Abstract: A no-clean low residue solder paste is described for die-attach dispensing or fine pitch printing of semiconductor devices. The solder paste has a homogeneous consistency with no tendency to paste separation. The ultimately remaining residue is clear and crystal like and is compatible with further processing steps without prior cleaning with a solvent to remove flux residue. The solder paste comprises a relatively low amount of rosin in combination with a viscous solvent system, thixotropic agents, activators, additives and optionally plasticizers.

Abstract: Pressable glass-ceramic compositions for dental purposes of the composition I, II or III I II III (percent by weight) (percent by weight) (percent by weight) ZrO2 17-70%? ZrO2/ 15-70%? Al2O3 15-70% Al2O3 SiO2 17-59%? SiO2 17-59%? SiO2 17-59% Al2O3 ?2-15% ZrO2 32-15%? ZrO2 2-15% Y2O3 ??0-6% Y2O3 ??0-6% Y2O3 0-6% K2O 3-12.5%? K2O 3-12.5%? K2O 3-12.5% Na2O 0.2-8.5%?? Na2O 0.2-8.5%?? Na2O 0.2-8.5% Li2O 0-1.5% Li2O 0-1.5% Li2O 0-1.5% CaO 0.3-2% CaO 0.3-2% CaO 0.3-2% B2O3 0.1-5% B2O3 0.1-5% B2O3 0.1-5% F 0-2.5% F 0-2.5% F 0-2.5% CeO2 0.2-2% CeO2 0.2-2% CeO2 0.2-2% TiO2 0-1.5% TiO2 0-1.5% TiO2 0-1.5% are particularly suitable for the manufacturing of ceramic veneer frames.

Abstract: Light-curing, self-etching one-component dental adhesives containing at least one acrylate or methacrylate monomer, at least one acidic component, at least one photoinitiator, at least one solvent that is miscible with water, water, and non-agglomerated SiO2 having a particle size of 5-100 nm, are suitable, for example, for the adhesive attachment of direct filling materials, or in combination with an additional neutralizing layer and a fastening cement, for the attachment of indirect, laboratory-produced filling materials.

Abstract: A lamp system includes a light source and an elapsed time indicator system which is coupled to the light source. The elapsed time indicator system accumulates a count of elapsed time of operation of the lamp system. The count provides an indication of a life span of the lamp system.

Abstract: A discharge lamp having a discharge vessel through whose wall at least one current feedthrough is guided. A discharge electrode is arranged on one end of the current feedthrough. The current feedthrough is made of at least two separate parts and at least one part is made of niobium, tantalum or alloys based on niobium and/or tantalum. The second part is made of material which is more resistant to oxidation than the first part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor for the measurement of gas concentrations in a gas mixture, comprising a ceramic sensor tube that is closed at one end, arranged in a casing, and exhibits an outer surface which consists at least partially of a solid electrolyte material, and with at least one sensor contact and at least one heating contact with an active heating surface arranged along its exterior. To provide a gas sensor with a short response time that continues to operate precisely and with long-term stability in hot exhaust gases, sensor contacts are screen-printed onto the sensor tube, where at least the active heating surface is arranged in rotational symmetry around the perimeter of the sensor tube and where the heating contact is arranged on an electrically insulating layer applied to the solid electrolyte material in such a way that it does not cover the sensor contact, of which there is at least one.

Abstract: Measuring sensor to measure a gas, comprising: a housing having an inlet opening for the gas to be measured, a sensor chip located within said housing and having a sensor element at one end area of the sensor chip facing the inlet opening and an electrical connection connected electrically with the sensor element provided at another and, and with at least one contact trace which is electrically conducting, wherein the electrical connection is joined to the contact trace by laser welding.

Abstract: A measuring sensor for measuring a fluid includes a longitudinally extending housing having first and second ends and having an inlet opening at the first end for the fluid to be measured, and a sensor chip provided in the housing. The sensor chip has a sensor element provided towards the inlet opening and at least one electrically conducting contact provided towards the second end of the housing. The electrically conducting contact is connected to the exterior by a metal jacket lead having an outer metal tube, at least one internal conductor, and a mineral material for electrically insulating the at least one conductor, the outer metal tubing connected in a fluid-tight manner to the second end of the housing. In order to secure the sensor to an installation opening, a collar is welded to an outside of the housing at a selected position corresponding to a selected installation depth of the opening of the housing into the measuring opening.

Abstract: An operating room light with ceiling suspension is provided with a shaft protruding from the ceiling and containing internal electrical conductors, the shaft being enveloped in its end region by a support body provided on its outer circumference with slip rings for establishing electrical connections between the shaft and the conductors contained in a swivel arm; the swivel arm is provided with a swivel arm head as part of a rotary joint, which envelops the support body and which contains on its barrel-shaped inside slip ring pickups for making contact with the slip rings of the support body; viewed in axial direction, the support body is provided at both of its ends with bearing bushes functioning as sliding bearings, the upper bearing bush supporting an axial bearing ring that bears thereon to hold the swivel arm head; the support body together with the bearing bushes is secured against radial and axial shifting by means of threaded pins passed through openings in the pivot as well as by a locking ring held

Abstract: A new method, to determine and control the air-fuel ratio for motor vehicles by employing a known method to determine the air factor lambda from the partial oxygen pressure of an exhaust gas brought to near total chemical equilibrium condition when knowing the mean chemical composition of the fuel is devised by, in addition to the partial oxygen pressure of the exhaust gas being brought to near total chemical equilibrium condition, the partial oxygen pressure of the exhaust gas that has not been exposed to means for adjusting the chemical equilibrium is measured, and where lambda is determined from the two partial oxygen pressures, the difference of the lambda values is obtained, and this difference is used as a measure for the concentration of the sum of residual hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A reactor apparatus for treating solid materials, liquids and gases, includes a plurality of units being assembled in modular form.

Abstract: A high electrical power is input in a gas-swept electrical discharge for gas laser by controlling with a high electrical efficiency and without dissipative resistance. A discharge chamber is swept through with a gas at a high velocity wherein transverse to the flow direction, the gas discharge burns as a steady-field discharge between an anode and several cathodes opposite the anode. These are disposed in tandem in the flow direction. Power is supplied to each individual cathode by means of a fast, independently controlled switched-mode power supply unit constant current characteristics wherein the current is supplied to the switched-mode power supply unit by series-connected partial voltage sources of the cathodes. A pre-ionization device is provided on the flow bounding surface of the discharge chamber.

Abstract: A discharge chamber is swept at high velocity by a gas discharge which burns as a steady-field discharge between an anode extending in the direction of flow and at least three single cathodes arrayed in tandem in the direction of flow. The discharge chamber is defined transversely of the direction of flow by sidewalls, the anode forming the one first sidewall and running parallel to the plane defined by the single cathodes. To achieve a long cathode life at maximum power input, and especially to achieve sufficient cooling of the downstream single cathodes, without the need for additional technical measures and components, the second sidewall defining the discharge chamber on the side facing the single cathodes continuously varies in distance from the opposite first sidewall and the anode in the area of the single cathodes.

Abstract: A discharge device for a gas laser has an AC-supplied pre-ionizing electrode enveloped in dielectric material, which has a length corresponding approximately to that of the cathode and anode and lies ahead of the cathode and anode in the direction of the flow of the gas, and which is connected to one of the main electrodes through a low impedance with regard to the pre-ionizing alternating current. To obtain a high ionization power with a low alternating current power requirement, while at the same time pre-ionizing the entire volume of the incoming gas present between cathode and anode, the pre-ionizing electrode is connected both to the anode and to the cathode through a low impedance with regard to the pre-ionizing alternating current.

Abstract: A gas laser has a closed gas flow channel in which a gas flows at high velocity through a discharge chamber, the gas discharge burning between at least two electrodes extending transversely of the gas flow. A cross-current blower for maintaining the gas flow has an axis of rotation which runs parallel to the optical axis and buckets are disposed substantially free-standing such that the gas stream flows twice through the bucket wheel, the delivery side of the blower being separated from the intake side at the inner wall of the gas flow channel by a baffle body extending in direction of the axis of the blower and reaching the outer edges of the buckets.