Abstract: An embodiment provides a method for modifying a carbon region on a boron-doped diamond electrode surface, comprising: placing a boron-doped diamond electrode surface in an aqueous solution, wherein the aqueous solution comprises an ionic treatment solution; applying a voltage difference across the boron-doped diamond electrode surface; and modifying a carbon region on an area of the boron-doped diamond electrode surface, wherein the modifying is responsive to application of the voltage while the boron-doped diamond electrode surface is in the aqueous solution, wherein the modification continues until a desired signal of the carbon region is reached. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for determining a phosphate concentration in a water sample includes providing the water sample, adding a first acid to the water sample to obtain a second water sample in which a concentration of the first acid is at least 0.5 wt.-%, performing a first photometric measurement of the second water sample, adding a coloring component to the second water sample to obtain a third water sample, performing a second photometric measurement of the third water sample, and calculating the phosphate concentration from a difference between the first photometric measurement and the second photometric measurement.

Abstract: A process water analysis sampling assembly includes an immersion probe having a first filter unit and a second filter unit which are fluidically separated from each other, a flushing liquid tank, and a fluidics control. The fluidics control includes a pump arrangement which is fluidically connected to each of the first filter unit and the second filter unit, at least two liquid pumps which are arranged to be mutually independent from each other, and a valve arrangement having plurality of switchable valves. The fluidics control controls a sampling and a flushing of the immersion probe. The fluidic control fluidically connects the flushing liquid tank to one of the first filter unit and the second filter unit and simultaneously connects an analysis unit to the other one of the first filter unit and the second filter unit.

Abstract: The invention refers to an optical measurement apparatus (10) with an optical device (18,20,22) and a liquid sample vessel (12) for measuring an optical parameter of a liquid sample (13) in the liquid sample vessel (12), comprising a drying circuit circulating drying air for venting the sample vessel (12), wherein the drying circuit comprises a mechanical water stop means (100) in the course of the drying circuit, the water stop means (100) comprising a conduit body (102) with a water-absorbing swelling element (120) arranged within the conduit body (102). The water stop means is simple and inexpensive and reliably protects all elements downstream of the water stop means from a water ingress upstream of the water stop means.

Abstract: Techniques for controlled aeration (140) of wastewater (190) include determining a first aeration intensity for a first aeration interval and a different second aeration intensity for a second aeration interval (225) based on a current energy price (215), a predicted energy price (221), and a regulatory surveillance period (201) during which a regulated critical parameter is monitored for regulatory compliance. Wastewater is aerated at the first aeration intensity for the first aeration interval; and at the second aeration intensity for the second aeration interval. The first aeration interval is short compared to the regulatory surveillance period, the second aeration interval is short compared to the regulatory surveillance period and does not overlap the first aeration interval, and the first aeration intensity is less than the second aeration intensity.

Abstract: The invention refers to a microfluidic process water analyzer (10) comprising an analyzer sample inlet (52), an optical sensor unit (40) for determination of an optical parameter of a liquid sample, a reagent tank (20; 201, 202, 203) being arranged fluidically upstream of the optical sensor unit (40) and comprising a liquid reagent (21), a waste tank (30; 301, 302, 303) arranged fluidically downstream of the optical sensor unit (40), an evaporation arrangement (32) comprising an evaporation chamber (33) arranged fluidically downstream of the optical sensor unit (40), the evaporation chamber (33) being actively vented with a drying gas pumped from a gas source (60) to the evaporation chamber (33). The evaporation arrangement allows to significantly reduce the volume of waste liquid.

Abstract: A turbidimeter device, including: a fluidically closed turbidimeter vessel comprising a liquid sample inlet and a liquid sample outlet; a vacuum pump for generating underpressure in the turbidimeter vessel to degas the liquid sample; and an optical measurement device for an optical determination of the liquid sample turbidity. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for determining a phosphate concentration in a water sample includes providing the water sample, adding a first acid to the water sample to obtain a second water sample in which a concentration of the first acid is at least 0.5 wt.-%, performing a first photometric measurement of the second water sample, adding a coloring component to the second water sample to obtain a third water sample, performing a second photometric measurement of the third water sample, and calculating the phosphate concentration from a difference between the first photometric measurement and the second photometric measurement.

Abstract: A water analysis device having a light source and a light detector for detecting an optical parameter of a water sample in a transparent measuring cell is disclosed. A ventilation circuit for ventilating a cell chamber is provided, wherein there is a differential pressure of at least 2.0 mbar between the cell chamber and the atmosphere when a ventilation pump is operated. The device housing forms the cell chamber which is fluidically sealed by a cover assembly. The cover assembly and the device housing have a mechanism that mimics the sealing action of a turn-lock fastener, such that the cover assembly can be secured to and/or released from the device housing by means of a rotational movement. The cover assembly and the device housing form an annular ring seal which is coaxial with the rotational movement and which is formed by an elastic sealing body having a circular sealing lip and a correspondingly circular shoulder seat on which the sealing lip is pressed due to the atmospheric differential pressure.

Abstract: An optical measurement device with a transparent cylindrical measurement cuvette, which defines an axial symmetrical axis and contains the fluid sample, an optical measurement arrangement which quantitatively determines the optical property of the fluid sample in the measurement cuvette, and a mechanical cleaning arrangement is described. The cleaning arrangement comprises an external magnetic working platform, which is arranged coaxially to the symmetrical axis, is slidable in a translatory manner parallel to the symmetrical axis, is rotatable about the symmetrical axis, encloses the cylindrical measurement cuvette externally in an annular manner, and has at least one translatory magnet element and at least one rotary magnet element, and an internal magnetic cleaning unit, which is arranged within the measurement cuvette and is slidable in a translatory manner, has a cleaning body, has at least one translatory magnet element, and has at least one rotary magnet element.

Abstract: A nephelometric turbidimeter for measuring a turbidity of a liquid sample in a transparent sample cuvette. The nephelometric turbidimeter includes a cuvette chamber housing with a cuvette chamber having the transparent sample cuvette arranged therein, and a drying apparatus. The drying apparatus includes a cuvette chamber inlet opening which vents the cuvette chamber, a cuvette chamber outlet opening which de-vents the cuvette chamber, an air circulator which circulates air from the cuvette chamber outlet opening to the cuvette chamber inlet opening, and a drying body. The drying body is provided as a container of a hygroscopic agent defined by a drying substance which is arranged in a drying path between the cuvette chamber outlet opening and the cuvette chamber inlet opening so that air flows through the drying body.

Abstract: Methods and arrangements for collecting data related to a water quality sample location. Identifying information of a water quality sample container is electronically obtained, and identifying information of a water quality sample location is electronically obtained. There is placed, in the container, a water sample from the water quality sample location. There is stored the identifying information of the water quality sample container and the identifying information of the water quality sample location; such storing includes associating the identifying information of the water quality sample container and the identifying information of the water quality sample location. Other variants and embodiments are broadly contemplated herein, including methods and arrangements for validating water quality sample data.

Abstract: A test element for a mobile water analyzing system includes a sample line and a key reagent disposed in the sample line. The sample line includes an inlet opening arranged at a first end, a pump port arranged at a second end of the sample line, an inlet section arranged between the inlet opening and the pump port, and a measuring section with at least one window arranged at an end of the measuring section. The inlet opening receives a water sample. The measuring section is arranged between the inlet section and the pump port and is coincident with a sample pathway.

Abstract: A basic unit for a mobile water analyzing system includes a photometer comprising a light source configured to generate a measurement beam and a light detector configured to receive the measurement beam, a test element receptacle configured to allow a test element to be inserted therein, and a photometric measuring track arranged between the light source and the light detector. The measurement beam is coincident with the photometric measuring track during a photometric measurement, and not in a cross direction thereto.

Abstract: A nephelometric turbidimeter for measuring a turbidity of a liquid sample in a transparent sample cuvette. The nephelometric turbidimeter includes a cuvette chamber housing with a cuvette chamber having the transparent sample cuvette arranged therein, and a drying apparatus. The drying apparatus includes a cuvette chamber inlet opening which vents the cuvette chamber, a cuvette chamber outlet opening which de-vents the cuvette chamber, an air circulator which circulates air from the cuvette chamber outlet opening to the cuvette chamber inlet opening, and a drying body. The drying body is provided as a container of a hygroscopic agent defined by a drying substance which is arranged in a drying path between the cuvette chamber outlet opening and the cuvette chamber inlet opening so that air flows through the drying body.

Abstract: A method for detecting a contamination of a cuvette of a turbidimeter. The turbidimeter includes a light source which emits a light beam directed to a cuvette, a scattering light detector, and a diffuser with a body and an actuator. The actuator moves the body between a parking position and a test position where the body is between the measurement light source and the cuvette, thereby interferes with the light beam, and generates a diffuse test light entering the cuvette. The method includes activating the actuator to move the body from the parking position into the test position, activating the light source, measuring a test light intensity received by the scattering light detector, comparing the test light intensity measured with a reference light intensity, and generating a contamination signal if a difference between a reference light intensity and the test light intensity measured exceeds a first threshold value.

Abstract: A method for determining an analyte of a liquid sample in a cuvette includes providing a cuvette, a reagent, a barcode, an icon on the cuvette and a liquid analysis device comprising a photometer, a rotation device, a camera, a calibration data memory storing first calibration data, and an input device which manually inputs second calibration data. The cuvette is inserted into the liquid analysis device and is rotated to align the icon with the camera. The icon is read with the camera and the icon read compared with an icon model stored in the liquid analysis device to determine whether it corresponds thereto. The liquid sample is subjected to photometry based on the first calibration data if the icon read corresponds to the icon model. If not, the input apparatus is activated and the liquid sample is subjected to photometry on the basis of the second calibration data.

Abstract: A method for detecting a contamination of a cuvette of a turbidimeter. The turbidimeter includes a light source which emits a light beam directed to a cuvette, a scattering light detector, and a diffuser with a body and an actuator. The actuator moves the body between a parking position and a test position where the body is between the measurement light source and the cuvette, thereby interferes with the light beam, and generates a diffuse test light entering the cuvette. The method includes activating the actuator to move the body from the parking position into the test position, activating the light source, measuring a test light intensity received by the scattering light detector, comparing the test light intensity measured with a reference light intensity, and generating a contamination signal if a difference between a reference light intensity and the test light intensity measured exceeds a first threshold value.

Abstract: A nephelometric turbidimeter for measuring a turbidity of a liquid sample in a sample cuvette. The nephelometric turbidimeter includes a measurement light source configured to emit an axial parallel light beam directed to the sample cuvette, a scattering light detector arranged to receive a scattered light from the sample cuvette, and a diffuser comprising a diffuser body and a diffuser actuator. The diffuser actuator is configured to move the diffuser body between a parking position in which the diffuser body does not interfere with the axial parallel light beam and a test position where the diffuser body is arranged between the measurement light source and the sample cuvette so that the diffuser body interferes with the axial parallel light beam and generates a diffuse test light entering the sample cuvette.