Abstract: Processes are described for the preparation of PI3K inhibitor, GDC-0032, Formula I, having the structure: and intermediates useful for the preparation of I.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to, in part, modules that allow for the exchange of a fluid such as a liquid or gas to and/or from a growing medium or surface and systems and methods comprising same. In one embodiment, there is provided an apparatus for directing the flow of a fluid passing through a growing medium, the apparatus comprising: a top having a plurality of perforations, a base that is positioned adjacent and substantially parallel to the top, thereby defining a cavity for passage of fluid therein, and a plurality of supports interposed between the top and the base, the supports maintaining the height of the cavity and being sufficient in number, size, and physical properties as to permit the top to support the weight of the medium and activity above the medium.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for killing and controlling pests by using cocktails of plant alkaloids. In one embodiment, the pesticidal composition comprises: anabasine; and one or more plant alkaloids selected from the group consisting of toosendanin, azadirachtin, tomatine, nicotine, matrine, oxymatrine, sophocarpine, N-oxysophocarpine, cytisine, and aloperine. The pesticide can be used to protect crop plants, wood structures and animals from damages by harmful pests, overcome resistance of pests to current commercial pesticides, and reduce contamination to the environment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a horticulturally diverse garden for growing botanicals having a plurality of transportable modules, at least two of which provide differing microenvironments. The modules can comprise various soil compositions such that a variety of diverse botanicals can grow and thrive in close proximity. The present invention also provides for a garden which is irrigated from below the modules. The garden can also be heated or cooled underground. The present invention can also comprise a flexible plastic film or other transparent enclosure covering the top of the garden or modules. The modules may also comprise a synthetic surface.