Abstract: An automatic charging system for charging a vehicle for using an infrastructure delimited by a boundary during a charging period Tc based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) location with guaranteed performance. The system includes an onboard receiver with integrity guarantee which, in addition to providing position information, provides additional information relating to the error that can be expected in the position consisting of a health flag (denoting a Healthy/Unhealthy status), and a Radial Protection Level (RPL) relating to the amount limiting the horizontal position error according to one direction and with a probability equal to a known value IRx.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simulator for training in arthroscopic surgery on a joint of a simulated patient, comprising: a data processing unit (1); viewing means (2) for viewing the simulation exercise; a working platform (12); a human anatomy model (9) with arthroscopic portals (3) through which the user inserts the simulated arthroscopic instrument (10); two haptic devices (5a, 5b) arranged around the model (9) with a mobile member (6a, 6b), the end of which is provided with a guide (8a, 8b) for guiding the instrument that is inserted into the arthroscopic portals (3) during a simulated surgical procedure, each haptic device (5a, 5b) including means for synchronization with the control unit (1) and means for determining the position and orientation of the mobile members (6a, 6b); and a simulated arthroscopic camera (7). The data processing unit (1) is configured to send simulated images, as would be seen in a real operation, from the arthroscopic camera (7) to the viewing means (2) in real time.