Abstract: A plate-shaped filter element made from several wire cloth layers and having at least one layer in the form of a filter cloth is designed to allow particles of a certain size can be filtered out from a filterable material, whereby, in particular, particles can be filtered out from a fluid, an emulsion or the like. The filter element according to the invention is configured such that at least the layer forming the filter cloth is provided with spaced-apart alternating crossovers at an angle to the warp and weft threads. The alternating crossovers extend in a zigzag whereby each straight section extends across a same number of warp threads. The alternating crossovers extend from the edges which are parallel to and spaced from the warp wires. The filter element according to the invention is particularly suitable for filtering of emulsions.

Abstract: A wire cloth includes metallic warp wires and metallic weft wires interwoven with one another, wherein the weft wires have each a diameter which is equal or smaller than a clear distance between two neighboring warp wires, and wherein the weft wires are constricted in crossing regions with the warp wires.

Abstract: A sieve tray for a sieve device that includes at least one sieve netting. The sieve netting includes wire netting having warp and weft wires mutually connected in a weave. The weave has mutually spaced alternating crossings extending diagonally with respect to the warp and weft wires.

Abstract: A plate-shaped filter element made from several wire cloth layers and having at least one layer in the form of a filter cloth is designed to allow particles of a certain size can be filtered out from a filterable material, whereby, in particular, particles can be filtered out from a fluid, an emulsion or the like. The filter element according to the invention is configured such that at least the layer forming the filter cloth is provided with spaced-apart alternating crossovers at an angle to the warp and weft threads. The alternating crossovers extend in a zigzag whereby each straight section extends across a same number of warp threads. The alternating crossovers extend from the edges which are parallel to and spaced from the warp wires. The filter element according to the invention is particularly suitable for filtering of emulsions.

Abstract: A packaging container of the type being flat when empty for receiving bulk material includes a moisture-proof, thermoplastic layer connectable along a longitudinal seam which is defined by longitudinal edges and having a ventilation zone spaced in parallel relationship to the longitudinal edges and closable through heat sealing or welding after feeding bulk material into the interior and ventilating the bulk material. The ventilation zone of the packaging container is formed by initially leaving one of the longitudinal edges of the longitudinal seam open. Only after the packaging container is filled and the contents are allowed to ventilate is this initially open seam area closed by a welding or heat sealing process.

Abstract: A filling pipe for use in a filling machine for filling in particular valve sacks, comprises a pipe body with an end piece which a closure ring defining an outlet opening and made of a filter material. The closure ring is surrounded by a ring chamber which is in fluid communication an air conduit for allowing evacuation of the ring chamber after termination of a filling process and, optionally, admittance of air after fitting an empty valve sack onto the pipe body.

Abstract: Apparatus for filling valve sacks includes at least one filling pipe in fluid communication with a feed unit and receiving a valved sack. The filling pipe is provided with least one axial slot-like recess which is engageable by a clamping lever after a valve sack is placed over the outlet port of the filling pipe so as to apply a tension force onto the valve of the sack. In this manner, the valve of the sack is pushed into the recess and drawn against the outer surface of the filling pipe to attain a sealing action which is maintained even when pressure causes a widening of the valve because the clamping lever is then further lowered.

Abstract: Apparatus for filling discrete open or valve type bags with metered quantities of flowable bulk material has a gravity flow duct the upper end of which receives metered quantities of bulk material and the lower end of which discharges successive metered quantities into discrete bags. The rate of gravity flow of bulk material in the duct is regulatable by an adjustable flow restrictor which is adjusted, each time a different bulk material is gathered into metered quantities, in such a way that the rate of flow is just below that rate which causes the descending material to clog the duct. This is ascertained by starting with an adjustment at a rate well below that which results in clogging and by stepwise increasing the rate until the period of discharge of a metered quantity abruptly increases to thus indicate that the duct is being clogged.

Abstract: An arrangement for fitting valve sacks on a filling pipe of a packaging machine comprises a unit for spreading a valve of valve sacks, the spreading unit being turnable about a horizontal axis so as to bring the valve of sacks in alignment with a filling pipe of a packaging machine, a unit forming a horizontal guide path for the spreading unit, and a unit for moving the spreading means along the horizontal guide path.

Abstract: A wire cloth for a filter has a twill lace weave which is formed in patterns alternating in the direction of the twill line. The alternation is provided substantially in the region of weft wires. At least one intermediate weft wire is introduced in the region of discontinuity of the twill line whereby the position of the weft wires in each pattern of the twill weave is fixed and a mesh size in the weave can be accurately determined.

Abstract: A sacking connection for filling sacks that are open at the top with dusty products has two spreading flaps that can be pivoted around horizontal axes. Clamping jaws can be pivoted around horizontal axes and hold the edge of the opening of the sack against the spreading flaps. The front of the spreading flaps are connected by dustproof aprons made of a flexible material and fastened in the vicinity of the side edges of the flaps. When folding-sided sacks are filled, a folding device that can be displaced along with its functions of folding from outside the sacking connection into the space inside the sacking connection is associated with each apron. When flat sacks are filled, a spreading device that can be displaced outward from inside along with its functions of spreading is associated with each apron. The functions of folding or of spreading connect the edge of the sack opening with the aprons to prevent dust from building up on the inside of the edge of the opening of the sack.

Abstract: A filter block for filtering melt synthetic plastic materials in a process of manufacturing plastics filaments includes a plurality of layers of wire fabric arranged in superimposed relationship. From the top to the bottom the filter block comprises inlet layers, intermediate layers and outlet layers. All the layers of the intermediate portion of the filter block are of identical mesh size which is smaller than mesh size of the inlet and outlet layers. The filter block is produced by cold forming exclusively in a stamp provided with an elastic suport for a pressure plate on which filter layers to be compressed are positioned and with a rigid support, which elastic support and rigid support operate successively to obtain inlet, intermediate and outlet filter layers of differing porosity.

Abstract: One or more strips or sheets of wire cloth, or one or more perforate metallic sheets, are wound into the form of a multilayered hollow filter body. In the event that plural strips or sheets of wire cloth, or plural perforate metallic sheets, are used to form the hollow filter body, the various strips or sheets of wire cloth, or the various metallic sheets, may be of different mesh so as to obtain variations in the filtering effect. The thus-formed hollow filter body is subjected to a sintering operation so as to cause adherence of the windings of the hollow filter body to one another and thereby obtain a coherent filter body. The latter may be used as a filter element as is or may be subdivided so as to form several filter elements therefrom. It is further possible to sever the wall of the filter body along a direction paralleling the longitudinal axis of the filter body and to then straighten the severed filter body so as to obtain a multilayered filter plate.