Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electric Al or Al alloy plating bath which comprises (A) an aluminum halide; (B) one kind of compound or at least two kinds of compounds selected from the group consisting of N-alkylpyridinium halides, N-alkylimidazolium halides, N,N?-alkylimidazolium halides, N-alkyl-pyrazolium halides, N,N?-alkylpyrazolium halides, N-alkylpyrrolidinium halides and N,N-alkyl-pyrrolidinium halides; and (C) a high boiling point aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, wherein the molar ratio of the aluminum halide (A) to the compound (B) ranges from 1:1 to 3:1 and the flash point of the plating bath is not less than 50° C. The plating bath never involves any risk of causing an explosion, can be handled industrially with safety and can provide a smooth and fine Al of Al alloy plated film.

Abstract: The on-off valve includes a body having a fluid path, a spherical valve body opening and closing the fluid path, a guide member opposing the valve body and having a flange portion radially extending outward, a first seat member slidable along an outer peripheral surface of the guide member and seating the valve body, an O-ring disposed between the first seat member and the guide member, a chamber formed of an inner wall portion of the fluid path, the outer peripheral surface, the flange portion, and the first seat member, and a spring member disposed in the chamber and urging the first seat member toward the valve body. In the on-off valve, a gap portion is formed between the inner wall portion and the first seat member and connects the valve body side of the fluid path to the chamber.

Abstract: A method of estimating the type of intersection control for two or more roadways includes steps of classifying each roadway at an intersection and estimating the type of intersection control used for each roadway. Roadways can be classified by size, traveling speed, number of lanes as well as any other roadway characteristics. In some cases, a warning system can be operated using the estimated intersection control type for each roadway.

Abstract: A front fork for a saddle-type vehicle includes a front wheel and a pair of left and right leg members disposed on opposite sides of the front wheel. Each of the left and right leg members includes an outer tube having a lower end portion thereof journaling an axle of the front wheel, an inner tube slidably fitted into the outer tube and having an upper portion thereof connected to a head pipe of the vehicle, and a spring installed in a compressed state between the outer and inner tubes. The respective springs of the left and right leg members are set to have different weights from one another. As such, the front fork is configured to correct a weight imbalance between left and right sides of the vehicle body, while increasing freedom in the layout of the vehicle body.

Abstract: A particulate matter detection device of the present invention includes a plate-like element base material, and a pair of measurement electrodes arranged in the element base material, each of the measurement electrodes is a combteeth-like electrode including a plurality of planarly arranged combteeth portions, and a comb spine portion which connects the plurality of combteeth portions of each of the measurement electrodes to one another at one end of each of the plurality of combteeth portions, the combteeth portions of the measurement electrodes are arranged to engage with each other with a space being left therebetween, and the comb spine portion of at least one of the measurement electrodes is covered with a comb spine covering portion made of a dielectric material.

Abstract: A controller 21 of a vehicle 1 is equipped with a first control 24, which is configured to control a first actuator 8 so as to move a traveling motion unit 3 according to tilting of an occupant mounting section 5, and a second control unit 25, which is configured to control, in a case where a turning command is output from a joystick 12, an electric motor 14 such that a steering direction of a wheel 4 viewed from above the vehicle 1 becomes tilted with respect to a direction of a moving velocity vector V of the traveling motion unit 3.

Abstract: A cathode active material is provided by which excellent charge and discharge properties in a high-current range can be obtained when used in non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries. The cathode active material consists of a mixed metal fluoride represented by the general formula Fe(1-x)MxF3. M is a metal element selected from the group consisting of Y, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cr. x is 0.01?x?0.15.

Abstract: An electric load system and method for a vehicle includes an electric load, electric devices, an electrically driven element operating in an operating state, an electric load detector to measure an electric load generated by the electric devices, and an electric control unit communicating with the electric load detector and the electrically driven element to determine an electric load of the electric load system. The method includes estimating an electric load of the electrically driven element based on an operating state of the electrically driven element via the electric control unit and adding the electric load from the electrically driven element to an electric load measured by the electric load detector.

Abstract: A system for determining an angular position of a pair of steerable wheels of a vehicle having a plurality of wheels can include a yaw rate sensor, a pair of wheel speed sensors and a controller. The yaw rate sensor can be configured to output data representative of an angular velocity of the vehicle about a vertical axis of the vehicle. Each of the pair of wheel speed sensors can be configured to output data representative of a rotational velocity of a respective one of the plurality of wheels. The controller can be in electrical communication with each of the pair of wheel speed sensors and the yaw rate sensor.

Abstract: A hydrogen detection system can include an exposed detection element made of a catalytic metal which burns hydrogen so as to generate combustion heat. A hydrogen sensor can detect a hydrogen concentration based on a detected value of the detection element. A heating unit can heat the detection element. A hydrogen storage unit is included, and a hydrogen guiding pipe can guide the hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit to the detection element. A flow rate adjusting device is attached to the hydrogen guiding pipe, and adjusts a flow rate of the hydrogen. A first dilution unit can dilute the hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit with a dilution gas, and a controller can control the heating unit and the flow rate adjusting device.

Abstract: In a control device of an electric vehicle, control unit switches energization such that a decrease in an output of a rotary electric machine in which a stall state is detected by stall state-detecting unit and an increase in an output of another rotary electric machine in which the stall state is not detected by the stall state-detecting unit are made to be the same.

Abstract: A vehicular hydraulic-pressure-generation device wherein a first bush compressively deforms due to pressure from a simulator piston that moves when hydraulic pressure produced when a brake pedal is depressed is transmitted into a cylinder part. Said vehicular hydraulic-pressure-generation device thus creates artificial reaction-force characteristics with respect to the position of the brake pedal. The aforementioned first bush has a third elastic modulus, which is smaller than a second elastic modulus, and is provided in parallel with a first return spring. The compressive deformation of the first bush occurs over a second region that overlaps a first region in which compressive deformation of the return spring primarily occurs. This makes the brake pedal move more smoothly, reducing the feeling of incongruity resulting from a V-shaped singularity in the reaction-force characteristics with respect to brake pedal position.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle is disclosed. The control system determines if a motor vehicle is going to stop according to information about a preceding vehicle. The control system may use information about the vehicle speed of the motor vehicle, a following distance between the motor vehicle and a preceding vehicle and preceding vehicle deceleration information. When the control system determines that the motor vehicle is going to stop, the motor vehicle shuts down the engine prior to the vehicle stopping in order to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions.

Abstract: A diagnosis device with a display unit diagnoses troubles of a vehicle by communicating with an electronic control unit of the vehicle. The diagnosis device displays, on the display unit, parameters relating to operation of the vehicle for selection of the parameters to be measured, and displays on the display unit, trigger condition for measuring the selected parameters to be measured such that triggering conditions for the parameters to be measured may be set.

Abstract: An assistive power control apparatus for a motor-assisted bicycle controls a motor to generate an assistive torque depending on the pedaling force of a rider. The assistive power control apparatus detects a rotating torque value of a crankshaft rotated when a rider steps on pedals by a torque sensor, controls a motor to generate an assistive power determined using the rotating torque value, calculates a rotation angle of the crankshaft when a present rotating torque value is detected from a time period from a timing of detection of a peak position of the rotating torque value to a timing of detection of the rotating torque value, calculates a pedaling force applied when the rider steps on the pedals from the calculated rotation angle of the crankshaft and the detected present rotating torque value, and determines the assistive power of the motor according to the calculated pedaling force.

Abstract: A pilot valve is provided with a conical first contact surface, and a pilot valve seat is provided with an annular second contact surface of which an initial contact portion with respect to the first contact surface has a circular-arc cross-section. The first contact surface is formed of a resin with elasticity, and the second contact surface is formed of metal. When a pressure-contact load is small, the first contact surface and the second contact surface come into line-contact with each other. When a pressure-contact load increases, the first contact surface and the second contact surface come into plane-contact with each other.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: an engine body including: a crankcase for rotatably supporting a crankshaft; and a crankcase cover fastened to the crankcase by a plurality of bolts so as to cover one side of the crankcase; and a stay supporting an oil level gauge guide, the stay being mounted on the engine body, the stay having an opening receiving and supporting a tube or wire.

Abstract: A liquid flow rate control valve is provided in which since a distributor (38) is rotated relative to a sleeve (37) by a first drive source (46) only through a predetermined angle, the total area of overlapping sections of a first opening (37a) of the sleeve (37) and the second opening (38c) of the distributor (38) changes, and a rotor (42) having a third opening (42c 42d) is rotated by a second drive source (47), it is possible to carry out PWM control of the liquid input from an input port (61e) and output it from an output port (61f).