Abstract: The invention provides methods for sequencing a nucleic acid comprising stabilizing a primer/target nucleic acid duplex on a substrate. Methods of the invention generally contemplate the use of a dual-anchored primer/target nucleic acid duplex, or a stabilizing molecule in a single molecule sequencing reaction.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for sequencing a nucleic acid comprising stabilizing a primer/target nucleic acid duplex on a substrate. Methods of the invention generally contemplate the use of a dual-anchored primer/target nucleic acid duplex, or a stabilizing molecule in a single molecule sequencing reaction.

Abstract: A sample nucleic acid sequence is compared against a database to find a matching sequence. In one embodiment, this comparison is accomplished with a table look-up approach that involves using sequences with collapsed homopolymer regions.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for stabilizing a nucleic acid sequencing reaction. Generally, methods of the invention include exposing a target nucleic acid to a single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein and performing a sequencing reaction.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for sequencing a nucleic acid comprising conducting rolling circle amplification on a circular nucleic acid template, wherein the resulting amplicon is optionally anchored to a substrate in an individually optically resolvable manner, and performing a sequencing reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus, systems, and methods for analyzing biological samples. The apparatus, systems, and methods can involve using a vacuum source to pull microfluidic volumes through analytical equipment, such as flow cells and the like. Additionally, the invention involves using optical equipment in conjunction with the analytical equipment to analyze samples and control the operation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus, systems, and methods for analyzing biological samples. In particular, the invention provides systems and methods for analyzing samples in a light microscope. The invention allows microscopic position sensing and focusing. The invention includes the use of at least two coordinated beams of light, one of which operates to determine the position of the other. In a preferred embodiment, the system is a microscope having total internal reflection optics installed. Systems of the invention can also be constructed from a standard microscope configured with a total internal reflection objective.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for sequencing a polynucleotide comprising stopping an extension cycle in a sequence by synthesis reaction before the reaction has run to near or full completion.