Abstract: A fluorescent lamp comprises at least one layer of a four-component phosphor blend for producing visible illumination having a white color. The quad-phosphor blend comprising a first and second red-emitting phosphor component with each red-emitting phosphor component having different visible emission spectrum principally in the 590 to 630 nm wavelength range. A third blue-emitting phosphor component has an emission spectrum principally in the 430 to 490 nm wavelength range. A fourth no-rare-earth green-emitting phosphor component has an emission spectrum principally in the 500 to 570 nm wavelength range. The relative proportions of the phosphor components are such that an enhanced color rendering index is produced as compared to tri-component blends formed from only three of the phosphor components.

Abstract: An arc discharge tube has electrodes supported by hollow electrode support tubes at each end. A slot is formed in the electrode support tube. One edge of the slot is depressed inwardly to form a concave surface. The slot is located adjacent to the end cap of the arc tube and provides access to the interior of the electrode support tube. After the electrode assembly is sealed into one end of the arc tube, amalgam particles are dispensed into the arc tube. The arc tube is agitated rapidly, causing the amalgam particles to pass through the slot and drop into the interior of the electrode support tube. The amalgam particles are isolated from heat during sealing of the other end of the arc tube.

Abstract: A method for recovering tungsten from a tungsten containing spent catalyst comprises digesting the catalyst in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution wherein the mole ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the tungsten contained in the spent catalyst is from about 2.6 to about 4.2 and wherein the amount of water is sufficient to dissolve the subsequently produced sodium tungstate, at a temperature of at least about 90.degree. C. for a length of time of at least about 1 hour to convert greater than about 77% by weight of the tungsten contained in the spent catalyst to sodium tungstate and form a sodium tungstate solution thereof and a residue containing the balance of the starting tungsten, and separating the sodium tungstate solution from the residue. Essentially all of the tungsten is recovered as sodium tungstate by first grinding the catalyst prior to the digestion and by using a mole ratio of sodium hydroxide to tungsten of about 3.8 to 4.2.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp comprises a plurality of metameric blends of lamp phosphors for converting ultraviolet radiation to visible illumination.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp has a coating on the interior surface of the glass envelope comprising an alkaline earth metal halophosphate phosphor and a quad-phosphor blend wherein the combination of phosphors result in a predetermined color point from about 2700 to about 4200 K on or near the Planckian locus where the alkaline earth metal halophosphate phosphor comprises a blend of halophosphate phosphors having a color temperature substantially matching the color temperature of the quad-blend which includes an europium activated aluminate as a phosphor component.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp comprises at least one layer of a quad-phosphor blend for emitting visible illumination having a white color. The quad-phosphor blend comprising a first and second green emitting phosphor component with each green emitting phosphor component having different visible emission spectrum principally in the 520 to 560 nm wavelength range. A third blue emitting phosphor component has an emission spectrum principally in the 440 to 470 nm wavelength range. A fourth red emitting phosphor component has an emission spectrum principally in the 590 to 620 nm wavelength range. The first green emitting phosphor component is a alkaline earth metal activated phosphor and the second green emitting phosphor is a rare earth activated phosphor wherein the relative proportions of the phosphor components are such that an enhanced color rendering index is produced as compared to tri-component blends formed from three of the phosphor components.

Abstract: Disclosed is a large size Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Eu lamp phosphor as a red component for a water degradation resistant blend of fluorescent phosphors having large sized green phosphor particles and the method for making by blending yttrium oxide and europium oxide with fluxing agents, firing, milling the fired phosphor; sieving the milled phosphor to obtain a phosphor with an average particle size greater than about 5 by Coulter Counter to produce a sieved phosphor, and encapsulated a conformal coating of gamma alumina on said sieved phosphor by vapor chemical vapor deposition to form a resulting coated Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Eu phosphor with additional phosphor components including a green phosphor to form a lamp phosphor blend, and applying the blend to a lamp as a water based suspension.

Abstract: In a method of dimensioning and operating by A.C. or D.C. at a predetermined external heater power a low pressure discharge lamp, particularly a fluorescent lamp having two electrodes between which the discharge is formed, at least one of the electrodes being alkaline earth oxide coated and adapted to form a permanently heated cathode, particularly for use in video matrix board, and external heater current is used which is approximately 1.5 to 5 times higher than the discharge current, the heater volt is approximately 33.33% to 80% lower than that of a conventionally operated cathode or electrode, respectively, and the wattage of the heater circuit is maintained. By this accuracy of optimum cathode temperature control is improved, enhanced lamp life and reduced discoloration are obtained and the formation of hot spots avoided.

Abstract: A densified ceramic or cermet armor material comprises greater than fifty percent by weight titanium nitride or greater than eight percent by weight of a mixture of titanium nitride and aluminum nitride to impart low compressive strength to said armor material and may additionally comprise components suitable for densification with said titanium nitride or titanium nitride-aluminum nitride mixture where the resulting armor material has high density and low porosity with a Young's modulus greater than 200 GPa and a compressive strength of less than 5.5 GPa.

Abstract: A negative glow discharge lamp having improved color stability and increased life includes a light-transmitting envelope which contains an ionizable medium including mercury and a gaseous fill. The gaseous fill includes neon and a predetermined amount of krypton. The krypton is in an amount equal to less than five percent of the gaseous fill.

Abstract: A lamp including a glass envelope having a base fitted at each end portion thereof. Each lamp base includes a metallic base shell having an annular flange. The annular flange is heated prior to fitting over the end portion of the envelope so as to increase the inner flange diameter. Cooling of the annular flange after fitting reduces the flange diameter thereby providing an interference fit with the end portion. The lamp base is retained on the end portion without the need for basing cement. In order to accommodate variations in the diameter of the lamp seals, an annular rib is formed on the inner surface of the flange. After cooling, the annular rib forms an interference fit with the lamp end portion.

Abstract: Alumina arc tube sealing members including a highly pure, fine alumina doped with yttrium oxide, and magnesium oxide. The sealing members are used in the formation of sintered hermetic seals to a green, prefired, or fully sintered translucent alumina arc tube and niobium electrical feedthrough assemblies with or without the use of sealing frits or brazing alloys.

Abstract: A process for recovering tungsten as an ammoniacal tungstate which comprises reacting a tungsten containing material with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium tungstate and forming a first aqueous sodium tungstate solution therefrom, crystallizing sodium tungstate from the first aqueous sodium tungstate solution, dissolving the resulting sodium tungstate crystals in an aqueous medium to form a second aqueous sodium tungstate solution, extracting tungsten from the second aqueous sodium tungstate solution with an organic extracting agent wherein the extracting agent containing tungsten is capable of being stripped of the extracted tungsten by ammonia, and thereafter stripping the extracted tungsten from the organic extracting agent with ammonia to form an ammoniacal tungstate solution, crystallizing a portion of the tungsten contained in the ammoniacal tungstate solution to form a two phase system wherein an ammoniacal tungstate compound comprises the first phase and wherein the resulting mother liquor containing

Abstract: A fluorescent light source includes a fluorescent lamp having first and second electrodes at or near the ends thereof for capacitive coupling of RF electrical energy to a low pressure discharge within the fluorescent lamp and an RF source having a first output lead electrically coupled to the first electrode and a second output lead electrically coupled to the second electrode. The electrodes include circuitry for inducing an RF magnetic field within the fluorescent lamp in the region of the electrodes. The RF magnetic field improves the performance of the capacitively coupled RF light source by creating an auxiliary inductive RF discharge near the capacitive coupling electrodes. The inductive discharge locally increases the plasma density and the electrode sheath capacitance and provides a reduction in RF voltage across the capacitively coupled fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: Europium activated strontium tetraborate phosphor is reacted with strontium carbonate or strontium fluoride or ammonium fluoride in order to improve emission characteristics.

Abstract: A method of making a composite orifice having a tungsten core which is diffusion bonded to a molybdenum shell. Tungsten and molybdenum powders in contact with each other in a mold are isostatically pressed to form a pressed bonded composite part. The pressed, unsintered tungsten core portion of the part is then machined to the desired dimensions. The pressed composite part is then sintered to form a diffusion bonded composite orifice. The pressed and sintered molybdenum shell portion of the orifice may then be machined to the desired dimensions.

Abstract: A cutting tool for simultaneously forming a plurality of deep, narrow, closely spaced parallel grooves in a hard, brittle substrate material comprises a rigid housing which defines a plurality of closely spaced cutting blade cavities, each of said cavities being constructed to receive and rigidly hold a cutting blade therein, and cutting blades rigidly mounted in each of said cavities.

Abstract: A method for providing an electric field having a desirable configuration and strength for the electrostatic coating of phosphors on a fluorescent glass envelope at a controlled temperature comprising enclosing a fluorescent glass envelope with at least one electrically conductive charge retaining member at a desired temperature for the duration of the actual electrostatic coating operation wherein charged phosphor particles are attracted to the interior of the glass envelope and the charge is dissipated to the charge retaining member which remains substantially electrically isolated during the coating process. The process is most suitable adapted to an asymmetric fluorescent glass envelope.