Abstract: A method and apparatus for expanding tubes radially, particularly useful for anchoring tubes within a tube sheet in preparation for a subsequent hydraulic swaging operation. The apparatus includes at least one primary expander and at least one seondary expander. The secondary expander is axially positioned within the tube and has a larger cross-sectional area than the primary expander when considered with reference to a plane passing transversely through the tube. The expanders are compressed axially, thereby producing outwardly directed pressure against the interior surface of the tube. The primary expander produces the greatest pressure against the tube due to its smaller cross-sectional area. Axial compressive forces can be applied to the expanders by a draw bar that passes through them.

Abstract: A head that engages a face of a tube sheet has a mandrel extending from it for insertion in a tube. Pressurized test fluid is introduced through a conduit in the mandrel into an annular fluid-flow space between the mandrel and the tube. The fluid, which is confined by seals, flows around one end of the tube to the joint and, if the joint is not tight, emerges at the opposite face of the tube sheet where it can be detected.

Abstract: The device is an air driven piston in a cylinder driving a pump. A shuttle valve is provided to control the admission of air under pressure to, and exhaust from the cylinder. The shuttle valve is a double ended piston operating in coaxial bores with a stem part of smaller diameter between the ends. The air passes to the cylinder through the bore around the intermediate part of the double ended shuttle valve. The piston at one end of the shuttle valve has greater area exposed to pressure than the area of the piston on the other end of the valve. The shuttle valve is operated by one or more pilot valves that are actuated by the main piston. The shuttle valve is shifted by controlling the pressures acting on the parts of the pistons having exposed areas of different sizes.