Abstract: In one or more embodiment described herein, a precursor of an active material of an electrode of a lead-acid battery may be made by a process that includes forming an active material paste and curing the active material paste to form the precursor of the active material of the electrode of the lead-acid battery. The active material paste may be made by combining at least water, an acid, a glass composition having at least 25 wt. % of a single metal oxide, and lead oxide. The metal oxide may be selected from barium oxide, lead oxide, zinc oxide, or antimony oxide.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments presently described, metal-containing particles may be made by a method that includes introducing a molten material into a reaction zone of a reactor system, passing a process gas into the reaction zone in a direction substantially tangential to a sidewall of the reaction zone, and contacting the process gas with the molten material in the reaction zone to form metal-containing particles. The molten material may be introduced into an upper portion of the reaction zone The reaction zone may include a substantially circular cross-section, and the molten metal may be introduced into the reaction zone in a laminar flow or as atomized particles.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments presently described, a mixture of lead oxide and lead metal particles may be formed by a method that includes forming a molten metal lead material from a solid lead metal supply material, introducing the molten metal lead material into a reaction zone of a reactor, and contacting the molten metal lead material with an oxidizing gas in the reaction zone to oxidize a portion of the molten metal lead material and form at least solid lead oxide particles and solid lead metal particles. The molten metal lead material may be introduced to the reaction zone in a laminar flow or as atomized molten particles. The weight ratio of formed solid lead oxide particles to solid lead metal particles may be less than 99:1.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments presently described, a method for processing metal-containing materials may include passing a feed stream through a first conduit of a multi-conduit reactor, the feed stream including metal-containing material in a molten phase; passing a fluid stream through a second conduit of the multi-conduit reactor; and contacting the feed stream with the fluid stream in a mixing zone downstream of the first conduit and second conduit, thereby causing a chemical or physical change in the one or more materials of the feed stream to form a product stream comprising metal-containing particles.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments presently described, a mixture of lead oxide and lead metal particles may be formed by a method that includes forming a molten metal lead material from a solid lead metal supply material, introducing the molten metal lead material into a reaction zone of a reactor, and contacting the molten metal lead material with an oxidizing gas in the reaction zone to oxidize a portion of the molten metal lead material and form at least solid lead oxide particles and solid lead metal particles. The molten metal lead material may be introduced to the reaction zone in a laminar flow or as atomized molten particles. The weight ratio of formed solid lead oxide particles to solid lead metal particles may be less than 99:1.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments presently described, metal-containing particles may be made by a method that includes introducing a molten material into a reaction zone of a reactor system, passing a process gas into the reaction zone in a direction substantially tangential to a sidewall of the reaction zone, and contacting the process gas with the molten material in the reaction zone to form metal-containing particles. The molten material may be introduced into an upper portion of the reaction zone The reaction zone may include a substantially circular cross-section, and the molten metal may be introduced into the reaction zone in a laminar flow or as atomized particles.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments presently described, metal-containing particles may be formed by a method including forming a molten material from a solid supply material, introducing the molten material into a reaction zone of a Barton reactor, and contacting the molten material with a processing gas in the reaction zone to form solid metal-containing particles comprising solid metallic particles and solid metal oxide particles. The Barton reactor may include a reaction vessel which may include a top cover and sidewalls defining the reaction zone, an agitator, a processing gas inlet, and a product outlet. The molten material may be introduced to the reaction zone in a laminar flow or as atomized molten particles. Less than 99% of the particles may include metal oxide.

Abstract: An expander formulation used in battery paste compositions. The expander formulation incorporates effective amounts, or elevated concentrations of up to 6% of graphite and mixtures of carbon black and graphite to lessen or minimize the accumulation of lead sulfate on the surface of the negative plate during high rate PSOC battery operation, and/or to increase the electrochemical efficiency, the reserve capacity, the cold cranking performance and the cycle life of lead-acid batteries.

Abstract: Liquid overbased alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylates, particularly barium carboxylates, are prepared by a process which includes the use of a beta diketone as a reaction promoter during carbonation. Mixed metal stabilizers containing the overbased metal carboxylates are used as stabilizers for halogen-containing polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

Abstract: A battery paste composition incorporates and promotes the formation of tetra basic lead sulfate using a micronized TTBLS additive, and eliminates free lead using a special oxide, during paste mixing and drying. Battery plates utilizing the disclosed battery paste composition are produced without the need for curing, and instead can be used in the battery immediately following plate drying.

Abstract: A non-toxic corrosion inhibitor and method comprising hydrotalcite or a hydrotalcite-like complexing agent and one or a combination of an organic or inorganic corrosion inhibitive complexing agent, provides improved corrosion protection on metal substrates and utilizes synergistic corrosion inhibitive mechanisms.

Abstract: A liquid corrosion inhibitor comprising a primary, secondary, tertiary or mixed amine complexing agent and a carboxylic acid complexing agent, and may further contain a pH adjusting agent and an antifreeze agent, which is capable of providing both short-term and long-term corrosion protection on ferrous and non-ferrous metal substrates and protection from flash rusting commonly associated with ferrous metal substrates, without adversely affecting high gloss in coatings.

Abstract: A battery paste additive, and process for making the same comprising micronized seed crystals of tetra basic lead sulfate, is added to battery paste and results in accelerated curing time and other improvements in battery performance. The battery paste additive may be used to produce positive or negative battery plates and may be use with conventional mixing, pasting and curing processes and equipment.

Abstract: Liquid overbased calcium/barium/zinc ternary systems are provided for stabilizing halogen-containing polymers. These overbased ternary stabilizer systems are shelf stable liquids and provide polyvinyl chloride compositions with improvements in thermal stability, early color, clarity and plate-out resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to the manufacture of ortho-rhombic litharge (yellow lead oxide) and in particular to a process for the continuous refining of litharge and a loopreactor for the refining of litharge.

Abstract: Shelf stable haze free liquids of overbased alkaline earth metal salts are obtained by reacting metal base with fatty acids in the presence of liquid hydrocarbon and aliphatic alcohols having at least 8 carbon atoms to provide overbased liquids essentially free of a phenol or a phenolic derivative. Stabilizer compositions containing the overbased liquids and mixed metal stabilizers of zinc, cadmium and tin are provided for stabilizing halogen-containing polymers.

Abstract: Liquid overbased calcium/barium/zinc ternary systems are provided for stabilizing halogen-containing polymers. These overbased ternary stabilizer systems are shelf stable liquids and provide polyvinyl chloride compositions with improvements in thermal stability, early color, clarity and plate-out resistance.

Abstract: Liquid overbased calcium/barium/zinc ternary systems are provided for stabilizing halogen-containing polymers. These overbased ternary stabilizer systems are shelf stable liquids and provide polyvinyl chloride compositions with improvements in thermal stability, early color, clarity and plate-out resistance.

Abstract: A tannin stain inhibitor and method of blocking tannin stain migration within wood or wood composite substrates uses an aluminate based chemical composition. The aluminate based complex chemical composition is incorporated into a conventional coating product, which when applied to a wood or wood composite substrate, exhibits improved tannin stain inhibiting properties.

Abstract: A non-toxic chemical composition inhibits corrosion in metal substrates. The composition contains a Phosphorus compound, comprising an acid and a metal selected from the group consisting of an alkali, alkaline earth, or transition metal. The composition also contains a Boron compound comprising an acid and a metal selected from the group consisting of an alkali, alkaline earth, or transition metal. A process of making the chemical composition comprises the steps of filling a mixer with 30-60% by weight of hot water and adding 10-20% by weight of barium carbonate or strontium carbonate, 10-20% by weight of phosphoric acid (75%), 5-15% by weight of lime, and 10-20% by weight of Boric acid; mixing the said contents for 10-15 minutes to create a wet slurry; pouring said wet slurry into an attrition mill for 15-60 minutes; drying said wet slurry and milling said wet slurry to an average particle size of 1.0-2.0 microns to form a dry pigment; pushing said dry pigment through a 325 mesh sieve.

Abstract: Applicator syringe for a dental compound, with a syringe body (1) tapering into a thin discharge tube (3) and with a piston (5) displaceable in it, the applicator syringe being intended for once-only use. To avoid the need for special actuating tools, but make easy use possible, the effective cross-sectional surface is very small, in particular with a ratio of the useful stroke to the diameter of the syringe piston of at least approximately 10. So that the syringe can nevertheless be filled easily, the diameter of the cylindrical space in the rear portion of the latter is larger than the piston diameter. The syringe body (1) is first produced in a straight form and only thereafter is the discharge tube (3) bent.