Abstract: An optical detector device includes a housing with a projecting neck that is closed off towards the outside by a light-transmissive pane, under which at least one optical waveguide that tapers in the direction of an optical sensor is disposed. An optical waveguide arrangement has a plurality of optical waveguides which are retained in the neck by a holding mechanism.

Abstract: In a method for calibrating at least one detector array formed by a plurality of detectors that is exposed to a high-energy, fan-shaped expanding radiation emanating from an approximately point-like energy source, serving the penetration of a material for measuring physical properties due to the absorption capacity of the material, it is provided that at least two in each case homogeneously formed calibration bodies whose gradually differing absorption is designed in a way that the absorption capacity of the one calibration body is lower and the one of the other calibration body is higher than the absorbance capacity of the material to be measured.

Abstract: In a method for calibrating at least one detector array formed by a plurality of detectors that is exposed to a high-energy, fan-shaped expanding radiation emanating from an approximately point-like energy source, serving the penetration of a material for measuring physical properties due to the absorption capacity of the material, it is provided that at least two in each case homogeneously formed calibration bodies whose gradually differing absorption is designed in a way that the absorption capacity of the one calibration body is lower and the one of the other calibration body is higher than the absorbance capacity of the material to be measured.

Abstract: A device is disclosed which detects and evaluates electromagnetic radiation from an area or region. The device includes two measuring chains, and a control and evaluation unit. Each measuring chain has a head forming a boundary surface for the area and is provided with a transmitter and a receiver. In order to test the device, a test signal is emitted via the transmitter of one measuring chain and is reflected on the boundary surface. The reflected portion is received by the receiver of the same measuring chain and is transmitted to the control and evaluation unit. The portion transmitted is received via the boundary surface of the receiver of the opposite measuring chain and is transmitted to the control and evaluation unit. The comparison of the two signals provides statements relating to the contamination of the boundary surfaces, the state of the area and the functioning of the measuring chains.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring device, which allows the thickness of an elongated, panel-type workpiece, lying on a reference plane and traveling along the reference plane, to be continuously recorded. The measuring device is provided with a guide shoe, which is bath-shaped and open at the top and is pivotally mounted in a machine frame on parallelogram-shaped steering elements. A measuring roller, which projects slightly out of a cavity in a base section that runs parallel to the reference plane, is located inside the guide shoe. The measuring roller is supported in the interior of the guide shoe by rollers on both sides of the recess. The measuring roller is in contact with the reference plane and after a deflection of the guide shoe, comes into contact with the measuring surface of the workpiece, a measured value that represents the thickness being derived from the deflection.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for smoothing out the surface weight distribution of one or multilayer mats containing lignocellulose and/or cellulose with a binding agent dispersed therein for manufacturing of shaped articles, in particular in the form of wood chipboard, wood fiberboard or the like, wherein at least one vertically adjustable reverse brushing unit which extends over the width of the web is associated with a mat carrier which is fed via at least one scattering head. This apparatus is characterized, above all, by the reverse brushing unit comprising at least one vertically adjustable brushing roller having flexible bristles of a plastic material such as polypropylene, Teflon or the like which cooperates with a cleaning brush or a cleaning strip.

Abstract: The timber (2) passes in a direction of movement (3) between successive clamping roller pairs (27, 26), between which a test roller (48) imposes a flexible bending f.sub.D on the timber (2). The imposed flexible bending f.sub.D is maintained at least approximately constant by controlling a setting drive (70) by means of a computer (83). Any possible natural curvature of the timber (2) is measured by measuring elements (80, 81) and is taken into account. The thickness (d) of the timber is also measured without contact by measuring elements (81, 82). The restoring force is measured by a force measuring device (68) and the position of the test roller (48) transversely to the direction of movement (3) is measured by a distance transducer (77).

Abstract: A process for preparing shaped articles comprises the steps of:(a) mixing a water curable binder with vegetable particulate material to form a first mixture, the moisture content of said first mixture being insufficient to cure said binder prior to said mixture being placed in a mold;(b) feeding said first mixture to a mold having molding plates, said molding plates and said first mixture defining an interface;(c) providing water to at least a portion of said interface, the amount of water added at said interface, in conjunction with the moisture content of said first mixture, being sufficient to cure said binder; and,(d) subjecting said first mixture to elevated temperatures and pressures.

Abstract: A measuring device (8) comprises an emitter (9) and a linear array (10) of detector elements (11 to 14). The emitter (9) emits a radiation beam (15) which enters into a narrow face (20) of a panel-like workpiece (7) at an angle (19). The individual rays (1 to 4) of the radiation beam (15) have different length paths (21 to 24) through the workpiece (7) and thus have differently attenuated output intensities. By difference calculations on the output intensities of the rays (1 to 4) thus obtained, one can calculate density values in the narrow face (20) and finally establish a density profile through the thickness (6) of the workpiece (7).

Abstract: Particle boards having at least one surface made of a resin impregnated paper web are provided during their production with a surface structure due to the fact that a glass sphere blasted surface structure is provided for in the pressing surface of a double band press.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing shaped bodies, in particular boards, out of gypsum, water of hydration and comminuted fibers containing lignocellulose and/or cellulose is described in which all components are combined into a single starting mixture and at least one water saturated, essentially ground-moist, light aggregate is dispersed in this mixture as a fixed pore former. From this starting mixture there is formed a mat which is built up symmetrically in cross-section by means of a single double-sided wind sifting scattering process wherein the light aggregates are located in the central layer. This mat which is built up symmetrically in cross-section is pressed while supplying heat.

Abstract: A lubrication system for a continuously operating press for the pressing of a multi-ply board web (119) of pre-manufactured material has a press gap defined between upper and lower runs of endless recirculating steel press bands (105). A slide coating (101) which extends over the width of the press zone is provided with grooves. Each press band (105) slides by means of a lubricant which is supplied into the slide coating via supply lines and is led away through discharge openings. Several grooves (107, 108, 110, 111) for the swirling of the lubricant are provided for the press band (105) at least in the two outer longitudinal edge regions of the slide coating.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus is described for the manufacture of fibrous material containing ligno cellulose for the production of fibre boards by the dry process, wherein cleaned and mechanically dewatered starting material such as hacked chips, hacked shavings or the like pass into a preheating stage and are subsequently broken down into fibre material. In order to use the water which arises on mechanical dewatering of the cleaned starting material which contains lignocellulose in a manner which is particularly friendly to the environment and also particularly economical, provision is made for the water which arises on dewatering a starting material which is cleaned by a mechanical process to be fed completely to a preheating stage.

Abstract: A marking station for defect locations and quality limits in timber includes a timber transporting device, a transporting speed changing device, and an indicating station part with a laser transmitting element formed as a mirror, and laser. The laser is arranged stationary so that the laser beam extends parallel to a movement direction of the timber and impinges on the mirror. The mirror deviates the laser beam transversely to the movement direction. The laser beam indicates on the timber, in the movement direction, a first separating plane before a defect location and a second separating plane behind the defect location. The laser beam also indicates quality limits. Indicating positions of the laser transmitting element are transmitted to a computer.

Abstract: An apparatus for making more uniform the distribution in weight per unit area of a one layer or multi-layer mat for the manufacture of wooden chipboard, wooden fiberboard or like boards includes a reverse brushing unit extending over the width of the mat is associated with the mat carrier (1) which is fed by at least one scattering head. A distributor unit (4) disposed in the backward scattering path for the mat particles is inserted in front of this reverse brushing unit (3) in the direction of movement of the mat (2) for the variable deflection of the incident mat particles.

Abstract: A marking station for defect locations and quality limits in timber comprises a transporting device arranged to transport a timber in a movement direction through the marking station, a device for changing a transporting speed of the timber in the marking station, an indicating station part provided with a laser transmitting element and operative for indicating on the timber with a laser beam a first separating plane in the movement direction before a defect location and a second separating plane in the movement direction behind the defect location as well as for indicating quality limits, the laser transmitting element being movable by an operator along a guiding means parallel to the movement direction relative to the timber to indicating positions corresponding to the separating planes and the quality limits, a computer receiving the indicating positions of the laser transmitting element in the movement direction, the laser transmitting element being formed as a first mirror, a laser producing the laser be

Abstract: A method of cleaning dryer exhaust gases during the drying of wood chips, wood fibers and the like is described in which at least one part of the dryer exhaust gases is filtered at a temperature lying above its dew point. At least one part of the particles which are filtered out in this way is conveyed, together with flushing air which likewise has a temperature above the dew point, substantially continuously into a combustion chamber and is burned there for hot gas generation.

Abstract: A continuously operating press is described in which endless bands are moved with constant speed around an upper and a lower press platten and a lubricant film is formed between the confronting press platten surfaces and the respectively associated endless band. The fluid which serves for the build up of the lubricant film is kept in this arrangement under a predeterminable hydrodynamic pressure in at least one press zone at the input side of the press, while a calibration zone is provided at the output side of the press in which the lubricant stands substantially only under static pressure.

Abstract: Apparatus for obtaining a predeterminable distribution of weight per unit area in the transverse direction of a mat formed on a movable support for the manufacture of chip board, fiber board and similar boards is described by means of which fluctuations of the raw material composition and fluctuations of the chip geometry can be compensated for, having regard to the retention of a desired distribution of weight per unit area, by varying the thickness of the pre-mat or mat, or, in the case of a mat which is built up of a plurality of layers, of at least one of the mat layers, at least region by region, by mechanical action over the width of the mat in dependence on a desired distribution of the weight per unit area over the width of the pre-mat, or of the mat or of the mat layer.

Abstract: A plant for the manufacture of chipboard, fibreboard or similar boards is described wherein mat sections coming from a stationary scattering section are supplied via an intermediate conveyor to a cyclically operating press with a loading and unloading device, and wherein an arrangement is provided for returning mat carriers separated at the press outlet from the compressed mat sections. The mat sections are supplied to the intermediate conveyor from a forming band via a transfer table which variably overlaps the intermediate conveyor. This intermediate conveyor simultaneously serves as a supply unit for the mat carriers which are provided with laterally engageable head strips. The loading and unloading device of the press includes transport devices which extend on both sides of the press and cooperate with the head strips of the mat carriers. The transport devices extend, over a part of their length, parallel to and alongside the corresponding transport devices of the intermediate conveyor.