Abstract: A recording material for a medium used for the recording film of a write-once type information recording disk equipped with a transparent resin substrate on which concentric or spiral grooves were formed and a recording film which was formed on the grooves, characterized in that it is formed by one organic coloring matter having an anion portion and a coloring matter portion in which the maximum absorption wavelength zone exists at a longer wavelength side than the wavelength of short wavelength laser beam irradiated on the recording film and forms a record mark on the recording film by irradiation of the short wavelength laser beam, and the record mark has a higher optical reflection coefficient than the optical reflection coefficient of the recording film before irradiation of the short wavelength laser beam. This material realizes so-called Low to High property.

Abstract: A write-once information recording disk has a transparent substrate having concentric or spiral grooves formed therein, and a recording film formed on the grooves on the transparent substrate, wherein the recording groove has an anion portion and a pigment portion, being formed of one organic pigment of which maximum absorption wavelength region from the wavelength of short wavelength laser light to be emitted to the recording film is present at the longer wavelength side, a recording mark is formed on the recording film by irradiation with short wavelength laser light, and the recording mark has a higher light reflectivity than the light reflectivity of the recording film before irradiation with the short wavelength laser light. Therefore, the write-once type optical disk has a so-called low-to-high characteristic, that is, the reflectivity is higher after recording than before recording.

Abstract: Trehalose is oxidized to give oxidized trehalose which then is hydrolyzed to produce D-glucuronolactone which is thereafter recovered to realize high-yield and low-cost production of D-glucuronolactone.

Abstract: An .alpha.-D-hlycosyl kasugamycin having the formula (III): ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of not less than 1. According to the present invention, the novel substance which is highly safe and easily hydrolyzed with .alpha.-glucosidase to exhibit physiological activities inherent to kasugamycin is obtained.

Abstract: Novel plasma expander which consists of a refined pullulan having a narrow molecular weight distribution falling within the range of from 30,000 to 90,000; preparation of said plasma expander in a form suitable for intravenous injection in surgical operation and prevention of hemorrhage; and isolation of said refined pullulan from the conventional pullulan which possesses the molecular weight distribution broader than that mentioned above.

Abstract: A covered electrode for arc welding is disclosed which exhibits tight adhesion between the cover material and the core wire and provides good arc stability. This covered electrode comprises a core wire coated with a coating composition comprising (a) a powdered mixture of an inorganic oxide, carbonate and fluoride, (b) an alkali silicate and (c) 0.001 to 5.0% by weight of pullulan based on the alkali silicate.

Abstract: A method for improving the water-resistance of pullulan, which is a linear high polymer having the following structural formula: ##STR1## and useful as films, sheets, fibers and the like.

Abstract: Pullulan aminoalkyl ether is obtained by reacting pullulan with an aminoalkylating agent in a solvent in the presence of an alkali. This ether may be used as a cationic polymer of considerable utility in industries. For instance, when used in a paper coating material, it gives desirable effects on gloss, RI dry pick, and RI wet pick and, furthermore, as compared with pullulan, markedly improves physical properties of the coated paper such as tearing strength, tensile strength and wrinkle recovery; it improves also retention of loading materials such as clay and calcium carbonate.

Abstract: Cross-linked pullulans are obtained by the reaction of pullulan with a cross-linking agent selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylic acids, halogenated dicarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic anhydrides, aldehyde compounds, N-methylol compounds, isocyanate compounds, metaphosphoric acid salts, divinyl compounds, bis-aziridine and bifunctional compounds of the formula,X--R--Zwherein X and Z are each a halogen atom or an epoxy group and R is an aliphatic residue having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, in a solvent, and are useful as gels or beds for chromatography or in various fields requiring high degrees of water absorbency and retention.

Abstract: A protective coating material for lithographic printing plate, which comprises pullulan or pullulan derivatives. Said material is superior to hitherto used gum arabic solution in the protection of the surface of lithographic printing plate against oxidation and scumming as well as in the ability to enhance the hydrophilic character of metallic surface of a non-image area.

Abstract: Nonwoven fabric having desirable water absorbency and excellent resistances to oils and solvents is obtained by use of pullulan and/or derivatives thereof as binder.

Abstract: Carboxylated pullulan obtained by oxidizing pullulan with an oxidizing agent is readily soluble in cold water and has favorable film-forming property, yielding a film having high mechanical strengths, high modulus of elasticity and good transparency.

Abstract: A sand mold composition for the metal casting comprising a molding sand and pullulan as a binder therefor. As compared with prior art, the present composition has following advantages: in the molding step, no gas, dust, noise, or vibration is generated; in the pouring and sand stripping steps, neither noxious gas nor offensive odor is emitted; although the mold has a sufficiently high strength at room temperature for the convenient handling, it is readily broken down after the casting and so renders the knock-out and sand stripping very easy; and the recovered sand can be reused as such, practically without any after-treatment. The molding cycle is comparable to that of conventional oil sand or carbon dioxide-bonded mold.

Abstract: A novel resin composition is obtained by blending a hydrophilic pullulan with 2 to 98 wt %, based on the total resin weight, of a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin.In case the amount of the thermoplastic resin is 2 to 50 wt %, there is obtained a resin composition consisting essentially of the pullulan which is excellent in water resistance, while in case the amount of the thermoplastic resin is 50 to 98 wt %, there is obtained a resin composition consisting essentially of the thermoplastic resin which has been improved in water and moisture absorptivity.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition manufactured by mixing a fertilizer or a fertilizing substance with pullulan or a derivative thereof, used as binder, and solidifying the mixture. The composition is easily shapable. Another advantage of pullulan over conventional binders is that the pullulan or its derivative which remains in the soil after application of the composition and dissolution of the fertilizer component is degraded by the action of water and soil microorganisms in the soil and, hence, will not hinder the growth of plants.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of high polymer, characterized by using pullulan as a dispersant.The aqueous high polymer dispersion obtained by the above-mentioned process is not only high in stability but also so excellent in practical properties as to be usable for the processing of fibers or papers.

Abstract: A coating material obtained by incorporating into a paper coating material pullulan, which is a linear high polymer having repetition units, bonded through .alpha.-1,6 linkages, of maltotriose, a trimer of glucose, and is represented by the formula, ##SPC1##Wherein n represents the polymerization degree and is an integer of 20 to 10,000, is excellent in such properties as gloss, printing gloss, adhesive strength, and viscosity stability during storage.