Abstract: In an automated method and apparatus for evaluating the performance characteristics of endoscopes, a computer system receives and stores a first set of test signals indicative of the results of the tests performed. Each test is preferably performed by transmitting a beam of light defining a predetermined intensity pattern through the endoscope from a first end to a second end of the endoscope, and the test signals are indicative of the optical intensity at each of a plurality of predetermined locations within the transmitted beam. The test signals thereby provide an indication of the degree to which the endoscope attenuates the beam intensity. In the preferred embodiment, the following tests are performed in order to evaluate both the optical fibers and lens system of each endoscope: (i) a light loss test, (ii) a reflective symmetry test, (iii) a lighted fibers test, (iv) a geometric distortion test, and (v) a modulation transfer function (MTF) test.

Abstract: In an apparatus for evaluating the performance characteristics of fiber optic endoscopes, a frame defines a carrier support, and an upstanding arm support mounted rearwardly of and adjacent to the carrier support. A plurality of targets are supported on a carrier movable along the carrier support, and an angularly adjustable mounting arm for supporting an endoscope is pivotally coupled to the arm support for movement relative to the plurality of targets supported on the carrier. A bracket is supported on the mounting arm and is adjustable in an axial direction of the mounting arm to accommodate endoscopes of different lengths. A plurality of endoscope holders are each receivable within the bracket on the mounting arm and each holder defines a different diameter corresponding to a respective endoscope for holding endoscopes of different configurations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods of production of stress proteins using tin or zinc metal ions. The invention relates to methods of protecting a mammal against injury caused by a noxious condition by administering to the mammal tin or zinc metal ions in sufficient quantity and under appropriate conditions to induce production of stress proteins at sufficient levels to provide partial or complete protection against injury caused by a noxious condition which occurs subsequent to stress protein production. The invention also relates to methods of inducing stress protein production in a mammal by administering tin or zinc metal ions in sufficient quantity and under appropriate conditions to induce production of stress proteins to protect the mammal against injury caused by a noxious condition.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for evaluating the performance characteristics of fiber-optic endoscopes, a beam of light defining a predetermined intensity pattern is transmitted through the endoscope from a tip end through an eyepiece end of the endoscope. The intensity pattern of the beam defines either a uniform intensity, or an intensity which varies sinusoidally in a predetermined direction across the beam. The following tests are performed in order to evaluate both the optical fibers and the lens system of the endoscope, and the intensity pattern is selected in accordance with the requirements of the respective test: (i) a light loss test, (ii) a reflective symmetry test, (iii) a lighted fibers test, (iv) a geometric distortion test, and (v) a MTF test. A video system generates signals indicative of the optical intensity of the beam after transmission through the endoscope at each of a plurality of predetermined locations within the beam.

Abstract: In an automated method and apparatus for evaluating the performance characteristics of endoscopes, a computer system receives and stores a first set of test signals indicative of the results of the tests performed. Each test is preferably performed by transmitting a beam of light defining a predetermined intensity pattern through the endoscope from a first end to a second end of the endoscope, and the test signals are indicative of the optical intensity at each of a plurality of predetermined locations within the transmitted beam. The test signals thereby provide an indication of the degree to which the endoscope attenuates the beam intensity. In the preferred embodiment, the following tests are performed in order to evaluate both the optical fibers and lens system of each endoscope: (i) a light loss test, (ii) a reflective symmetry test, (iii) a lighted fibers test, (iv) a geometric distortion test, and (v) a modulation transfer function (MTF) test.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for performing an MTF test on endoscopes, a beam of light is filtered through a sinusoidally-varying medium defining a transmittance which is approximately uniform along a first direction within the medium, and which varies sinusoidally along a second direction within the medium thereby generating a beam defining an intensity which varies sinusoidally in a predetermined direction. The filtered beam is transmitted through an endoscope from a first end through a second end of the endoscope, and a video system generates signals indicative of the optical intensity of the transmitted beam at each of a plurality of predetermined locations within the beam. Noise is filtered from the intensity signals, and the filtered intensity signals are in turn used in determining the MTF at each of a plurality of predetermined locations within the beam, thereby providing an indication of the optical performance characteristics of the endoscope.

Abstract: A vibrotactile stimulator system for detecting and interrupting apnea in premature neonates comprises a multi-sensing monitor for detecting the respiration and other physiological characteristics of the neonate, a vibrotactile sensory stimulator in contact with an extremity of the neonate and a computer interface functionally positioned between the monitor and the vibrotactile stimulator. The interface provides a comparison of the monitored data to preprogrammed individualized standards to determine variations from the standard and provides an intervention output signal to the vibrator. The stimulator includes a cutaneous vibrator engaging a peripheral sensory area of the neonate and being operable at a frequency up to about 400 Hz, but optimally about 260 Hz, to stimulate the neonate and interrupt an apneic episode. The system can include time-delayed, backup, audible and/or visual alarms as well as a graphic display with a pre-apneic printout and cribside or remote manual actuation capability.