Abstract: A process tapping point clearing apparatus (10) has a ram housing a piston (25) in a cylinder (12). A piston shaft (22) has a threaded first end (30) threadingly engaged with the piston. A second end of the shaft retains a clearing head extending from the cylinder, the clearing head adapted to pass through a process tapping point for removing scaling and/or debris material therefrom. The threaded first end of the shaft has an outer thread (36) diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the adjacent intermediate portion of the shaft. The piston can have a threaded aperture (44) to receive an release tool (45) to retract the piston and tapping point clearing toll (34) if stuck in an extended position.

Abstract: An apparatus for clearing a process tapping point including a clearing head 3 adapted to pass through the process tapping point to remove scale and/or debris material therefrom, actuation means 7 for driving the clearing head in a reciprocal motion through said process tapping point; and wherein the clearing head 3 includes a flow path through which purge fluid can pass.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay for use in a high-frequency circuit includes an armature 3 mounted on a central shaft 16 for pivotal movement between two switching positions. A total of four actuator cards 5 are disposed on two opposite sides of the armature 3, each card carrying a contact spring 8. Each contact spring serves to bridge a pair of fixed contacts 6, 7. The contact springs and fixed contacts are located in shield casings 9 disposed on both sides of the armature 3. Return springs 19 urge the cards 5 into abutment with the respective sides of the armature 3. Sufficient electrical separation as required for high-frequency applications is achieved between the two contact systems due to the intermediate disposition of the armature 3. The provision of an individual actuator card 5 for each contact spring 8 permits independent adjustment of each contact.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes an armature 1 supported in a central longitudinal bore 12 of a one-part bobbin 2 by means of a bearing which includes a first pair of curved bearing surfaces 1a, 1b, formed on the armature 1 and engaging a second pair of supplementarily curved bearing surfaces 2a, 2b, formed in the bore walls. The first bearing surfaces 1a, 1b may be either cylindrical in which case cylindrical second bearing surfaces 2a, 2b are formed in ribs 2c, 2d projecting inwardly from opposite bore walls, or spherical in which case spherical second bearing surfaces are formed directly in opposite bobbin walls.

Abstract: A getter for use in a sealed contact chamber consists of a porous getter material which acts to adsorb substances which could create resistive films on electrical contacts. By disposing such a getter within the contact chamber of a switching device, such as an electromagnetic relay, molecules of, for instance, organic compounds, may be selectively and over long terms adsorbed to the getter and thus kept away from the contacts. The selective adsorption of such molecules is achieved by a porous getter material in which the majority of the pores have diameters greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, with the mean value of pore diameter ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm. The getter material may be substantially Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing an electric switching block of an electromagnetic relay wherein a rocking armature end or ends of an electromagnetic block drives respective movable contactor spring plates between opposing fixed contact terminals in respective switching sections of the switching block.

Abstract: Electromagnetic relay comprising an electric switching block wherein fixed contact terminals, movable contactor terminal and coil terminals of respective switch sections are integrally held as embedded in an array along respective both longitudinal side edges of an elongated insulative base, and an electromagnet block mounted on the switching block base between the respective terminal arrays for driving their movable contactors by a rocking armature end or ends electromagnetically operated. At least contact holding parts of each pair of the fixed contact terminals are disposed in opposing relation to each other, whereby both side movable contacts of the movable contactor are disposed at the same distance positions from an end joined to the movable contactor terminal, while other terminal pin ends of the fixed contact terminals are disposed out of the opposing relation.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic relay, an armature block serving to actuate contact springs includes a pair of armatures and a permanent magnet disposed therebetween to magnetize the armatures to opposite polarities. Pole ends of a yoke carrying the excitation flux created by the relay coil extend between free ends of the armatures. The armature block is suspended by means of a resilient arm integrally formed with the block at one side thereof and having its outer end fixed to a bearing portion, so that a rocking motion of the armature block is achieved by a flexing motion of the resilient arm.

Abstract: A polarized electromagnetic relay includes two contact springs extending substantially parallel to each other.One of the contact springs forms a movable contact for cooperation with a fixed contact. In the contacting condition, the free ends of the contact springs touch each other. A first actuator portion of a relay armature serves to move the contact springs into the contacting position, and a second actuator portion serves to move the contact springs in the opposite direction to open the contact. The ratio of the spring lengths between the second actuator portion and the movable contact, divided by the thickness of this length of contact spring is smaller than the ratio of the spring lengths between the first actuator portion and the touching location of the two contact springs, divided by the thickness of this length of contact spring.

Abstract: A polarized reed relay comprises a bobbin with a coil wound thereon, two ferromagnetic contact reeds extending through an interior passage of the bobbin, a permanent magnet, and two pairs of pole shoes. Each contact reed is fixed at one end and has its other, free end cooperating with fixed contact portions formed by a pair of pole shoes. A relay is thus provided in which two double-throw contact systems electrically insulated from each other may be operated absolutely synchronously.

Abstract: Electromagnetic relay having a coil-wound bobbin with flanges at each end, a reed mounted on one flange and extending through the bobbin, fixed contacts mounted on the other flange cooperating with a free end of the reed, and a casing formed by a base and a cover. An upwardly projecting peripheral wall is provided on the base, and the lower edge of the cover engages the peripheral wall. Coil, reed and contact terminals extend through bores formed in the casing base. Grooves in the lower side of the base communicate with the bores and with the lower ends of passages which emerge at the peripheral wall. Sealant filled in the grooves simultaneously seals the terminals in the bores and the cover to the base. When the cover engages the interior of the peripheral wall, webs provided on the upper side of the casing base confine the sealant to the bores and to pockets provided at the outer side of the cover.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay comprises a coil bobbin of plastic material defining a protective tube, a contact chamber and a magnet chamber which together form a space that extends the entire length of the bobbin and is initially open at both ends. A permanent magnet is disposed in the magnet chamber, serving to seal one end of the space. This magnet has a surface exposed to the contact chamber and is made of a material activatable as a getter. A contact actuator is mounted to extend along the protective tube with a free end extending into the contact chamber. A pair of pole shoes each have a first end in proximity to the permanent magnet and a second end extending into the contact chamber. These second ends form fixed contacts for cooperating with the free end of the contact actuator. After assembly of these parts the space is subjected to a vacuum and an elevated temperature to drive off moisture and activate the getter.

Abstract: A reed type relay comprises a frame forming a cavity and having coil terminals. A bobbin assembly containing a coil is mounted in the cavity, this assembly having a flange at each end. A pair of magnetic poles energized by a permanent magnet as well as by the coil is pressed into one of these flanges and the base end of a reed is pressed into the other. This reed is elongated and extends along the bobbin assembly with its tip located between the poles so as to be movable into engagement with each of them.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay comprises a coil bobbin of plastic material defining a protective tube, a contact chamber and a magnet chamber which together form a space that extends the entire length of the bobbin and is initially open at both ends. A permanent magnet is disposed in the magnet chamber, serving to seal one end of the space. This magnet has a surface exposed to the contact chamber and is made of a material activatable as a getter. A contact actuator is mounted to extend along the protective tube with a free end extending into the contact chamber. A pair of pole shoes each have a first end in proximity to the permanent magnet and a second end extending into the contact chamber. These second ends form fixed contacts for cooperation with the free end of the contact actuator. After assembly of these parts the space is subjected to a vacuum and an elevated temperature to drive off moisture and activate the getter.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay consists of a structural member that defines a longitudinal plane and forms an interior protective space. Part of the member is a bobbin with a coil mounted on it situated around the space. The space extends the entire length of the member which is open at both ends. Fixed contacts extend into the protective space and a contact actuator is mounted in the space so as to extend along the bobbin while having a free end in proximity to the fixed contacts for cooperation therewith. Terminals are connected to the coil, to the actuator and to the fixed contacts. These terminals are embedded in and extending outwardly from the structural member on opposite sides thereof in the longitudinal plane. An outer protective casing is formed of two casing members sealed together generally in this plane, the casing and the structural member together forming a seal around each terminal. The open ends of the structural member are sealed.

Abstract: A carrier for circuit elements comprises a frame member of insulating material having terminals embedded in it. These terminals have interior portions for connection to circuit elements mounted within the carrier and exterior portions emerging from opposite sides of the frame member in a single plane. Two housing caps are mounted on the frame member to enclose it and the circuit elements.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay is disclosed comprising within its coil bobbin a magnetic core, the ends of which extend substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the bobbin so as to form pole shoes projecting from the coil bobbin and having mutually aligned pole faces and further comprising an armature which is disposed externally of the coil bobbin between the pole shoes of the magnet core and which is pivotally mounted for rotation about one of its centroid axes, said one axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bobbin. Contact terminals are disposed on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the coil and are positively located by embedment in a contact carrier, the coil bobbin and the contact carrier extending substantially over the entire length of the coil bobbin and being provided with engaging means for the mutual positioning and retaining of the contact carrier and coil bobbin.