Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising highly fluorinated, chloro-substituted, non-cyclic organic compounds having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and to processes of making and using them. More particularly, this invention relates to emulsions comprising those highly fluorinated, chloro-substituted organic compounds. This invention also related to emulsion comprising noncyclic perfluorochlorethers having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 7 to 9 carbon atoms. These novel emulsions have various medical and oxygen transport applications. They are especially useful medically as contrast media, for various biological imaging modalities such as nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasound, x-ray, computed tomography, .sup.19 F-magnetic resonance imaging, and position emission tomography, as oxygen transport agents or "artificial bloods," in the treatment of heart attack, stroke, and other vascular obstructions, as adjuvants to coronary angioplasty and in cancer radiation treatment and chemotherapy.

Abstract: Stable emulsions of highly fluorinated organic compounds for use as oxygen transport agents, "artificial bloods" or red blood cell substitutes and as contrast agents for biological imaging. The emulsions comprise a highly fluorinated organic compound, an oil that is not substantially surface active and not significantly soluble in water, a surfactant and water.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of attenuating or preventing the adverse side-effects of a perfluorochemical (PFC) emulsion on the hemostatic system and serum chemistry of an animal. The method includes intravenously administering a corticosteroid to an animal prior to intravenous administration of a PFC emulsion, in an amount sufficient to improve the adverse effects of the PFC upon the hemostatic system and serum triglyceride/enzyme levels of the animal. After administration of the corticosteroid, the PFC emulsion is administered intravenously. Preferably, the corticosteroid is dexamethasone, and the PFC is perfluorodichlorooctane.

Abstract: Stable emulsions of highly fluorinated organic compounds for use as oxygen transport agents, "artificial bloods" or red blood cell substitutes and as contrast agents for biological imaging. The emulsions comprise a highly fluorinated organic compound, an oil that is not substantially surface active and not significantly soluble in water, a surfactant and water.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a composition of a taxine in a stable oil-in-water emulsion for intravenous administration. The invention also relates to a method for incorporating a taxine into an oil and making a stable oil-in-water emulsion.The composition includes a taxine, an oil, water and a surfactant. In a preferred embodiment, the taxine is taxol, the oil is safflower oil and the surfactant is lecithin, The taxine is incorporated into the oil by dissolving the taxine in a solution of an oil and a taxine co-solvent, such as isopropanol, for example. The co-solvent then is removed to form a solution of the taxine in oil. This solution may be dispersed in water with a surfactant to form a stable oil-in-water emulsion for intravenous administration.

Abstract: Emulsions of paramagnetic contrast agents, and processes of making and using them are disclosed. The emulsions contain water, a dispersed oil phase and a complex of a paramagnetic metal ion and an organic acid chelator, for example DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid), having a C.sub.10 -C.sub.30 saturated aliphatic group and an hydroxyl group bonded to the nitrogen atom. The emulsions are very stable and therapeutically acceptable for intravenous administration to enhance MRI imaging.

Abstract: Emulsions of paramagnetic contrast agents, and processes of making and using them are disclosed. The emulsions contain water, a dispersed oil phase and a complex of a paramagnetic metal ion and an organic chelator having a C.sub.10 -C.sub.30 unsaturated aliphatic group. The emulsions are very stable and therapeutically acceptable for intravenous administration to enhance MRI.

Abstract: Perfluoroindane is used as a gas transport agent in animals without causing gas or vapor pulmonary embolism. Emulsions containing perfluoroindane as the oxygen carrying component are made and infused into an animal and the perfluoroindane escapes at a very rapid rate from the animal body. The perfluoroindane-containing liquids or emulsions are considered valuable for angioplasty and as a blood substitute.

Abstract: Stable emulsions of highly fluorinated organic compounds for use as oxygen transport agents, "artificial bloods" or red blood cell substitutes and as contrast agents for biological imaging. The emulsions comprise a highly fluorinated organic compound, an oil that is not substantially surface active and not significantly soluble in water, a surfactant and water.

Abstract: Oil and water emulsions containing alkylphosphoryl choline or alkylglycerophosphoryl choline surfactants are disclosed. The surfactants have the following general structures: ##STR1## In the above general structures, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, fluoroalkyl and alkenyl; and PC is the phosphoryl choline. The emulsions are useful as oxygen transport agents, artificial bloods or red blood cell substitutes.The emulsions are also useful as contrast agents for biological imaging by the modalities of nuclear magnetic resonance, x-ray and ultra sound.

Abstract: Oil and water emulsions containing alkylphosphoryl choline or alkylglycerophosphoryl choline surfactants are disclosed. The surfactants have the following general structures: ##STR1## In the above general structures, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, fluoroalkyl and alkenyl; and PC is the phosphoryl choline. The emulsions are useful as oxygen transport agents, artificial bloods or red blood cell substitutes.

Abstract: Normally liquid chlorofluoroether compositions consisting or consisting essentially of one or a selected mixture of perhalogenated chlorofluoroether compounds are provided by direct fluorination of the corresponding chloroether or chlorofluoroether precursors. The compositions are useful, for example, as heat transfer agents, blood substitutes, and solvents.

Abstract: Improved emulsions of highly fluorinated organic compounds. The emulsions comprise a highly fluorinated organic compound, an oil, that is not substantially surface active and not significantly water soluble, and a surfactant. They are characterized by a well-defined relationship in the relative amounts of the three components.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising highly fluorinated, chloro-substituted, non-cyclic organic compounds having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and to processes of making and using them. More particularly, this invention relates to emulsions comprising those highly fluorinated, chloro-substituted organic compounds. These novel emulsions have various medical and oxygen transport applications. They are especially useful medically as contrast media, for various biological imaging modalities such as nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasound, x-ray, computed tomography, .sup.19 F-magnetic resonance imaging, and position emission tomography, as oxygen transport agents or "artificial bloods," in the treatment of heart attack, stroke, and other vascular obstructions, as adjuvants to coronary angioplasty and in cancer radiation treatment and chemotherapy.

Abstract: Improved emulsions of highly fluorinated organic compounds. The emulsions comprise a highly fluorinated organic compound, an oil, that is not substantially surface active and not significantly water soluble, and a surfactant. They are characterized by a well-defined relationship in the relative amounts of the three components.

Abstract: Oil and water emulsions containing alkylphosphoryl choline or alkylglycerophosphoryl choline surfactants are disclosed. The surfactants have the following general structures: ##STR1## In the above general structures, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, fluoroalkyl and alkenyl; and PC is the phosphoryl choline. The emulsions are useful as oxygen transport agents, artificial bloods or red blood cell substitutes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for practical extracorporeal separation of fluorochemicals from clinically fluorochemical-containing whole blood of a patient. The methods incorporate centrifugal apheresis devices, preferably with low extracorporeal volumes, that provide a means for continuously removing separated fluorochemical-enriched fractions from the centrifuge during processing and return of whole blood-enriched fractions to the patient.

Abstract: Improved emulsions of highly fluorinated organic compounds. The emulsions comprise a highly fluorinated organic compound, an oil, that is not substantially surface active and not significantly water soluble, and a surfactant. They are characterized by a well-defined relationship in the relative amounts of the three components.