Abstract: This invention relates to a foil having an adhesion promoting layer overlying at least one side of said foil. The adhesion promoting layer is suitable for enhancing adhesion between the foil and another substrate. The adhesion promoting layer is derived from a composition comprising silanes (A) and (B).Silane (A) is at least one compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein G.sup.1, G.sup.2, G.sup.3, G.sup.4, G.sup.5 and G.sup.6 are independently halogen, hydrocarbyloxy, or hydroxy groups; R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon group or nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon group; and n is zero or 1.Silane (B) is at least one compound represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is an organofunctional group, said organofunctional group being reactive with or having an affinity for said another substrate; and G.sup.7, G.sup.8 and G.sup.9 are independently halogen, hydrocarbyloxy, or hydroxy groups.

Abstract: A plurality of substituted styrene monomers, for example, urea substituted, is disclosed as well as polymers and copolymers made therefrom. Various thermoset plastic components can be reacted with the monomers, polymers, or copolymers of these substituted styrenes, as for example epoxy, which form a crosslinked system useful as an adhesive or a fiber reinforced substrate for circuit boards. The monomers are made by reacting aminostyrene type monomers with isocyanate containing molecules.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously forming primed circuits, the apparatus including a cylindrical drum rotatable about a generally vertical axis and a tank for holding an electrolytic plating solution. The tank is dimensioned to surround a lower portion of the drum and immerse the lower portion of the drum in the electrolytic plating solution. Means for introducing electrolytic solution into the tank are provided, and a plurality of metallic anodes are disposed within the tank surrounding and facing the lower portion of the drum defining a generally uniform gap therebetween. A plurality of cathodes are disposed above the tank and facing an upper portion of the drum, the cathodes being biased toward the drum. The apparatus is adapted to receive a movable continuous flexible web having a thin layer of conductive metal on one side thereof. The metal layer is masked to expose a plurality of patterns aligned along the web and a continuous strip of exposed metal along one edge of the web.

Abstract: This invention relates to electrodeposited copper foil having an elongation measured at 180.degree. C. in excess of about 5.5%, an ultimate tensile strength measured at 23.degree. C. in excess of about 60,000 psi, and a matte-side R.sub.tm in the range of about 4.5 to about 18 .mu.m. This invention also relates to a process for making electrodeposited copper foil which comprises: preparing a copper deposition bath comprising water, copper ions and sulfate ions, said bath containing less than about 20 ppm chloride ions; and applying electric current to said bath to electrodeposit copper from said bath using a current density in the range of about 200 to about 3000 amps per square foot.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an electrodeposited copper foil having a matte-side raw foil R.sub.tm of about 4 to about 10 microns, an ultimate tensile strength measured at 23.degree. C. in the range of about 55,000 to about 80,000 psi, an elongation measured at 23.degree. C. of about 6% to about 25%, an ultimate tensile strength measured at 180.degree. C. in the range of about 30,000 psi to about 40,000 psi, an elongation measured at 180.degree. C. of about 4% to about 15%, and a thermal stability of less than about -20%. The invention is also directed to a process for making the foregoing foil, the process comprising: (A) preparing an electrolyte solution comprising copper ions, sulfate ions, chloride ions at a concentration of about 1.2 to about 4.5 ppm, at least one organic additive at a concentration of about 0.4 to about 20 ppm, and at least one impurity at a concentration of about 0.

Abstract: A plurality of substituted styrene monomers, for example, urea substituted, is disclosed as well as polymers and copolymers made therefrom. Various thermoset plastic components can be reacted with the monomers, polymers, or copolymers of these substituted styrenes, as for example epoxy, which form a crosslinked system useful as an adhesive or a fiber reinforced substrate for circuit boards. The monomers are made by reacting aminostyrene type monomers with isocyanate containing molecules.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrodeposition of metal comprising an anode assembly and a moving cathode having a plating surface. The anode assembly and the cathode are spaced apart a predetermined distance to define an interelectrode gap therebetween. The anode assembly is comprised of an anode cradle having a non-conductive surface of a predetermined contour facing the cathode, and a plurality of deformable metallic anodes of general uniform thickness. The anodes have a configuration which nearly conforms to the contour of the non-conductive surface of the anode cradle. The deformable anodes are secured to the anode cradle such that the anodes are deformed into mating engagement with the non-conductive surface of the anode cradle to conform to the predetermined contour thereof. Means are provided for connecting the anodes to a source of electrical power.

Abstract: An anode adapted to be immersed in an electrolytic solution adjacent a moving cathode. The anode is comprised of an electrical conductive grid which is clad with an insoluble metal. The grid has a plurality of anode mounting surfaces formed thereon; the mounting surfaces being formed of an insoluble, conductive metal and being in electrically conductive engagement with the conductive grid. The mounting surfaces are dimensioned to position and support side-by-side a plurality of relatively thin insoluble metal anode plates. The anode plates are shaped to be mounted to the mounting surfaces by the lateral edges thereof wherein current may be applied to the anode plates through the mounted edges. The anode plates are dimensioned such that they form a generally continuous anode surface which conforms to the moving cathode.

Abstract: The frequency divider of the present invention includes one or more regulated digital divider circuits, each of which is made up of a finite state machine such as a general purpose counter. The regulated digital divider circuits can be cascaded such that the frequency divider provides a high degree of precision within only a few stages, regardless of the division ratio. The frequency divider has an output duty cycle which is adjustable so as to provide a more useful output than existing frequency dividers. Moreover, the frequency divider can be implemented using simple logic circuitry and virtually any architecture.

Abstract: A fuse holder including an insulative housing with integral recesses for receiving portions of a rail and a sliding locking member that slides on the housing between a locked position in which the fuse holder is retained on the rail and a mounting position in which the fuse holder can be mounted on or removed from the rail, the sliding locking member being biased toward the locked position via a resilient cantilevered tab of the sliding locking member and maintainable in the mounting position via snap in engagement with a notch on the housing, the sliding locking member having side walls with bent taps which form lips resting on a recessed shelf surface of the housing.

Abstract: A fuse that includes a tubular member made from insulative material, end block portions made from insulative material, a spanner joining together the end block portions, terminals extending through openings in the end block portions, and a fusible element having ends connected to both of the terminals. Each of the terminals has an internal portion inside the tubular member to which a fusible element is attached, an external portion outside of the tubular member, and a middle portion between the internal and external portions and located within one of the openings of the end block portions.

Abstract: A fuse that includes an insulative housing, terminals extending through gaps in the bottom of the housing, and a fusible element having ends connected to both of the terminals. The housing includes a four-sided box that is closed at the top and open on the bottom, and a lid for closing the open bottom of the box that is smaller than the open bottom of the box so that, when the lid is in place, two gaps are formed in the bottom and at opposite ends of the housing.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte cell and method for producing it in which the cell components are assembled within a ceramic frame which is closed on the top by a first terminal of the cell using a solder seal and closed on the bottom by a second terminal of the cell using a solder seal and said second terminal having the opposite polarity to that of the first terminal.

Abstract: A terminal assembly for a fuse using multiple end plate pieces to collar a terminal element around a neck portion, the end plate pieces being attached to a housing.

Abstract: A panel mount fuse assembly that includes a body made of insulative material and having an open end, a closed end, and a sidewall. A body contact made of conductive material is located at the open end of the body. The body contact has a cylindrical portion in which a fuse can be inserted. Located on the cylindrical portion are both helical threads for mating with a cap contact having threads and one of a set of radial extensions and interlocking passages for mating with a cap contact having the other of a set of radial extensions and interlocking passages. The fuse assembly can be used with both threaded caps and caps having either radial extensions or interlocking passages. An end contact made of conductive material is located at the closed end of the body. The end contact can have a terminal shaft portion extending through a peripheral opening in the body and a transverse portion extending to one side of the terminal shaft portion.

Abstract: A flexible sensor assembly for detecting optical pulses in which said sensor assembly comprises a flexible printed circuit having mounted thereon at least one light emitting diode and at least one photoelectric detector connected to different circuit patterns with an insulative tape secured over the circuit and components and wherein the flexible sensor is adapted to be folded so that the photoelectric detector can be spaced from and disposed over the light emitting diode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously forming printed circuits, the apparatus including a cylindrical drum rotatable about a generally vertical axis and a tank for holding an electrolytic plating solution. The tank is dimensioned to surround a lower portion of the drum and immerse the lower portion of the drum in the electrolytic plating solution. Means for introducing electrolytic solution into the tank are provided, and a plurality of metallic anodes are disposed within the tank surrounding and facing the lower portion of the drum defining a generally uniform gap therebetween. A plurality of cathodes are disposed above the tank and facing an upper portion of the drum, the cathodes being biased toward the drum. The apparatus is adapted to receive a movable continuous flexible web having a thin layer of conductive metal on one side thereof. The metal layer is masked to expose a plurality of patterns aligned along the web and a continuous strip of exposed metal along one edge of the web.

Abstract: Electrodeposited planar resistive layers are disclosed, which may be combined with conductive layers and insulative layers to produce laminates useful in the preparation of printed circuit boards. The resistive layers are prepared by electroplating from an electroplating bath containing a source of a normally conductive metal component and a source of a non-metallic resistance increasing additive. Planar resistors may be produced which have sheet resistances in the range of from about 15 to about 1000 .OMEGA. per square.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new and improved titanium metal drum cathode for use in the production of metal foils and a novel method of making the same. The method includes the steps of welding together the ends of a strip of titanium that has been roll formed into a cylinder. During the welding operation some of the weld beads that form the weld are hot peened immediately upon solidification. Upon complete formation of the weld, the formed and welded trip of titanium is subjected to a heat treating cycle that includes a double anneal. Preferably, the strip of titanium metal and the weld metal that is used to form the weld both comprise an addition agent such as yttria.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a surface treatment to a metal foil comprising a drum rotatable about a generally horizontal axis for guiding a continuous metal foil about a predetermined path;anode means adapted to contain electrolyte solution, the anode means having a smooth, generally upward facing anode surface defining a cylindrical cavity, which cavity is dimensioned to surround a portion of the drum and to define an annular gap between the smooth surface and the drum, a predetermined portion of the predetermined path of the metal foil extending through the gap; inlet means for creating a continuous flow of electrolyte through the gap; and power means connected to the foil and the anode to create an electrical potential across the foil and smooth surface of the anode means.