on a substrate and having connection pads; a planarization layer disposed over at least a portion of the chiplet; a first conductive layer over the planarization layer and connected to at least one of the connection pads; and a structure for providing electrical signals through the first conductive layer and at least one of the connection pads of the chiplet so that the transistor drive circuitry of the chiplet controls current to the four pixels.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective way of replenishing particulate material for vaporization. This object is achieved by a method for delivering material into a deposition chamber having a vaporization zone to vaporize such material to form a layer. The improvement includes providing a cartridge defining a cavity for receiving material under a controlled environment for preventing material contamination, receiving material from the cavity and translating such received material along a feed path to the vaporization zone and removably securing the cartridge to the deposition chamber.

Abstract: A drive circuit that compensates for the dispersion of the characteristics of drive transistors is disclosed. A switch SW2 is turned off, and switches SW1 and SW3 are turned on. Thereby, a constant current from a constant current source CC1 is flown in a drive transistor T1. Consequently, a gate voltage corresponding to the constant current Is written in the gate of the drive transistor T1. Then, the switches SW1 and SW3 are turned off, and the switch SW2 is turned on. Simultaneously, the voltage of a capacitor C1 on the side of the switch SW4 is varied according to a signal voltage, and thereby the voltage is added to the gate of the drive transistor T1 to flow a current corresponding to the signal voltage in the drive transistor T1.

Abstract: A tiled, passive-matrix, EL display, including two or more EL tiles, each EL tile including an array of rows and columns of light-emitting elements, each light-emitting element being formed from a light-emitting layer that is sandwiched between an orthogonal array of row and column electrodes wherein each of the two or more EL tiles further include at least one row driver; at least one column driver for operating in conjunction with each of the at least one row drivers to control the flow of electrons between the row and column electrodes to control the emission of light from each of the light-emitting elements, with a first exception that when the boundary between the two tiles is to be illuminated, then the number of rows of simultaneously illuminated rows of light-emitting elements within one tile is less than the predetermined number.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode display device includes a transparent substrate; a plurality of chiplets located over the substrate between a transparent electrode and the substrate, each chiplet including drive circuitry for driving pixels to emit light and including a storage capacitor for storing charge and wherein light illumination of at least a portion of the drive circuit causes the capacitor to leak charge; a connection pad forming a first light shield separate from the drive circuitry located on the surface of each chiplet disposed over the drive circuitry and substantially shielding at least a portion of the drive circuitry from illumination, the connection pad electrically connected to the drive circuitry, and a second light shield disposed under the drive circuitry between the drive circuitry and the substrate to shield at least a portion of the drive circuitry from illumination.

Abstract: A method of vaporizing material at a uniform rate for forming a layer on a substrate includes feeding a column of vaporizable material from a temperature controlled region maintained below the vaporizable material's effective vaporization temperature to a source of vaporization energy, wherein the volume of the column can vary during vaporization; and providing a source of vaporization energy delivering a constant heat flux to the surface of the column so that a uniform volume per unit time of the vaporizable material is vaporized to form the layer on the substrate, irrespective of the feeding rate.

Abstract: A top-emitting OLED device, comprising: one or more OLEDs formed on a substrate; a light-scattering layer formed over the one or more OLEDs; a transparent cover; one or more color filters formed on the transparent cover; a color-conversion material layer formed over the color filters, or formed over or integral with the light-scattering layer; wherein the substrate is aligned and affixed to the transparent cover so that the locations of the color filters and color conversion material correspond to the location of the OLEDs, and the color-conversion material layer, color filters, and the light-scattering layer are between the cover and substrate, and a low-index gap is formed between the light-scattering layer and the color filters, with no light-scattering layer being positioned between the color conversion material layer and the low-index gap, wherein the color-conversion material layer is formed integrally with the light-scattering layer.

Abstract: A light-emitting device, including a substrate and a first electrode formed over the substrate. A light-emitting layer is formed over the first electrode. A second electrode is formed over the light-emitting layer. At least one of the first and second electrodes is transparent. A light-scattering layer comprising electrically-conductive, light-scattering particles is located in physical and electrical contact with the first or second electrode. The light-scattering layer is formed on a side of the first or second electrode, and opposite the light-emitting layer.

Abstract: Displaying an image with unevenness correction by measuring Vgs-Id characteristics of the transistors in a subset of pixels; approximating each characteristic using an equation of the form Id=(a(Vgs?b))c; calculating a value c? using the approximations; measuring the characteristics of the remaining pixels; approximating each of those characteristics by an equation of the same form, using c? as the power for all of the approximations, calculating corrected image signals for each pixel using the respective approximations of the corresponding pixels of the display device to correct for unevenness; and applying the corrected image signals to the corresponding pixels of the display device to display a corresponding image with unevenness correction.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display apparatus having four types of light producing dots, including R (red), G (green), B (blue), and W (white) dots, includes detecting the amount of high frequency components of a portion of a color image to be displayed, or calculating average brightness or power of display from input image data; or detecting the amount of current flowing in display; or responding to a user input instruction; or responding to a battery capacity; and adaptively changing the usage ratio of W dots accordingly.

Abstract: A flat panel OLED device including a transparent deformable substrate having first and second sides and defining a predetermined illumination region and a non-illumination region; a moisture-sensitive OLED disposed over the first side of the transparent substrate within the illumination region and means for applying electrical signals to the OLED which causes the OLED to produce light and heat; a protective layer disposed over the OLED; a flexible encapsulating foil disposed over the protective layer, but not attached thereto; and a rigid chassis structure operatively associated with the transparent deformable substrate for dissipating the heat and providing rigidity to the transparent deformable substrate.

Abstract: An OLED device having two spaced electrodes including: first, second, and third light-emitting units disposed between the electrodes, the first light-emitting unit produces light that has multiple peaks at wavelengths longer than 500 nm and substantially no emission at wavelengths shorter than 480 nm, and the second and third light-emitting units produce light that has substantial emission at wavelengths shorter than 500 nm; intermediate connectors respectively disposed between the first and second light-emitting units, and between the second and third light-emitting units; and wherein the OLED device emits light with a color temperature greater than 7,000K.

Abstract: Apparatus for metering and vaporizing a particulate material, includes: a metering device having: a reservoir for receiving particulate material; a housing having an internal volume and having first and second openings; a rotatable shaft disposed in the internal volume, the shaft having a smooth surface and a circumferential groove; a rotating agitator with a plurality of tines disposed in the reservoir and cooperating with the rotating shaft for fluidizing particulate material and transporting it from the reservoir into the groove; cooperating such that particulate material is transported by the groove; a scraper cooperates with the groove to dislodge particulate material retained therein, and deliver metered amounts of particulate material through the second opening; the rotatable shaft and the scraper cooperates to fluidize the particulate material at the second opening; and a flash evaporator that flash vaporizes the received particulate material.