Abstract: Synchronizing device in a motor vehicle gearbox, comprising a synchronizer hub (1), an engaging sleeve (2) non-rotatably but axially displaceably mounted on the hub, an outer and an inner synchronizing ring (8a, 13) on one side of the hub and a single synchronizing ring (8b) on the other side of the hub. The engaging sleeve has first, and second groups of internal teeth (4a, 4b), each group being divided into three sets of teeth and each set in one group adjoining a set in the other group. The outer synchronizing ring has three sets of blocker teeth (9a) facing the engaging sleeve teeth (4a) of the sets of the first group and lacks teeth in intermediate areas (19a), while said single synchronizing ring (8b) has three sets of blocker teeth (9b) facing the engaging sleeve teeth (4b) of the sets of the second group and lack teeth in intermediate areas (19b).

Abstract: A system is described for minimizing engine torque disturbances that would otherwise cause degraded drive feel by a vehicle driver. The system utilizes multiple torque transmission paths of a transaxle unit mounted to the engine. The system manipulates the torque transmitted by adjusting the clutches of multiple torque transmission paths so that the torque disturbance in the engine results in relatively constant vehicle drive torque. In one example, a potential torque increase due to a change in engine air-fuel ratio is minimized by transmitted torque through multiple transmission paths.

Abstract: A crush tube assembly for absorbing impact energy is provided. A first tube substantially free from convolutions is disposed about a second tube substantially free from convolutions. A third tube having convolutions is also disposed within the first tube, and may be interposed between the first and second tubes. The convolutions support the axial integrity, and minimize lateral bucking of the first and second tubes during the absorption of impact energy. Additional alternating layers of smooth and convoluted tubes may be alternatively disposed within the assembly to provide further strength and control for absorbing energy. A method for absorbing impact energy is also provided. The method includes the steps of providing a first tube substantially free from convolutions, disposing within said first tube a second tube substantially free from convolutions, interposing between said first and second tubes a third tube having convolutions; and impacting said first, second, and third tubes.

Abstract: A method for rapidly heating an emission control device in an engine exhaust uses excess air added to the exhaust via an air introduction device. After an engine cold start, the engine is operated to raise exhaust manifold temperature to a first predetermined value by operating the engine with a lean air-fuel ratio and retarded ignition timing. Once the exhaust manifold reaches the predetermined temperature value, the engine is switched to operate rich and air is added via the air introduction device. The added air and rich exhaust gas burn in the exhaust, thereby generating heat and raising catalyst temperature even more rapidly. The rich operation and excess air are continued until either engine airflow increases beyond a pre-selected value, or the emission control device reaches a desired temperature value. After the emission control device reaches the desired temperature, the engine is operated substantially around stoichiometry.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling operation of an engine coupled to an exhaust treatment catalyst. Under predetermined conditions, the method operates an engine with a first group of cylinders combusting a lean air/fuel mixture and a second group of cylinders pumping air only (i.e., without fuel injection). In addition, the engine control method also provides the following features in combination with the above-described split air/lean mode: idle speed control, sensor diagnostics, air/fuel ratio control, adaptive learning, fuel vapor purging, catalyst temperature estimation, default operation, and exhaust gas and emission control device temperature control. In addition, the engine control method also changes to combusting in all cylinders under preselected operating conditions such as fuel vapor purging, manifold vacuum control, and purging of stored oxidants in an emission control device.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling an electronically controlled throttle of an internal combustion engine. Driver demanded torque, &tgr;dd is determined. From said determined driver demanded torque, the time rate of change d(&tgr;dd)/dt in such determined driver demanded torque is determined. A control signal, &tgr;, to the electronically controlled throttle is provided, such provided control signal being a function of: a previously provided control signal to the electronically controlled throttle, &tgr;0; an offset, &Dgr;&tgr;, of the previously provided control signal, &tgr;0, from the determined driver demanded torque, &tgr;dd−&tgr;0; and the determined time rate of change d(&tgr;dd)/dt.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine having at least one automatically controllable airflow actuator and an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system including an EGR valve include determining a desired manifold pressure based at least in part on position of the automatically controllable airflow actuator and controlling the EGR valve such that a measured manifold pressure approaches the desired manifold pressure. In one embodiment, the automatically controllable airflow actuators include a charge motion control valve and a variable cam timing device. In other embodiments, the automatically controllable airflow actuators may include variable valve lift devices, variable valve timing devices, or any other device that affects the residual exhaust gases within the cylinders.

Abstract: A control system (18) has a roll angular rate sensor (34), a yaw angular rate sensor (28), a lateral acceleration sensor (32), a longitudinal acceleration sensor (36), and four wheel speed sensors (20). The controller (26) determines a relative pitch angle and relative roll angle using the lateral acceleration signal, the longitudinal acceleration signal and the roll rate signal; a first flatness index using the roll angular rate signal, the yaw angular rate signal, the relative roll angle and a relative pitch angle; a steady state pitch angle using the vehicle speed and the longitudinal acceleration, and a steady state roll angle using the lateral acceleration, speed, and yaw rate. The controller (26) determines a second flatness index using the steady state pitch angle, the relative pitch angle, the yaw rate, the steady state roll angle and a relative roll angle.

Abstract: A method for determining the existence of a “short time” type state within a vehicle control assembly 10. The method requires the measurement of the temperature 59 of engine coolant 16 at a first time 61 and the determination and/or the inferential creation of the temperature 60 of the engine coolant 16 at a second and later time 62. A “short time” type state is identified when the temperature 60 at the second time 62 is greater than or equal to the temperature 59 at the first time 61.

Abstract: A system is described for minimizing engine torque disturbances that would otherwise cause degraded drive feel by a vehicle driver. The system utilizes multiple torque transmission paths of a transaxle unit mounted to the engine. The system manipulates the torque transmitted by adjusting the clutches of multiple torque transmission paths so that the torque disturbance in the engine results in relatively constant vehicle drive torque. In one example, a potential torque increase at high speed and low airflow that may be cause using electronically actuated valves is compensated for using multiple paths of the transmission. In this way, relatively constant output torque can be maintained.

Abstract: A windshield washer system for an automotive vehicle includes a reservoir for holding windshield washer fluid, and an applicator system for furnishing washer fluid from the reservoir to an exterior surface of the vehicle. A heat transfer system recovers heat from a braking system of the vehicle and conveys the recovered heat to the washer fluid contained within the reservoir.

Abstract: A control system (13) for an automotive vehicle (10) includes a longitudinal accelerometer (24) that generates a longitudinal acceleration signal corresponding to a longitudinal acceleration of a center of gravity (COG) of the vehicle body. A lateral velocity sensor (22) generates a lateral velocity signal corresponding to the lateral velocity of the vehicle body. A controller (14) is coupled to the yaw rate sensor (18), the longitudinal accelerometer (24) and the lateral velocity sensor (22). The controller (14) determines a longitudinal speed from the longitudinal acceleration signal. The controller determines a vehicle pitch angle in response to the longitudinal speed, the yaw rate signal and the lateral velocity signal.

Abstract: An engine crankshaft torque observer (10) and method of operation. An engine combustion process (14) is modeled (26) to develop modeled pressure estimates of combustion chamber pressures in engine cylinders according to certain engine inputs, such as fuel (20), EGR (22), and timing (24), that influence combustion chamber pressures. Kinematics (16) relating reciprocal motion of pistons in the engine cylinders to an engine crankshaft and engine friction (18) relating running friction of the engine to engine crankshaft rotation are also modeled (28; 30). A processor processes the certain engine inputs through the combustion process model to develop modeled pressure estimates which are processed through the kinematics model to develop modeled positive torque contribution due to combustion processes and through the friction model to develop modeled torque loss due to running friction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an automotive frame assembly (10) includes an inner rail (12) having an exterior side (26) and an interior side (30). First, the exterior side (26) of the inner rail (12) has fixedly attached thereto at least one flange (24) extending from a cross member (20). At least one two-sided fastener (28) is operatively applied to the exterior side (26) and the interior side (30) of the inner rail (12) so as to fixedly attach the flange (24) to the inner rail (12). Thereafter, the interior side (30) of the inner rail (12) has fixedly attached thereto at least one lip (32) extending from an outer rail (12″). Likewise, at least one two-sided fastener (28) is operatively applied to the exterior side (26) and the interior side (30) of the inner rail so as to fixedly attach the lip (32) to the inner rail (12).

Abstract: An extruded bumper for a vehicle includes a top face, a bottom face generally opposing the top face, a front face, and a rear face generally opposing the front face. A bumper interior cavity is generally bounded by and defined between the top face, the bottom face, the front face, and the rear face. The bumper interior cavity has at least one partition located therein which is aligned in a longitudinal plane defined by a vehicle rail. The bumper can be extruded along either the x-axis or the z-axis.

Abstract: A method for determining the use of a block heater in an internal combustion engine and compensating for the effects that such heaters can have on an engine coolant sensor. The method uses measurements of ambient air temperature to determine if the use of a heater is likely and then compares the measured coolant temperature with an inferred coolant temperature to verify the usage of the block heater when the difference is significant. When use of a heater is detected, the value for coolant temperature initially supplied to the engine control system is compensated with a normalized coolant temperature value that is based on a functional relationship between the inferred engine temperature and the measured coolant temperature. Then as the mechanism of the engine begins to mechanically turn and the coolant is circulated, the normalized value of coolant temperature is filtered in a way that the normalized value approaches the temperature reading from the coolant sensor, as the starting process continues.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling temperature within a vehicle cabin include monitoring various temperature sensors to determine current operating conditions, determining a desired temperature or temperature range based on occupant input, dynamically estimating a temperature gradient based on changes in the current operating conditions over a predetermined time, predicting when the desired temperature or temperature range will be attained based on the gradient and the current operating conditions, and controlling a heating/cooling system based on the predicted time. Controlling the heating/cooling system may include shutting off the system at a predicted time, or turning on the system at a predicted time. The process of prediction can be linear, non-linear, or empirical, i.e., based on a table.

Abstract: Strategies other than immediate elimination of regenerative braking (FIG. 2) are invoked when an incipient wheel lock-up is detected, the ABS becomes active, and/or incipient wheel slip is detected. The strategies include: reducing the regenerative braking torque as a function of the coefficient of friction of a surface on which the vehicle is traveling (FIG. 3); and adjusting regenerative braking in relation to the rate at which wheel slip is changing (FIG. 4). Some of the strategies may be applied on an individual wheel basis (FIG. 5), and some of the strategies may be applied in conjunction with operating friction brakes of the vehicle to apply at least some of the reduction in regenerative braking torque as friction brake torque (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A method is provided for optimizing a rotating induction machine system fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy logic controller has at least one input and at least one output. Each input accepts a machine system operating parameter. Each output produces at least one machine system control parameter. The fuzzy logic controller generates each output based on at least one input and on fuzzy logic decision parameters. Optimization begins by obtaining a set of data relating each control parameter to at least one operating parameter for each machine operating region. A model is constructed for each machine operating region based on the machine operating region data obtained. The fuzzy logic controller is simulated with at least one created model in a feedback loop from a fuzzy logic output to a fuzzy logic input. Fuzzy logic decision parameters are optimized based on the simulation.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an output signal of a mass airflow (MAF) sensor in operative communication with an induction system of an internal combustion engine is provided. The method comprises the steps of determining an engine speed value, determining a maximum MAF output signal value at the engine speed value, detecting a mean MAF output signal value at the engine speed value, and correlating the MAF output signal with an airflow rate value as a function of the MAF output signal value, mean MAF output signal value and engine speed. The present invention is particularly suited to improving the MAF sensor output of internal combustion piston engines having pulsating airflow including gaseous-fueled engines.