Abstract: A method of encoding and encrypting input data (D1) to generate corresponding encoded and encrypted data (E2) is provided. The input data (D1) is encoded to generate intermediate encoded data streams. The intermediate encoded data streams include at least one critical data stream that is critical and essential for subsequent decoding of one or more remaining data streams of the intermediate encoded data streams. The at least one critical data stream is encrypted using one or more encryption algorithms to generate at least one intermediate encrypted data stream. Subsequently, unencrypted portions of the intermediate encoded data streams are merged together with the at least one intermediate encrypted data stream to generate the encoded and encrypted data (E2).

Abstract: A device includes a data memory managed by a filing system configured to store data in respect of one or more clusters or blocks within the data memory. The device (10) is configured to assemble data content objects into a virtual container; store the virtual container and associated data content objects into one or more of the one or more clusters or blocks, wherein the data content objects are memory-aligned within the one or more clusters or blocks; and arrange for the data content objects to be individually accessible in their virtual container.

Abstract: A method of encoding source data to generate corresponding encoded data for transmission or storage includes matching one or more portions of the source data to one or more elements in one or more databases, wherein the one or more elements are representative of corresponding one or more data blocks, and recording reference values which relate the one or more portions of the source data to the one or more matched elements; and including the reference values in the encoded data together with the one or more databases and/or information identifying the one or more databases. The methods are implemented in an encoder, a decoder and in a codec. In the codec, the at least one encoder and the at least one decoder share one or more databases referred to by reference values included in the encoded data.

Abstract: A server node arrangement includes a plurality of server nodes. The server node arrangement is coupled via communication network to a plurality of sources of input data, and to one or more output devices. The server node arrangement receives data content from the plurality of sources of input data, and processes the data content to supply to at least a subset of the output devices. The server node arrangement hosts one or more processes which process the data content into a form which is compatible to a native data rendering format of the subset of the output devices. The at least a subset of the output devices are operable to render the data content simultaneously. The server node arrangement provides a system which communicates content data in a more computationally efficient manner, which is capable of saving energy utilization.

Abstract: An encoder for encoding input data to generate corresponding encoded data is provided. The encoder (10) is operable to process a sequence of elements in the input data from a first element thereof to a last element thereof. The elements have corresponding symbols. The encoder is operable to compute probabilities of symbols present in the sequence, wherein the probabilities of the symbols are computed whilst disregarding those elements of the sequence that have already been encoded into the encoded data. Moreover, the probabilities of the symbols are adaptively changed as the sequence of elements is progressively encoded into the encoded data. Furthermore, information describing the probabilities is delivered; optionally, the probabilities of the symbols are accompanied with additional information indicating how the probabilities are adaptively changing. There is also provided a decoder for performing an inverse of encoding performed by the encoder.

Abstract: A method of encoding data (D1) for generating corresponding encoded data (E2) is provided, wherein the method includes: (a) analyzing the data (D1) to be encoded to identify one or more structural features within the data (D1); (b) encoding the data (D1) to be encoded as one or more portions depending upon the one or more structural features, and selecting one or more methods which efficiently encode the one or more portions, wherein the one or more methods include at least one extrapolation encoding method; and (c) generating the encoded data (E2) by combining data generated from the one or more portions, wherein the encoded data (E2) includes information indicative of methods employed to encode the one or more portions with their associated parameters.

Abstract: A method of encoding and encrypting input data (D1) to generate corresponding encoded and encrypted data (E2) is provided. At least a first data block of the input data (D1) is encoded to generate a first encoded data block. The at least first encoded data block is then encrypted using at least one key to provide a first encoded and encrypted data block for inclusion in the encoded and encrypted data (E2). Moreover, a first seed value is generated for use in encrypting a next encoded data block to provide a next encoded and encrypted data block for inclusion in the encoded and encrypted data (E2). Furthermore, a next seed value is generated for use in encrypting a subsequent encoded data block, in a sequential repetitive manner until each data block of the input data (D1) is encoded and encrypted into the encoded and encrypted data (E2).

Abstract: A method of encoding data in an encoder to generate corresponding encoded data includes receiving the data to be encoded and analyzing sub-portions of the data to be encoded to determine one or more encoding algorithms which are to be applied to encode the sub-portions, wherein the one or more encoding algorithms include at least one interpolation algorithm; computing one or more interpolation parameters for the at least one interpolation algorithm which are representative of data values of the sub-portion of the data to be encoded by the at least one interpolation algorithm; encoding a remainder of the sub-portions of the data to be encoded using the one or more encoding algorithms; and combining data generated in the computing and encoding to generate the encoded data. A method is also disclosed for decoding encoded data in a decoder. The methods may be employed in an encoder, decoder, and codec.

Abstract: An encoder is provided. The encoder is configured to analyze input data to identify at least one mode symbol therein. The encoder is configured to generate data values of a first type including non-mode symbols and data values of a second type including runs of the at least one mode symbol. Moreover, the encoder is configured to generate information that is indicative of a count of the non-mode symbols and information that is indicative of the at least one mode symbol. Furthermore, the encoder is configured to assemble or encode the information that is indicative of the at least one mode symbol, the information that is indicative of the count of the non-mode symbols, the data values of the first type including the non-mode symbols and the data values of the second type including the runs of the at least one mode symbol, to generate encoded data.

Abstract: To provide a called one with information on the caller, a reference to a resource containing real-time or near-real-time information relating to the caller, or information deduced using the real-time or near-real-time information, or the real-time or near-real-time information, or the information deduced using the real-time or near-real-time information, is transmitted with a connection establishment request, and the information in the resource or the received information is displayed to the called one before the requested connection is established so that the called one can make a decision whether or not to answer the call.

Abstract: An encoder for encoding data to generate corresponding encoded data including information indicative of a frequency, probability or range of one or more symbols to be represented in the encoded data. The encoder can include in the encoded data additional information indicative of whether information indicative of a frequency, probability or range for at least one symbol amongst the one or more symbols is in the encoded data. The encoder can include in the encoded data the additional information of whether information indicative of a frequency, probability or range for at least one symbol amongst the one or more symbols in the encoded data expressed as single availability bit information. The encoder can represent inclusion of information indicative of the frequency, probability or range information by use of a single availability bit value “7”, and non-inclusion of information indicative of the frequency, probability or range information by use of a single availability bit value “0”.

Abstract: An encoder for encoding input data to generate corresponding encoded data is provided. The encoder identifies substantial reoccurrences of data blocks and/or data packets within at least a portion of the input data. The encoder then identifies, in respect of individual elements, where elements are unchanged and/or changed within the substantially reoccurring data blocks and/or data packets. Subsequently, the encoder encodes unchanged elements in the encoded data by employing at least one corresponding symbol, or at least one corresponding bit, for example a single bit, indicating an absence of change in the unchanged elements relative to corresponding elements in a reference data block and/or data packet. Moreover, the encoder encodes changed elements in the encoded data.

Abstract: An encoder for encoding input data to generate corresponding encoded data is provided. The encoder includes a data partitioning arrangement for partitioning and/or combining the input data to generate one or more data portions thereof; an analyzer arrangement for analyzing one or more properties of the one or more data portions of the input data to select one or more data formats for encoding the data portions; an encoding arrangement for encoding the data portions according to the selected data formats; and a data aggregator arrangement for aggregating the encoded data portions together with header data to generate the encoded data. The header data includes information indicative of encoding data formats, and one or more source data formats, and one or more encoding methods, namely algorithms, applied to the data portions in the encoding arrangement, and the partitioning and/or combining of the input data to generate the data portions in the data partitioning arrangement.

Abstract: An encoder for encoding input data to generate corresponding encoded data includes data processing hardware which is operable: to determine at least partial reoccurrences of data blocks or data packets within the input data, wherein the data blocks or data packets include a plurality of bytes; to employ at least one reference symbol to relate reoccurrences of mutually similar data blocks or data packets and/or to indicate whether or not there are reoccurrences of mutually similar data blocks or data packets within the input data; to employ a plurality of change symbols, for example a plurality of mask bits, to indicate changed and unchanged data elements of partial reoccurrences of data blocks or data packets within the input data and a change of data values of changed data elements; and to encode the at least one reference symbol and the plurality of change symbols into the encoded data.

Abstract: A method of encoding input data in an encoder to generate corresponding encoded data includes splitting and/or transforming the input data into data chunks, analyzing symbols present in the input data and compressing the symbols as a function of occurrence of the symbols in the data chunks; generating code tables, frequency tables, and/or length of code word tables for the symbols present in the data chunks; computing sets of indices relating the symbols in each data chunk and/or the compressed symbols to entries in the code tables, the frequency tables, and/or the length of code word tables; and assembling the sets of indices, together with the frequency tables, the code tables, and/or information indicative of such tables, for generating the encoded data. An encoder that utilizes the method, together with a corresponding decoder, wherein the encoder and the decoder in combination form a codec.

Abstract: A decoder which decodes input data to generate corresponding decoded output data is operable: (a) to process encoded input data to extract header information indicative of encoded data pertaining to blocks and/or packets included in the encoded input data, the header information including data indicative of transformations employed to encode and compress original block and/or packet data for inclusion as the encoded data pertaining to the blocks and/or packets; (b) to prepare a data field in a data storage arrangement for receiving decoded block and/or packet content; (c) to retrieve information describing the transformations and then applying an inverse of the transformations for decoding the encoded and compressed original block and/or packet data to generate corresponding decoded block and/or packet content for populating the data field; and (d) when the encoded input data has been at least partially decoded, to output data from the data field as the decoded output data.

Abstract: A processor is configured to receive input data, divide an individual frame into blocks, compare the blocks with corresponding blocks of a first prediction frame for and identify changed blocks. In order to obtain an efficient solution for processing and reproducing frames, the processor is configured to include in generated intermediate data the blocks identified as changed blocks, and generate a change indicator indicating the positions in the individual frame of the identified changed blocks and identified unchanged blocks.

Abstract: A data communication system includes a centralized server arrangement coupled via a communication network arrangement to a plurality of client devices. The centralized server arrangement and the plurality of client devices exchange data. The system allocates the data into a primary type of data and at least a secondary type of data. The primary data is communicated substantially immediately within the system, and the at least secondary data is communicated in the system in association with corresponding acknowledgements (ACK) in response to receipt and processing of the at least secondary type of data at one or more of the client devices. At least one of the one or more client devices is optionally a wireless-enabled mobile communication device or a wirelessly-connected personal computer (PC).

Abstract: A method of encoding data (D1) for generating corresponding encoded data (E2) is provided, wherein the method includes: (a) analyzing the data (D1) to be encoded to identify one or more structural features within the data (D1); (b) encoding the data (D1) to be encoded as one or more portions depending upon the one or more structural features, and selecting one or more methods which efficiently encode the one or more portions, wherein the one or more methods include at least one extrapolation encoding method; and (c) generating the encoded data (E2) by combining data generated from the one or more portions, wherein the encoded data (E2) includes information indicative of methods employed to encode the one or more portions with their associated parameters.

Abstract: An encoder includes data processing hardware which is operable: to divide input data into a plurality of blocks or packets; to apply a plurality of transformations to content of the blocks or packets to generate corresponding transformed data; to check a quality of representation of the transformed data prior to application of the transformations to determine whether or not the quality of representation of the transformed data satisfies one or more quality criteria; if the quality of representation of the transformed data does not satisfy the one or more quality criteria, to sub-divide and/or to combine the one or more blocks or packets further and repeating the transformation step; and if the quality of representation of the transformed data satisfies the one or more quality criteria, to output the transformed data to provide encoded output data representative of the input data to be encoded.