Abstract: A method of compensating for changes in the characteristics of transistors and electroluminescent devices in an electroluminescent display, includes: providing an electroluminescent display having a two-dimensional array of subpixels arranged forming each pixel having at least three subpixels of different colors, with each having an electroluminescent device and a drive transistor, wherein each electroluminescent device is driven by the corresponding drive transistor; providing in each pixel a readout circuit for one of the subpixels of a specific color having a first readout transistor and a second readout transistor connected in series; using the readout circuit to derive a correction signal based on the characteristics of at least one of the transistors in the specific color subpixel, or the electroluminescent device in the specific color subpixel, or both; and using the correction signal to adjust the drive signals.

Abstract: An electroluminescent (EL) subpixel, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) subpixel, is compensated for aging effects such as threshold voltage Vth shift, EL voltage Voled shift, and OLED efficiency loss. The drive current of the subpixel is measured at one or more measurement reference gate voltages to form a status signal representing the characteristics of the drive transistor and EL emitter of the subpixel. Current measurements are taken in the linear region of drive transistor operation to improve signal-to-noise ratio in systems such as modern LTPS PMOS OLED displays, which have relatively small Voled shift over their lifetimes and thus relatively small current change due to channel-length modulation. Various sources of noise are also suppressed to further increase signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A display device which effectively reduces the occurrences of a false contour is provided. A driver digitally drives each pixel by obtaining a plurality of bit data from pixel data for one pixel to assign the plurality of bit data to a corresponding subframe; configuring one frame with a predetermined number of unit frames; and supplying corresponding bit data in each unit frame to each pixel. Specifically, an analyzing circuit 5-5 predicts a probability of occurrence of a false contour in one screen of the video signal based on the presence or absence of a true contour. A display method based on the video signal is set in accordance with an analysis result.

Abstract: Inoperative or defective electroluminescent (EL) emitters in an EL display having a plurality of subpixels are detected. Current flow through a drive transistor in a subpixel is turned off, a selected test current is provided through the EL emitter in the subpixel using a current source, and the voltage at a second electrode of a readout transistor in the subpixel is measured to provide a status signal representative or characteristics of the selected EL emitter. The status signal for the subpixel is compared to the respective status signals of neighboring subpixels to determine whether the EL emitter in the subpixel is defective.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device including a cathode, an anode, and having therebetween a light-emitting layer including a boron complex represented by Formula (I), wherein: X represents hydrogen or a substituent; V1 through V8 represent hydrogen or an independently selected substituent, provided that adjacent substituents cannot join together to form an aromatic ring group and provided at least one of V2 and V3 represents a substituent; L1 and L2 represent independently selected substituents; and an anthracene compound containing an anthracene nucleus substituted in the 9- and 10-positions with independently selected aryl groups containing from 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and wherein the anthracene nucleus can be further substituted provided the anthracene nucleus does not contain an aromatic substituent in positions 1-8.

Abstract: A method of compensating image signals for driving an OLED display having a plurality of light-emitting elements having outputs that change with time or use, comprising the steps of: a) obtaining a measured or estimated first value of the current used by individual light-emitting elements in response to known image signals at a first time; b) specifying multiple groups of light-emitting elements at a second time, wherein at least one of the specified groups contains at least one light-emitting element common to another specified group; c) measuring total currents used by each of the specified groups in response to known image signals at a second time; d) forming an estimated second value of the current used by individual light-emitting elements based on the measured total currents, e) calculating correction values for individual light-emitting elements based on the difference between the first and second current values, and f) employing the correction values to compensate image signals for the changes in the

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device having a first and a second power supply; a respective power supply line for each row, wherein each power supply line is placed along a horizontal direction and is connected to the respective first electrodes of the driving TFTs of the pixels in the corresponding row; a plurality of switches, each connected to one or more power supply lines, for selectively connecting the corresponding one or more power supply lines to either the first or the second power supply; a gate driver for selecting a gate line; and a selecting circuit for controlling the plurality of switches, wherein the selecting circuit causes the power supply line corresponding to the selected gate line to be connected to the first power supply, and the one or more power supply lines not corresponding to the selected gate line to be connected to the second power supply.

Abstract: A display device having a hybrid drive including a substrate, a two-dimensional pixel array formed on the substrate, the pixels associated into a plurality of pixel groups. A separate set of group row electrodes and group column electrodes are connected to pixels in pixel groups, so that a single group row electrode together with a single group column electrode drives a single pixel. Two or more chiplets are located over the substrate within the pixel array, each chiplet associated with a pixel group and having connections to each of the associated group row electrodes and associated group column electrodes and having storage elements, the storage element storing a value representing a desired luminance for a pixel and the chiplet using such value to control the desired luminance of each pixel in its associated pixel group.

Abstract: A white light-emitting microcavity light-emitting diode device, comprising: a) A reflective electrode and a semi-transparent electrode formed over a substrate and an unpatterned white-light-emitting layer formed between the reflective electrode and the semi-transparent electrode, the reflective electrode, semi-transparent electrode, and unpatterned white-light-emitting layer forming an optical cavity. Either the reflective or semi-transparent electrode is patterned to form independently-controllable light-emitting sub-pixel elements. b) Color filters are formed over a side of the semi-transparent electrodes opposite the unpatterned white light-emitting-layer in correspondence with the independently-controllable light-emitting elements to form colored sub-pixels. At least one independently-controllable light-emitting element has at least two commonly-controlled portions that together emit substantially white light to form a white sub-pixel.

Abstract: A method of patterning a substrate that includes locating a single mask film over the substrate and forming first opening portions in first locations in the mask film. First electrical materials are deposited over the substrate and mask film to form patterned areas in the first locations. Second opening portions are formed in second locations different from the first locations in the mask film. Subsequently, second electrical materials are deposited over the substrate and mask film to form patterned areas in the first and second locations.

Abstract: Subpixels on an electroluminescent (EL) display panel, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panel, are compensated for initial nonuniformity (“mura”) and for aging effects such as threshold voltage Vth shift, EL voltage Voled shift, and OLED efficiency loss. The drive current of each subpixel is measured at one or more measurement reference gate voltages to form status signals representing the characteristics of the drive transistor and EL emitter of those subpixels. Current measurements are taken in the linear region of drive transistor operation to improve signal-to-noise ratio in systems such as modern LTPS PMOS OLED displays, which have relatively small Voled shift over their lifetimes and thus relatively small current change due to channel-length modulation. Various sources of noise are also suppressed to further increase signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A method of controlling an RGBW electroluminescent display system that receives a three-component input image signal having triplets of intensity values in an image range and a highlight range includes transforming at least one of the triplets having an intensity value within the image range to a four-or-more-component drive signal to produce a luminance less than the sum of the corresponding luminance values of the red, green and blue light-emitting elements and transforming at least one of the intensity values within a triplet having an intensity value within the highlight range to a four-or-more-component drive signal to produce a luminance greater than the sum of the corresponding luminance values of the red, green, and blue light-emitting elements.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus including a common substrate, a plurality of controlled electronic devices disposed over the common substrate, and a wiring layer having a plurality of conductors formed on the common substrate. A plurality of chiplets are located over the common substrate, each chiplet having an independent substrate separate from the common substrate, each independent substrate having a bottom side opposing a top side with one or more connection pads formed on the bottom side of the chiplet, and each chiplet including circuitry for controlling functions of one or more of the controlled electronic devices. The chiplets are adhered to the common substrate with the bottom side of the chiplet closer to the common substrate than the top side of the chiplet, and each connection pad is electrically connected to one of the plurality of conductors.

Abstract: A tiled display comprising: a plurality of display tiles aligned so that they provide the emissive image area; each display tile including: a plurality of light-emitting pixels arranged in groups of pixels; a plurality of sequentially arranged pixel drive circuits and each pixel drive circuit being electrically connected to a particular group of pixels for controlling the light emission of such pixels; one or more signal communication line(s) for providing data for controlling the operation of each pixel drive circuit; and each pixel drive circuit controlling the light emission of its corresponding group of pixels and providing information to the next sequential pixel drive circuit to cause such next sequential pixel drive circuit to respond to its corresponding data to control the operation of its group of light-emitting pixels and repeating this operation until a predetermined number of pixel drive circuits have caused the desired light emission.

Abstract: A method for selecting two different light-emitting materials for use in an OLED device, each of which produces different color light, which combine to produce white light. Each light emitting material has its own point on a chromaticity diagram, and the light-emitting materials are selected such that, when a line is drawn between the first point and the second point, it passes through a desired white area defined on a chromaticity diagram.

Abstract: In order to efficiently execute threshold value compensation for a driving transistor, a coupling capacitor (6) has one end connected to a data line (8). Another end of the coupling capacitor (6) is connected to a selection transistor (3) and one end of a reset transistor (4). A control terminal of a driving transistor (2) is connected to the other end of the selection transistor (3), and an organic EL element (1) is connected to this driving transistor via a light emission control transistor (5). A data voltage, corresponding to a gradation signal supplied to the data line (8), is written to a storage capacitor (7) via the coupling capacitor (6), and with the selection transistor (3) and the light emission control transistor (5) in an off state and the reset transistor (4) turned on, a compensation voltage corresponding to a degree of mobility of the driving transistor (2) is written to the coupling capacitor (6).

Abstract: A plurality of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) control circuits, each circuit comprising three electrodes, a first electrode, a second electrode independently controlled from the first electrode, and a third electrode is connected in common with the third electrode from another OLED control circuit and independently controlled from the first and second electrode. Given a first and second OLED, the first electrode is connected to a first terminal of the first OLED, the second electrode is connected to a second terminal of the first OLED and to a first terminal of the second OLED, and the third electrode is connected to a second terminal of the second OLED. At least one bypass transistor, responsive to a bypass signal, connects the second electrode and third electrode.

Abstract: A method for selecting two different light-emitting materials for use in an OLED device, each of which produces different color light, which combine to produce white light. Each light emitting material has its own point on a chromaticity diagram, and the light-emitting materials are selected such that, when a line is drawn between the first point and the second point, it passes through a desired white area defined on a chromaticity diagram.

Abstract: A light-emitting OLED device that includes one or more light-emitting OLED elements also includes first and second spaced-apart electrodes with one or more light-emitting organic layers formed there-between, at least one light-emitting organic layer being a light-emitting layer. At least one of the electrodes is a transparent electrode. A first hermetic inorganic encapsulating layer is formed over the transparent electrode opposite the light-emitting organic layer. A light-scattering layer is formed over the first hermetic inorganic encapsulating layer opposite the transparent electrode. An organic encapsulating layer is formed over the light-scattering layer opposite the first hermetic encapsulating layer. Finally, a second hermetic inorganic encapsulating layer is formed over the organic encapsulating layer opposite the light-scattering layer.

Abstract: A method of converting a three-or-more-color-component image input signal to an image output signal includes acquiring an input signal having a plurality of pixel signals, each pixel signal having three, or more, color components; determining a residual difference for each color component of each pixel signal; determining a limit value of the residual differences; calculating a common scale factor for each of the color components based upon the limit value; and applying the common scale factor to the image input signal to produce the image output signal.