Abstract: A device for measuring a temperature of a molten metal bath, comprising: an optical cored wire; a tube, wherein the optical cored wire is at least partly arranged in the tube, wherein the tube has an outer diameter in the range of 4 mm to 8 mm, and a wall-thickness in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm; and a plurality of separating elements comprising more than two separating elements arranged in the tube spaced apart from each other, and forming at least one compartment between two of the more than two separating elements. The invention also relates to a system and method for measuring a temperature of a molten metal bath.

Abstract: Disclosed is a disc-shaped sample chamber for collecting molten metal, the chamber comprising: a chamber body having a left body and a right body bonded to each other to define a disc-shaped sample space therebetween; an inlet extending upward from the chamber body and connecting the sample space with the outside; and a welded bonding portion disposed on at least one lateral face of the chamber body for bonding the left body and the right body to each other. Further, a probe having the chamber is disclosed.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus and a computer readable-medium for monitoring a continuous steel casting process where molten steel is poured from a ladle into a tundish to be transferred through an exit nozzle into a mold. The method includes obtaining a critical superheat temperature value for the molten steel; measuring temperature values of the molten steel over a time period; determining superheat temperature values corresponding to the measured temperature values by comparing the measured temperature values with a liquidus temperature of the molten steel; and predicting a forecast time instance when the critical superheat temperature value is reached.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sampler for taking samples from a molten metal bath, particularly a molten iron, the sampler comprising: a carrier tube having an immersion end; and a sample chamber assembly arranged on the immersion end of the carrier tube, the sample chamber assembly comprising a cover plate and a housing, wherein the housing comprises: an immersion end having a first opening for an inflow conduit and an opposing end having a second opening for a gas coupler, a first face extending between the immersion end and the opposing end, the first face having a first depression proximate the immersion end and a second depression, the first depression being an analysis zone and the second depression being a ventilation zone, a portion of the analysis zone overlying a distribution zone which is in direct flow communication with the first opening and configured to receive the molten steel from the inflow conduit, wherein the first depression having a cross sectional circle segment profile along a

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for demolding and analyzing a direct analysis sample formed from a molten metal material contained within a sample chamber assembly, wherein the sample chamber assembly comprises at least a sample housing, a cover plate and closing means, comprising: a cabinet defining an interior and comprising at least one opening for the sample housing to enter the cabinet, and analyzing means located inside the cabinet for analyzing an analysis surface of the sample; demolding means adapted to remove at least the closing means to expose at least part of the analysis surface of the sample; and transporting means adapted to hold and transport the sample housing at least between a sample demolding position, where the closing means is removed by the demolding means, and a sample analysis position, where the analysis surface of the sample is analyzed by the analyzing means, and wherein the sample demolding position and the sample analysis position are different from each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sampler for taking samples from a molten metal bath, particularly a molten steel bath, the sampler comprising: a carrier tube having an immersion end; a sample chamber assembly arranged on the immersion end of the carrier tube, the sample chamber assembly comprising a cover plate and a housing, wherein the housing comprises an immersion end having an opening; an inflow conduit having a first end for receiving molten metal and a second end, opposite the first end, wherein the second end is in communication with the opening, wherein the opening is configured to receive the molten metal from the inflow conduit; a measuring head, wherein the sample chamber and the second end of the inflow conduit are at least partly arranged in the measuring head; and a de-oxidant material arranged along a central axis of the inflow conduit, wherein at least part of the de-oxidant material is arranged near the second end of the inflow conduit inside the measuring head, and wherein the inflow con

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for feeding an optical cored wire into a molten metal bath and an immersion system and an immersion nozzle to carry out the method. The optical cored wire (6) is decoiled, a feeding and straightening device (4) with a plurality of rollers (20, 21) conducts feeding of the optical cored wire (6) in a feeding direction towards the metal bath (11) as well as a first straightening of the optical cored wire (6), and subsequently a separated further plurality of non-motor driven nozzle straighteners (13) arranged between the feeding and straightening device (4) and the metal bath (11) conducts a second straightening of the optical cored wire (6). Very high precision of temperature measurement can thereby be achieved.

Abstract: A convolutely wound tube (1) is formed of a composite sheet including a first sheet (6) and a second sheet (5). The convolutely wound tube includes a first segment (66) formed of a plurality of convolute windings (2) of the first sheet, a second segment (70) formed of directly adhered and overlapping portions of the first sheet and the second sheet, and a third segment (68) formed of the second sheet wrapped about and overlying the first sheet. The second segment is an underwrap portion positioned between a layer of the first sheet and a layer of the second sheet.

Abstract: A method for feeding a cored wire into molten metal contained in a vessel comprises positioning the cored wire at a first position wherein a leading tip of the cored wire is proximate an entry point of the vessel, the entry point being above a surface of the molten metal, the cored wire comprising an optical fiber and a cover laterally surrounding the optical fiber; feeding the cored wire at a first speed for a first duration from the first position to a second position wherein the leading tip of the cored wire is immersed within the molten metal and lies within a measuring plane, such that a leading tip of the optical fiber projects from the cover and is exposed to the molten metal; and subsequently feeding the cored wire at a second speed for a second duration to take a first measurement of the molten metal.

Abstract: A sampler for taking samples from a molten metal bath, particularly a molten iron includes a sample chamber assembly having a cover plate and a housing. The housing has first and second openings for an inflow conduit and a gas coupler, respectively. The first face has an analysis zone, a ventilation zone, and a distribution zone. A depth of the analysis zone is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. The cover plate and the housing are assembled together to form a sample cavity. The sample chamber assembly chills the molten iron received therein to a solidified white structure metal sample. An analysis surface of the sample lies in a first plane. In a flow direction of the molten iron, there are no increases in width of the sample cavity and a ratio of the length to depth of the sample cavity increases.

Abstract: A sample chamber assembly for molten metal comprises a cover plate and a housing. A first face of the housing has a depression in direct flow communication with a first opening formed at the immersion end of the housing. The cover plate and the housing are assembled together along a first plane to form a sample cavity including the depression. An analysis surface of a solidified metal sample lies in the first plane. The sample cavity and the first opening are aligned along a common longitudinal axis. The first opening is spaced apart from the first plane. A ratio of the thermal diffusivities of the solidified metal sample and the housing material is between 0.1 and 0.5. The housing is inseparable from the solidified metal sample. A portion of the housing is directly adjacent to the solidified metal sample and lies in the first plane.

Abstract: A sampler for taking samples from a molten metal bath, particularly a molten steel bath, includes a sample chamber assembly having a cover plate and a housing. The housing has first and second openings for an inflow conduit and a gas coupler, respectively. The first face of the housing includes a distribution zone, an analysis zone and a ventilation zone. A depth of the analysis zone is greater than 1.5 mm and less than 3 mm. The cover plate and the housing assemble together to form a sample cavity. An analysis surface of a solidified steel sample formed within the sample cavity lies in a first plane. In a flow direction of the molten steel, there are no increases in a width dimension of the sample cavity and a ratio of the length to depth of the sample cavity increases.

Abstract: A calibration method for a spectrometer and a reference material which facilitates calibration of the spectrometer are provided. The reference material has a homogeneous content of elements protected by an inert coating.

Abstract: A device for measuring the temperature of a melt, particularly of a molten metal, includes an optical fiber and a guiding tube having an immersion end and a second end opposite to the immersion end. The optical fiber is partially arranged in the guiding tube. An inner diameter of the guiding tube is larger than an outer diameter of the optical fiber. A first plug is arranged at the immersion end of or within the guiding tube proximate the immersion end of the guiding tube. The optical fiber is fed through the first plug and the first plug reduces a gap between the optical fiber and the guiding tube.

Abstract: An immersion device for collecting a slag sample and measuring a molten metal parameter is provided. The immersion device includes an inflow conduit for directing the molten slag to a slag sample chamber and a measuring element for measuring the parameter of the molten metal. The inflow conduit and the measuring element are arranged in the top area of an immersion end of the immersion device and/or are facing towards an immersion direction. During immersion in the immersion direction into the molten slag and then the molten metal, the molten slag enters an external portion of the inflow conduit and is directed through an inner portion of the inflow conduit to the slag sample chamber. Reliable slag collection and molten metal measurement also in a converter can thereby be achieved. A method of collecting a slag sample and measuring a molten metal parameter is also provided.

Abstract: A consumable cored wire for measuring a temperature of a molten steel bath includes an optical fiber and a cover laterally surrounding the optical fiber in a plurality of layers. One layer is a metal pipe, also called metal jacket or metal tube. An intermediate layer, also called filler, is arranged beneath the metal tube. The intermediate layer is a rope.

Abstract: A sampler for taking samples from a molten metal bath, particularly a molten steel bath, includes a sample chamber assembly having a cover plate and a housing. The housing has an immersion end provided with an inflow conduit and including a sample cavity including a distribution zone, an analysis zone, and a ventilation zone. The sample cavity is dimensioned into four contiguous segments each of which has a respective length and depth. The four contiguous segments satisfy the formula: (L1/D1)+(L2/D2)+(L3/D3)+(L4/D4)>25.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for feeding an optical cored wire into a molten metal bath and an immersion system and an immersion nozzle to carry out the method. The optical cored wire (6) is decoiled, a feeding and straightening device (4) with a plurality of rollers (20, 21) conducts feeding of the optical cored wire (6) in a feeding direction towards the metal bath (11) as well as a first straightening of the optical cored wire (6), and subsequently a separated further plurality of non-motor driven nozzle straighteners (13) arranged between the feeding and straightening device (4) and the metal bath (11) conducts a second straightening of the optical cored wire (6). Very high precision of temperature measurement can thereby be achieved.

Abstract: An optical cored wire includes an optical fiber and a cover laterally surrounding the optical fiber. The cover surrounds the optical fiber in a plurality of layers. One layer is a metal coat, also called a metal jacket or a metal tube. An intermediate layer, also called filler, is arranged beneath the metal tube. The intermediate layer is formed from a thermal insulating material having a melting point in the temperature ulnae of 1000° C. to 1500° C., such that the pieces of the intermediate layer are fluid upon exposure to the molten metal temperatures and a portion of the intermediate layer, the entire intermediate layer and/or the cover laterally surrounding the optical fiber can melt immediately upon immersion into the molten metal or immediate exposure to the molten metal.

Abstract: A consumable cored wire for measuring a temperature of a molten steel bath includes an optical fiber and a cover laterally surrounding the optical fiber in a plurality of layers. One layer is a metal pipe, also called metal jacket or metal tube. An intermediate layer, also called filler, is arranged beneath the metal tube. The intermediate layer is a rope.