Abstract: An optoelectronic package for measuring distance, tip, and tilt of an object relative to a detector. The optoelectronic package comprises a carrier; a photodiode element (photodiode elements) located on the carrier and having a center opening; a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) located in the center opening and directing light rays toward the object; and an interference generating optical element positioned between the photodiode element and the object. Light passes through the optical element from the VCSEL creating a ring of measured light which reflects off the surface of the object and combines with a ring of reflecting reference light to produce interference fringes on the photodediode elements with varying light intensity, which correspond to displacement and angular tip and tilt of the surface of the object. The measurement of these variations will be interpreted by a computational element to produce a value of distance, tip, and tilt of the object.

Abstract: An optical detector system providing electrical output signals. The system includes an apertured surface and a transparent window, with a metasurface on the window's opposite side. The metasurface imparts spatially varying phase delay and/or amplitude or polarization modulation to deflect ILR based on their angle of incidence, producing exiting light rays. These rays are detected by a two-dimensional tetralateral position-sensing detector (TLD) with a single resistive photo-absorption layer and four electrodes. The TLD generates X-Y position signals proportional to the azimuth and elevation of the incoming ILR. A computer may be included to calculate these angular values from the position signals.