Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for identifying, monitoring, and treating migraines and migraineurs. An electroencephalogram (EEG) of a patient is obtained. The EEG comprises a plurality of EEG signals. At least two features are extracted of a network feature across at least one pair of the plurality of EEG signals in the alpha frequency band, a feature derived from a signal decomposition of at least one EEG signal, and a feature representing the power spectrum density of at least one EEG signal. The patient is classified into one of a plurality of classes, each representing one of the presence of migraine symptoms, a response to migraine treatment, a type of migraineur, a current stage of a migraine, and a likelihood that the patient is a migraineur, according to the extracted at least two features.