Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the flow of combustion air, fuel and products of combustion in a heater and equalizing radiant heat flux by providing a structure on one or more of the heater walls that attaches the boundary layer and main flow to the heater wall and increases wall surface area and view angles.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method whereby flameless combustion is precipitated and maintained in a combustion chamber having a surface that is either convex, concave, straight or any combination thereof without the need for catalysts or high temperature oxidants. The apparatus allows the combustion chamber to operate in a conventional combustion mode and a flameless combustion mode. The method provides for hot air and fuel gas to both be inerted prior to their mixing so long as their blend temperatures are within the 1000° F. to the 1400° F. range. The inert hot air and the inert fuel gas flow side by side along the chamber's internal surface so that the two gases mix more uniformly, thereby allowing flameless combustion at lower temperatures resulting in low NOx, emissions.