Abstract: Sulfonated polyoxyalkylene ethers of the formulaR.sup.1 CH.sub.2 O--(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O--).sub.n (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O--).sub.m CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.3 CH.sub.2 --SO.sub.3 Xin which R.sup.1 is ##STR1## R2 is CH.sub.3 --, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 --, or C.sub.3 H.sub.7 --, R.sup.3 is H-- or CH.sub.3 --, X is H--, alkali metal or ammonium ion, n is 0 to 100, m is 0 to 50, and n+m is not less than 1. The compounds are prepared by adding a compound of formula HSO.sub.3 X in a known manner by a free radical reaction in the presence of catalysts and optionally at an elevated temperature to compounds of the formulaR.sup.1 CH.sub.2 O--(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O--).sub.n (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O--).sub.m CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.3 .dbd.CH.sub.2.The inventive compounds can be used as the only or a partial polyol component for the preparation of curable, polyurethane-based adhesives and increase the combined tensile and shear strength and the floating roller peel strength of the adhesive bonds.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is the hydrocarbon radical of a fatty acid with 16 to 18 carbon atoms, isostearic acid or a mixture thereof,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or the ##STR2## radical, x, y and z are whole numbersand the sum of x+y+z has a value from 50 to 60.The invention furthermore relates to the synthesis of these compounds as well as to the use of these compounds as thickening agents, especially for aqueous, surfactant-containing solutions and as solubilizing agents, especially for cosmetic preparations.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxanes that have betaine groups and the following general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 can represent the same or different groups in the molecule and may be an alkyl radical with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl radical or a polyoxyalkylene radical with the proviso that at least 70% of the R.sup.1 radicals are methyl radicals,R.sup.2 may be the same as R.sup.1, with the proviso that at least one R.sup.2 radical represents ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 is a divalent alkylene radical with 2 to 12 carbon atoms,R.sup.4 is a divalent alkylene radical with 2 to 6 carbon atoms,R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are the same or different and represent an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical, andn=1, 2, or 3,x has a value of 0 to 200, andy has a value of 1 to 50, as well as processes for their synthesis and their use in cosmetic preparations, especially in hair care products.

Abstract: A continuous process for the preparation of alkoxypolysiloxane in which silane or a silane mixture and a mixture of hydrogen chloride-containing alcohol and water is fed continuously into the lower region of preferably cylindrical stirred reactor, the reaction product formed together with excess hydrogen chloride-containing alcohol is drawn off continuously after residence time of 30 to 180 minutes at the upper end of the reactor and the undissolved, gaseous portion of hydrogen chloride is carried off at the head of the reactor, the temperature of the reaction mixture or the reaction product, as it flows through the reactor, being raised from a range of -17.degree. to +30.degree. C. to range of +30.degree. to +80.degree. C., the temperature gradient having to be at least 10.degree. C.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polyesters of improved dye affinity by reacting dicarboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives with a mixture of diols, consisting of a predominant amount of an alkylene glycol and 0.1 to 20 weight percent, based on the polyester, of a polyoxyalkylene ether of formulaR.sup.1 CH.sub.2 O--(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O--).sub.n (C.sub.3 H.sub.7 O--).sub.m CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.3 CH.sub.2 --SO.sub.3 Xin which ##STR1## R.sup.2 =CH.sub.3 --, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 --, C.sub.3 H.sub.7 --, R.sup.3 =H-- or CH.sub.3, X=H--, alkali or ammonium ion, n=0 to 100, m=0 to 50 and n+m is not less than 1, and polymers prepared therefrom.

Abstract: In a process of the preparation of flexible polyester urethane foams by reacting polyester polyols having at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule with at least difunctional polyisocyanates in the presence of water, optionally of physical blowing agents, catalysts, stabilizers and optionally of other conventional additives, the following two components are added for catalysis in the form of a mixture to the reaction formulation in the amounts given (which are based on the polyester polyol):(a) 0.2 to 1.5 weight percent of N,N'-dimethylpiperazine,(b) 0.05 to 0.5 weight percent of a polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymer of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a polyoxyalkylene radical of the general formula--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(C.sub.m H.sub.2m O).sub.n R.sup.2in whichR.sup.2 is an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms;m=2 or 3, the average value of m being 2 to 2.5:n=a whole number corresponding to a molecular weight for the R.sup.

Abstract: A backing sheet for the weathering-resistant coating of thin, plane backings in continuous presses without recooling comprising(A) a paper impregnated with curable melamine resin in an amount of 40 to 60 weight percent of aminoplast resin, based on the weight of the paper, in the dried state, and(B) a coating of curable acrylic resin on the impregnated paper in an amount of 60 to 150 g/m.sup.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## whereby, in the average molecule, 20 to 100% of the R.sup.1 radicals are ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 is an alkylphenyl, dialkylphenyl or trialkylphenyl radical and the sum of the alkyl carbon atom per phenyl radical is 6 to 12, a=1 to 2; and0 to 80% of the R.sup.1 radicals are ##STR3## in which R.sup.3 is an alkyl radical with 1 to 16 carbon atoms, an organoacyl radical with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl radical, b=1 to 2, c=1 to 30, andn=3 to 30, as well as melt spinning finishes comprising5 to 100 weight percent of the compounds of claim 1,0 to 90 weight percent of nonpolar or weakly polar oils,0 to 30 weight percent of nonionic surfactants,0 to 15 weight percent of ionic surfactants,and optional conventional additives, the sum of the components being 100 weight percent.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxanes with Bunte salt groups having the formula ##EQU1## the Bunte salt groups being linked to a silicon atom by way of a carbon atom and in whichR.sup.1 is methyl with the proviso that up to 10% of the R.sup.1 groups may be alkyl with up to 18 carbon atoms or vinyl phenyl, hydrogen or hydroxyl,R.sup.2 is the ##STR1## group or the ##STR2## group, in which one of the R.sup.3, R.sup.4 groups represents an OH group and the other an --S.sub.2 O.sub.3 Me group (Me=alkali or the optionally substituted ammonium group), whereby the R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 radicals can be hydroxyl or together the oxygen of an oxirane ring in an amount up to 50% of the R.sup.2 group,a has any value from 1 to 2.33 andb has any value from 0.02 to 1.The compounds can be synthesized from the corresponding organopolysiloxanes having epoxy groups by reaction with alkali or ammonium thiosulfate and used for the surface treatment of inorganic or organic materials, for example, textiles, paper or rock wool.

Abstract: A thermosetting adhesive containing as the active components(a) a copolymer which is obtained by the polymerization of(a.sub.1) 35 to 70 weight percent of one or more alkyl esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, with 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical,(a.sub.2) 20 to 45 weight percent of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile and/or vinyl acetate,(a.sub.3) 10 to 20 weight percent of one or more .omega.-hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid with 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical,(a.sub.4) 0 to 15 weight percent of acrylamide and/or methacrylamide, and(a.sub.5) 0 to 35 weight percent of acrylic or vinyl monomers, whose composition deviates from that of components (a.sub.1) and (a.sub.4), whereinthe sum of the monomers (a.sub.1) to (a.sub.5) amounts to 100 weight percent and the copolymer has a limiting viscosity of 0.05 to 0.6 (100 ml.multidot.g.sup.-1) at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: Semi-esters of polyisobutylenesuccinic acid having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a polyisobutylene radical with a molecular weight of 100 to 20,000,R.sup.2 andR.sup.3 are different from one another and one of these two radicals is a hydrogen radical and the other one of the groups ##STR2## in which R.sup.4, R.sup.5 is a hydrogen or methyl radical, andR.sup.6 is a methyl or ethyl radical.The invention furthermore relates to processes for synthesizing these compounds as well as to preparations which can be converted by radiation into adhesives.

Abstract: In a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams, polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymers having the formula ##STR1## are used, in which A represents polyoxyalkylene blocks A.sup.1 or A.sup.2 having the formula --R.sup.2 --O--(C.sub.m H.sub.2m O).sub.y R.sup.1, which are linked to silicon by an SiC bond and in which R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a bridging group, y is a whole number, and m has a value of 2.0 to 2.6, with the proviso that:a. the A.sup.1 blocks comprise 70 to 100 weight percent oxyethylene units, the remainder being oxypropylene units, and have a molecular weight from about 250 to 1,000,b. the A.sup.2 blocks comprise 35 to 65 weight percent oxyethylene units, the remainder being oxypropylene units, and have a molecular weight from about 600 to 1,500,c. the molar ratio of the A.sup.1 block to the A.sup.2 blocks is 85:15 to 15:85 and there is at least one block of A.sup.1 and block of A.sup.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for coating substrates which contains polymeric organic film formers containing a deaerating effective amount of a linear polymer having at least five side groups, each of which contains a silicon atom which is linked by way of a divalent hydrocarbon group to the polymer, each silicon atom carrying at least one R.sup.1 group of formulaO--[C.sub.n H.sub.2n O--].sub.x Qin which n is 2 to 8, x is 1 to 10 and Q is an alkyl radical with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl radical, an alkaryl radical, or an acyl radical with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and the sum of the carbon and oxygen atoms of R.sup.1 is not less than 5, as well as the linear polymers themselves. Methods for preparation of such materials are also disclosed as well as their use.

Abstract: Organosilicon-modified polydienes having the formula: ##STR1## in which Z represents a chain terminating group,R.sup.1 is a hydrogen or methyl radical,R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are lower alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which can be the same or different within the polymeric molecule,R.sup.5 is a methyl radical or the O--(R.sup.8 O--).sub.s --R.sup.4 group;R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 are alkylene radicals with 2 to 4 carbon atoms,C:O ratio ofR.sup.6 O is 2.25 to 3:1,R.sup.7 O is 2 to 2.75:1,R.sup.8 O is 2 to 3:1however, the difference between the C:O ratio of R.sup.6 O and R.sup.7 O must be at least 0.25, and the C:O ratio of R.sup.8 O must be less than that of R.sup.7 O or greater than that of R.sup.6 O,a is 0 to 2,0<b<3, whereby 0<a+b<3,p, q, s.gtoreq.2,x, y.gtoreq.0, andz.gtoreq.3.The invention furthermore relates to a process for the synthesis of these compounds as well as to their use as emulsion breakers for crude oil/water emulsions.

Abstract: A lubricant and release agent for the manufacture of tires containing as the active ingredient liquid polyoxypropylenediols or polyoxypropylenepolyoxyethylenediols or ethers of the diols, which liquid has a viscosity of at least 8000 mPa.times.sec. The use of the release agent of the present invention avoids the occurrence of defects in the interior surface of the vulcanized tire and improves the life of the rubber bags used in the unvulcanized carcass shell of the tire.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of betaines is disclosed, the betaines having the general formulaR.sup.1 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.x N.sup..sym. R.sup.2 R.sup.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.y COO.sup..crclbar.in whichR.sup.1 is the alkyl residue of a fatty acid with 6 to 18 carbon atoms,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and represent alkyl residues with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,x=2 or 3, andy=1, 2 or 3.The betaines are prepared by quaternizing fatty acid amides having the formulaR.sup.1 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.x NR.sup.2 R.sup.3with .omega.-halogenalkylcarboxylic acids having the formulaX(CH.sub.2).sub.y COOHwherein X is a halogen residue, and carrying out the quaternization at a pH of 7.5 to 10.5 measured at 98.degree. C. The reaction product obtained from the process is essentially free of unreacted amides and organically linked chlorine and thus avoids the skin irritations normally associated with compounds in which such betaines are used.

Abstract: Heat-curable vehicles and a process for their preparation which can be diluted with water after neutralization, by the partial reaction of a low molecular weight alkoxysiloxane with a low molecular weight polyol having carboxyl groups and at least two hydroxyl groups. The vehicle dissolves in water, optionally in the presence of slight amounts of auxiliary solvents, highly concentrated solutions being obtained with a solids content of 80 weight percent or higher, yet a relatively low viscosity.

Abstract: A composition for making building materials water-repellent, before or after they are shaped, the composition containing organoalkoxysiloxanes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl or aryl radical, R.sup.2 is an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a=0.8 to 1.5, and b is not greater than 2. The composition contains(a) 1 to 20% by weight of a mixture of organoalkoxypolysiloxanes of the aforementioned formula, 25 to 75% weight of organoalkoxysiloxanes having a b-value of 0.1 to 0.5 (siloxanes A) and 75 to 25% by weight of the organopolysiloxanes having a b-value 0.8 to 2.0 (siloxanes B), and in which the sum of a and b is not greater than 3,(b) 80 to 90% by weight of a water immiscible solvent and, if necessary,(c) known condensation catalysts.The organoalkoxysiloxane mixture has a surprisingly increased stability on alkaline walling. At the same time, a high depth of penetration and good surface effectiveness are observed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of highly resilient, cold-curing polyurethane foams with the distinctive feature that polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymers with the following characteristics are used as foam stabilizers:(a) the polysiloxane block is linear or branched and contains an average of 4 to 25 silicon atoms, wherein the organic radicals linked to the silicon atoms are polyoxyalkylene or methyl radicals and up to 30% of the methyl radicals can be replaced by substituted alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and/or phenyl radicals, and mixtures thereof;(b) the polyoxyalkylene portion consists of at least two polyoxyalkylene blocks, A.sub.1 and A.sub.2, which are formed from oxyethylene and oxypropylene units, wherein block A.sub.1 is formed from 45 to 100 mole percent of oxyethylene units and 55 to 0 mole percent of oxypropylene units and block A.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a defoaming agent. The active compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein z=a whole number from 1 to 3;R.sup.1 =a hydrocarbon radical having a functionality of z, and when z is l, a hydrogen radical;R.sup.2 =hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, --CONHR.sup.3, ##STR2## or a --SiR.sub.3.sup.3 radical, in which at most 100/z % of all R.sup.2 radicals may be hydrogen radicals;R.sup.3 =a monofunctional hydrocarbon radical;R.sup.4 =a linear alkyl radical with an average of 4 to 16 carbon atoms, a methyl, or hydrogen radical, in which case, however, no more than 90 mole percent of the R.sup.4 radicals may be methyl or hydrogen radicals; andn=is a whole number not less than 2.