Abstract: Filter media suitable for various applications (e.g., hydraulic) and related components, systems, and methods associated therewith are described. The filter media may include a fiber web having a mixture of glass fibers and fibers that are fibrillated. The fibrillated fibers, for example, may be formed of lyocell.

Abstract: Surface modified filter media, including surface modified filter media having enhanced performance characteristics, are provided. In some embodiments, a filter media may comprise two or more layers designed to enhance fluid separation efficiency. One or more of the layers may have at least a portion of a surface that is modified to alter and/or enhance the wettability of the surface with respect to a particular fluid. In certain embodiments involving a filter media including more than one surface modified layer, at least one surface modified layer may have a greater air permeability and/or mean flow pore size than that of another surface modified layer. Such a configuration of layers may result in the media having enhanced fluid separation properties compared to filter media that do not include such modified layers or configuration of layers, all other factors being equal. The filter media may be well-suited for a variety of applications, including filtering fuel, air, and lube oil.

Abstract: Filter media comprising a filtration layer comprising synthetic fibers (e.g., pleatable backer layer) and related components, systems, and methods associated herewith are provided. In some embodiments, the filtration layer comprising synthetic fibers may be a non-woven web comprising a blend of coarse and fine diameter fibers. The filtration layer comprising synthetic fibers may be designed to have desirable performance properties without compromising certain mechanical properties, such as the pleatability of the media. In some embodiments, a filter media, described herein, may comprise the filtration layer comprising synthetic fibers and an efficiency layer. Filter media, as described herein, may be particularly well-suited for applications that involve filtering air, though the media may also be used in other applications.

Abstract: Filter media including a waved filtration layer are described herein. The filtration layer may be held in a waved configuration by a support layer. In some cases, the filtration layer may have a combination of characteristics (e.g., mean flow pore size, basis weight, amongst others) that can lead to enhanced filtration performance (e.g., reduced air permeability decrease), in particular, in high humidity environments. The filter media may be used to form a variety of filter elements for use in various applications.

Abstract: Fiber webs that may be used as filter media are provided. In some embodiments, the filter media may include multiple layers. Each layer may be designed to have separate functions in the filter media. For example, a first layer may be provided for improving dust holding capacity, a second layer for improving efficiency, and a third layer for providing support and strength to the media. By designing the layers to have separate functions, each layer may be optimized to enhance its function without negatively impacting the performance of another layer of the media.

Abstract: Filter media incorporating one or more filtration layers that include fibers including fiber portions orientated at a non-zero angle with respect to a surface of the filtration layer are provided. In some embodiments, at least a part of the fiber portions are positioned at an angle of at least 20 degrees (e.g., between 46 degrees and 90 degrees, or between 61 degrees and 90 degrees) with respect to a surface of the filtration layer or an outer or cover layer of the media. This orientation of fiber portions may result in an increased efficiency (e.g., average efficiency and/or initial efficiency) compared to similar filter media that do not include such oriented fiber portions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery separator, comprising two fiber regions comprising glass fibers, and a middle fiber region disposed between them comprising larger average diameter fibers and specified amounts of silica, or fine fibers, or both; and processes for making the separator. Also disclosed is a battery separator, comprising a fiber region and either one or two silica-containing region(s) adjacent thereto, each of the regions containing a specified amount of silica; and processes for making the separator. Such separators are useful, e.g., in lead-acid batteries.

Abstract: Non-woven webs that can be used as battery separators for batteries, such as lead acid batteries, are generally provided. In some embodiments, battery separators comprising a non-woven web including one or more chemical additives are provided. The chemical additives may impart beneficial properties, such as enhanced separator stability and/or battery performance. In some embodiments, the chemical additive(s) may confer resistance to oxidation, heavy metal deposition, and/or formation of short circuits during cycling of a battery including the battery separator. The respective characteristics and/or amounts of the chemical additive(s) may be selected to impart desirable properties while having relatively minimal or no adverse effects on another property of the battery separator and/or the battery.

Abstract: Surface modified filter media, including surface modified filter media having enhanced performance characteristics, are provided. In some embodiments, a filter media may comprise two or more layers designed to enhance fluid separation efficiency. One or more of the layers may have at least a portion of a surface that is modified to alter and/or enhance the wettability of the surface with respect to a particular fluid. In certain embodiments involving a filter media including more than one surface modified layer, at least one surface modified layer may have a greater air permeability and/or mean flow pore size than that of another surface modified layer. Such a configuration of layers may result in the media having enhanced fluid separation properties compared to filter media that do not include such modified layers or configuration of layers, all other factors being equal. The filter media may be well-suited for a variety of applications, including filtering fuel, air, and lube oil.

Abstract: Fiber webs that may be coated and used in filter media are provided. In some embodiments, the fiber web is a non-woven web that is coated with a resin including at least two components (e.g., a first component and a second component) that may react with one another to form a copolymer. In some embodiments, the coated fiber web may be sufficiently self-supporting, durable, and strong, such that filter media and/or elements formed of the web do not require additional support structures (e.g., a scrim).

Abstract: Filter media, including those suitable for hydraulic and/or other applications, and related filter elements and methods associated therewith, are provided. In some embodiments, a filter media described herein may include a layer (e.g., a non-woven layer) comprising a blend of glass fibers and polymeric fibers. The polymeric fibers may comprise a plurality of charged particles at least partially embedded within the polymeric fibers. In some embodiments, the layer comprising the fiber blend may result in an increased air permeability, dust holding capacity, and/or hydraulic gamma (a high ratio of air permeability to efficiency), as compared to filter media that do not include such charged particles.

Abstract: Filter media comprising a pre-filter layer and related components, systems, and methods associated therewith are provided. In some embodiments, the pre-filter layer may be designed to impart desirable properties to the filter media, such as a high gamma and/or long service life, while having relatively minimal or no adverse effects on another property of the filter media that is important for a given application. For instance, a pre-filter layer may be used to improve the upstream removal of fine particulate matter, which may clog a downstream efficiency layer comprising submicron fibers and reduce filtration performance. The pre-filter layer may be configured to increase service life and/or increase the gamma of the filter media. Filter media, as described herein, may be particularly well-suited for applications that involve filtering air, though the media may also be used in other applications.

Abstract: Protective clothing materials and related methods and garments are provided. In some embodiments, a protective clothing material may comprise a fibrous layer that serves as a barrier to certain fluids (e.g., bodily fluids, water) and microbes. The impermeability of the fibrous layer may be due, at least in part, to the structural uniformity and/or relatively small pore size of the fibrous layer. In some embodiments, the fibrous layer may have a relatively high air permeability that imparts beneficial properties (e.g., relatively high air flow, breathability) to the protective clothing material without adversely affecting its protection rating. In certain embodiments, the protective clothing material may also comprise one or more coarse nonwoven webs that impart beneficial properties (e.g., splash resistance) to the protective clothing material.

Abstract: Fiber webs which are used in filter media are described herein. In some embodiments, the fiber webs include fibrillated fibers and optionally non-fibrillated fibers, amongst other optional components (e.g., binder resin). In some embodiments, the fiber webs include limited amounts of, or no, glass fiber. The respective characteristics and amounts of the fibrillated fibers are selected to impart desirable properties including mechanical properties and filtration properties (e.g., dust holding capacity and efficiency), amongst other benefits.

Abstract: Articles and methods involving pasting papers are generally provided. In certain embodiments, a pasting paper may comprise a plurality of cellulose fibers, a plurality of multicomponent fibers, and a plurality of glass fibers. In some embodiments, the average fiber diameter of each plurality of fibers is greater than or equal to 1 micron. In some embodiments, a pasting paper may have a thickness of less than 0.2 mm, an air permeability of less than or equal to 300 CFM, a 1.28 spg sulfuric acid wicking height of greater than 3 cm, and/or may be configured to have a dry tensile strength in a machine direction of greater than or equal to 1 lb/in after storage in 1.28 spg sulfuric acid at 75° C. for 168 hours. In some embodiments, a pasting paper may be disposed on a battery paste, such as a battery paste for use in a lead-acid battery. In certain cases, forming a battery plate may comprise disposing a pasting paper on a battery paste.

Abstract: Articles and methods involving pasting papers and/or capacitance layers are generally provided. The pasting paper may comprise a capacitance layer, and/or a stand-alone capacitance layer may be provided. In some embodiments, a pasting paper may comprise a plurality of cellulose fibers, a plurality of multicomponent fibers, and a plurality of glass fibers. In some embodiments, a pasting paper may comprise a plurality of conductive species, a plurality of capacitive species, and/or a plurality of inorganic particles. In some embodiments, a pasting paper may be disposed on a battery paste, such as a battery paste for use in a lead-acid battery. In some cases, forming a battery plate may comprise disposing a pasting paper on a battery paste. In some cases, a lead-acid battery may be assembled by assembling a first battery plate comprising a pasting paper with a separator and a second battery plate.

Abstract: Filter media are described. The filter media may include multiple layers. In some embodiments, the filter media include a nanofiber layer adhered to another layer. In some embodiments, the layer to which the nanofiber layer is adhered is formed of multiple fiber types (e.g., fibers that give rise to structures having different air permeabilities and/or pressure drops). In some embodiments, the nanofiber layer is adhered to a single-phase or a multi-phase layer. In some embodiments, the nanofiber layer is manufactured from a meltblown process. The filter media may be designed to have advantageous properties including, in some cases, a high dust particle capture efficiency and/or a high dust holding capacity.

Abstract: Disclosed are battery separators comprising glass fibers and having a basis weight (gsm), a specific surface area (m2/g), a density (gsm/mm) and a mean pore size (?m), which satisfy the equation disclosed herein, provided that: the specific surface area is less than 1.5 m2/g, or the density is greater than 180 gsm/mm. Also disclosed are batteries comprising the battery separators, and processes for making the separators.

Abstract: Fiber webs that may be used as filter media are provided. In some embodiments, the filter media may include multiple layers. Each layer may be designed to have separate functions in the filter media. For example, a first layer may be provided for improving dust holding capacity, a second layer for improving efficiency, and a third layer for providing support and strength to the media. By designing the layers to have separate functions, each layer may be optimized to enhance its function without negatively impacting the performance of another layer of the media.

Abstract: Fine fiber products including fiber webs, as well as related assemblies, systems and methods, are described. In some embodiments, fiber webs described herein may include fine fibers and relatively low amounts of degraded polymer formed during a fiber extrusion process. The fiber webs may be used for filter media applications.