Abstract: An aerator inserted intermediate a water pipe and a shower head introduces air for mixture with the water within the shower head and produces the same physiological effect as a standard shower head while effecting a substantial reduction in water useage. The aerator includes conduit means for conveying water from the water pipe to the shower head. The conveyed water and the drawn-in ambient air are mixed by the normally occurring water turbulence within the shower head prior to ejection of the mixture through the shower head nozzles.

Abstract: A casing mounted miniaturized emitter, penetratingly lodged within an orifice in the wall of a conduit containing fluid to be dispensed, emits the fluid at a constant output flow rate irrespective of the fluid pressure within the conduit. A pair of spaced apart annular flanges disposed about the casing define an annular channel for retainingly engaging the orifice in the wall of the conduit. An insert having a pair of downwardly depending flexible skirts with striae disposed on facing surfaces of the skirts is supported by the casing. The pair of skirts, in combination with the extent pressure on opposing sides of the skirts, regulate the size of the passageway through the emitter to maintain a constant rate of output fluid flow irrespective of fluid pressure variations within the conduit.

Abstract: A miniaturized emitter, penetrably mounted within the wall of a conduit having a fluid to be dispensed, emits a constant volume output flow irrespective of changes in fluid pressure within the conduit. An annular flange laterally biased by an inscribed annular pressure chamber sealingly seats the emitter against the wall of the conduit. A pair of downwardly depending skirts having striae disposed on facing surfaces, in combination with the extant pressure on the opposing sides of the skirts, regulate the passage size within the emitter to maintain constant the rate of output fluid flow regardless of pressure variations within the conduit.

Abstract: An aerator inserted intermediate a water pipe and a shower head introduces air for mixture with the water within the shower head and produces the same physiological effect as a standard shower head while effecting a substantial reduction in water useage. The aerator includes conduit means for conveying water from the water pipe to the shower head. The conveyed water and the drawn in ambient air are mixed by the normally occurring water turbulence within the shower head prior to ejection of the mixture through the shower head nozzles.

Abstract: A non-clogging regulator controls the rate of fluid flow from within a fluid conveying conduit regardless of pressure variations within the conduit and irrespective of the presence of particulate matter within the fluid.

Abstract: An emitter insertable through the wall of a water pipe having a pair of striated skirts depending from opposed edges of the emitter outlet for irrigating soil at a constant rate of water flow despite variations in water pressure within the water pipe.