Abstract: Method for producing flexographic printing plates from a photopolymerizable flexographic printing plate with a dimensionally stable support, photopolymerizable, relief-forming layer(s), and a digitally imagable layer. The method comprises (a) producing a mask by imaging the digitally imagable layer, (b) exposing the flexographic printing plate with a plurality of UV-LEDs on a UV-LED strip through the mask with actinic light, and photopolymerizing the image regions of the layer, and (c) developing the photopolymerized layer. In the UV-LED strip or in a separate strip, at least one ultrasonic sensor is arranged for determining the thickness of the flexographic printing plate for exposure. Depending on the measured thickness of the flexographic printing plate, the exposing of the flexographic printing plate is controlled in respect of: (i) number of exposure steps, exposure intensity, energy input per exposure step, duration of the individual exposure steps, and/or overall duration of exposure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing amides or polyamides by replacing isocyanate starting materials of a catalyzed thermal reaction with aromatic carbamates. Through the catalyzed thermal process involving a non-isocyanate precursor of the present invention, efficiency for producing amides or polyamides can be significantly improved, and the impure side products produced from a side reaction of isocyanate can be greatly curtailed. Hence, amides or polyamides of high purity and yield can be achieved. The invention also relates to a process for preparing aromatic carbamates, the new non-isocyanate precursors for amides or polyamides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to using a two-step (thermolysis) or one-pot process to prepare aliphatic diisocyanates from aliphatic diamines and diaryl carbonates. Polyisocyanates can also be prepared from polyamines and diaryl carbonates. The present synthetic processes do not apply phosgene or highly toxic reagents and chloro-solvents during the entire procedure.

Abstract: A preparation of aryl carbamates can be achieved readily by carbonylation of an aromatic polyamine compound with diphenyl carbonate (DPC) using a combination of an organic acid and a tertiary amine as a catalyst. Aryl carbamate can be converted into 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) by heating it at about 200 to about 230° C. in a non-polar solvent containing inhibitor such as benzoyl chloride. In another application, trans-ureation of biscarbamates with an amine or mixed amines is found to be extremely facile in a polar solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tetramethylene sulfone (TMS) in absence of any catalyst to make polyurea polymers of high molecular weights. Thus, efficient green-chemistry processes based on biscarbamates in making isocyanate products as well as urea prepolymers, urea elastomers and urea plastics have been developed in all in excellent yields without using reactive phosgene or 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate separately in the trans-ureation polymerizations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a waterborne polyurethane containing biodegradable segments and the process for synthesizing the same. The waterborne polyurethane according to the present invention has excellent biodegradable, biocompatible and mechanical characteristics and thus is a useful biomedical material, in particular for making films for medical applications.

Abstract: A method for improving an adhesion of an adhesive to a cured silicon-containing surface is provided. The method comprises applying a primer composition to the surface before applying the adhesive; and subjecting the surface to a plasma treatment before or after the composition is applied thereto; wherein the primer composition comprises a polar organic solvent, an acrylic monomer, and an amino-containing silane.

Abstract: A preparation of aryl carbamates can be achieved readily by carbonylation of an aromatic polyamine compound with diphenyl carbonate (DPC) using a combination of an organic acid and a tertiary amine as a catalyst. Aryl carbamate can be converted into 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) by heating it at about 200 to about 230° C. in a non-polar solvent containing inhibitor such as benzoyl chloride. In another application, trans-ureation of biscarbamates with an amine or mixed amines is found to be extremely facile in a polar solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tetramethylene sulfone (TMS) in absence of any catalyst to make polyurea polymers of high molecular weights. Thus, efficient green-chemistry processes based on biscarbamates in making isocyanate products as well as urea prepolymers, urea elastomers and urea plastics have been developed in all in excellent yields without using reactive phosgene or 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate separately in the trans-ureation polymerizations.

Abstract: A method for improving an adhesion of an adhesive to a cured silicon-containing surface is provided. The method comprises applying a primer composition to the surface before applying the adhesive; and subjecting the surface to a plasma treatment before or after the composition is applied thereto; wherein the primer composition comprises a polar organic solvent, an acrylic monomer, and an amino-containing silane.

Abstract: A primer composition for a cured silicon-containing surface and its uses are provided. The composition comprises a polar organic solvent, an acrylic monomer, and an amino-containing silane having a formula of (R1O)x(R2)ySiR3NHR4, wherein each R1 independently represents H, C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, or aryl, each R2 independently represents H, O, C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, or aryl, R3 represents divalent C1-C6 hydrocarbonyl being substituted or unsubstituted with one or more aryl rings and the carbon atom chain of the hydrocarbonyl can be inserted with one or more aryl rings, R4 represents H, C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, amino-C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, or phenylamino, and x is 0, 1, 2 or 3, y is 0, 1 or 2, and the sum of x and y is 3. The amount of the acrylic monomer ranges from about 0.01 wt % to about 25 wt %, while the amount of the amino-containing silane ranges from about 1 wt % to about 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for synthesizing polyimides by a sequential self-repetitive reaction between poly (aryl carbodiimide) (p-CDI) or aryl diisocyanates with dianhydrides.

Abstract: Disclosed are a macrocyclic carbodiimide (MC-CDI) and a process for synthesizing the same through condensation of a molecule with multiple-isocyanate terminal functional groups under high dilution in the presence of a phospholene catalyst such as phospholene or arsenic catalyst. Also disclosed are MC-CDI derivatives, such as MC-urea (MC-U), MC-acylurea (MC-ACU), acid functionalized MC-ACU, and anhydride functionalized MC-ACU, processes for synthesizing the same, and the applications of such derivatives as hydrolysis stabilizers in organic polymeric materials, such as polyurethane (PU) and polyesters, as well as the applications in the syntheses of the amide- and imide-modified polyurethane by ring-opening reaction of the MC-ACU.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water dispersible polyisocyanate composition bearing urea comprising (a) an aliphatic polyisocyanate or a mixture of aliphatic polyisocyanates or a mixture of aliphatic polyisocyanates with other polyisocyanates; and (b) a reaction product of component (a) with component (c) a polyoxyalkylene amine or a mixture of a polyoxyalkylene amine and a polyoxyalkylene alcohol. The present invention also relates to a water dispersible polyisocyanate composition bearing urea and urea derivatives which is obtained by heating the above composition bearing urea for conducting a subsequent reaction, to increase the numbers of isocyanate functional groups contained in said composition, wherein the urea derivatives include biuret, triuret and tetrauret, and most of them are biuret.

Abstract: A primer composition for a cured silicon-containing surface and its uses are provided. The composition comprises a polar organic solvent, an acrylic monomer, and an amino-containing silane having a formula of (R1O)x(R2)ySiR3NHR4, wherein each R1 independently represents H, C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, or aryl, each R2 independently represents H, O, C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, or aryl, R3 represents divalent C1-C6 hydrocarbonyl being substituted or unsubstituted with one or more aryl rings and the carbon atom chain of the hydrocarbonyl can be inserted with one or more aryl rings, R4 represents H, C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, amino-C1-C12 hydrocarbonyl, or phenylamino, and x is 0, 1, 2 or 3, y is 0, 1 or 2, and the sum of x and y is 3. The amount of the acrylic monomer ranges from about 0.01 wt % to about 25 wt %, while the amount of the amino-containing silane ranges from about 1 wt % to about 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing high performance aliphatic-aromatic mixed waterborne polyurethanes (PUs). Waterborne PUs prepared from mixed aromatic diisocyanates and aliphatic diisocyanates exhibit superior mechanical properties as compared with those prepared from aliphatic diisocyanates alone.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for synthesizing polyimides by a sequential self-repetitive reaction between poly (aryl carbodiimide) (p-CDI) or aryl diisocyanates with dianhydrides.

Abstract: Disclosed are a macrocyclic carbodiimide (MC-CDI) and a process for synthesizing the same through condensation of a molecule with multiple-isocyanate terminal functional groups under high dilution in the presence of a phospholene catalyst such as phospholene or arsenic catalyst. Also disclosed are MC-CDI derivatives, such as MC-urea (MC-U), MC-acylurea (MC-ACU), acid functionalized MC-ACU, and anhydride functionalized MC-ACU, processes for synthesizing the same, and the applications of such derivatives as hydrolysis stabilizers in organic polymeric materials, such as polyurethane (PU) and polyesters, as well as the applications in the syntheses of the amide- and imide-modified polyurethane by ring-opening reaction of the MC-ACU.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water dispersible polyisocyanate composition comprising (a) an aliphatic polyisocyanate or a mixture of aliphatic polyisocyanates or a mixture of aliphatic polyisocyanates with other polyisocyanates; and (b) a reaction product of component (a) with a component selected from the group consisting of: (ii) a polyether diol or triol or a mixture thereof wherein a weight ratio of ethylene oxide (EO) to propylene oxide (PO) of the polyether diol and triol is greater than about 60:40, and the polyether diol has a molecular weight of about 300 to 1600 g/mole, and the polyether triol has a molecular weight of about 450 to 2400 g/mole; and (ii) a mixture of polyether monol and polyether polyol, wherein the polyether polyol is selected from the group consisting of polyether diol, triol and a mixture thereof wherein a weight ratio of EO to PO of the polyether monol, diol and triol is greater than about 60:40, and the polyether diol and triol have the molecular weights as defined abo

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive thermosetting resin, which has more than two of ethylenically double bonds and carboxyl functional groups in one molecule thereof. The invention also relates to a solder resist ink composition, including (A) the above photosensitive thermosetting resin, (B) a photo-polymerization initiator, and (C) a thermo-hardener. The solder resist ink composition is suitably applied to a printed circuit board, and has excellent photosensitivity, solder resistance, electrical corrosion resistance, insulating properties and adhesion to copper foil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water dispersible polyisocyanate composition comprising

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel styrene-anhydride copolymer containing amido group, which comprises the following repeating units (I) and (II): wherein R represents a residue of (meth)acrylate monomer containing hydroxyl group; R1 and R2 are the same or different and each represents a C1-6 alkyl group, or R1 and R2 are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they attach to form a 5- to 6-member heterocyclic group containing nitrogen. The present invention also relates to process for producing the above copolymer and to the use of the copolymer as a photo resist in an alkaline soluble development of an irradiative reaction and as a solder resistant photo resist in printed circuit boards.