Abstract: The present invention relates, in part, to the discovery that the presence of impurities in a reactor for dehydrochlorinating HCFC-244bb to HFO-1234yf results in selectivity changeover from HFO-1234yf to HCFO-1233xf. By substantially removing such impurities, it is shown that the selectivity to HFO-1234yf via dehydrochlorination of HCFC-244bb is improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene (HCC-1230xa) using 1,1,3-trichloropropene (HCC-1240za) and/or 3,3,3-trichloropropene (HCC-1240zf) and Cl2 gas as the reactants, wherein the process takes place in a single reactor system. Before this invention, HCC-1230xa was made in a two-step process using HCC-1240za/HCC-1240zf and Cl2 gas, and the processing was conducted using two separate reactors.

Abstract: A non-invasive blood glucose concentration sensing system and method includes sensing neurophysiological brain activity of the user during visual pigment regeneration in an eye of the user, and correlating the sensed neurophysiological brain activity to the glucose concentration in the blood of the user.

Abstract: Systems and methods to accurately display lateral deviation symbology in offset approaches to runways is provided. A system for on-aircraft display of lateral deviation symbology for use in offset approaches comprises means for generating a conformal video display representation of an aircraft's current position, means for notifying a flight crew of the existence of an offset approach, means for displaying an extended runway center line, and means for displaying an approach line.

Abstract: System and methods are provided alerting an aircraft crew member of a runway assignment for an aircraft takeoff sequence from a runway of an airport having a plurality of runways. In an embodiment, the method includes transmitting data comprising data relating to the runway assignment and data relating to an open status or a closed status for each airport runway to an aircraft data receiver, and transmitting an audio signal indicating the runway assignment to an aircraft audio receiver. In another embodiment, the method includes receiving an audio signal indicating the runway assignment from a control tower audio transmitter, receiving data comprising data relating to the runway assignment and data relating to an open status or a closed status of each of the airport runways from a control tower data transmitter, processing the received data, and displaying the received data relating to the runway assignment on a display.

Abstract: A force sensor may include a sense die mounted to a substrate and an actuating assembly for transmitting an external force to the sense die. The sense die may include a diaphragm, a boss extending from the diaphragm, and one or more sensing elements (e.g., piezoresistive elements positioned on the diaphragm). The actuation assembly may include a force receiving feature configured to receive an external force at a first end and transfer at least a portion of the received external force through a second end to the diaphragm via intimate contact with a bottom side of the boss. In some cases, the force sensor may also include signal conditioning circuitry.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the field of surveillance systems, and in particular to fault and alarm condition reporting to a monitoring system. The surveillance system comprises a plurality of identification sensors and a measurement device coupled to each of the plurality of identification sensors for measuring the acceleration thereof. A detection system connected with each of the plurality of identification sensors processes acceleration data measured from each of the measurement devices. Based on the processing of the acceleration data, an alert is generated by an alert system.

Abstract: A digital security camera system and method for pseudo-color covert night vision is provided. The system includes one or more light sources adapted for providing selective illumination at a plurality of infrared wavelengths, such as 730 nm, 830 nm and 940 nm. A monochrome digital image capture device records multiple images of a target illuminated in the plurality of wavelengths and stored in a storage device. A processor retrieves the set of recorded images and assigns each wavelength to a specific color channel. The color channels are combined into a composite color image.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide improved systems and methods for estimating N-dimensional parameters while sensing fewer than N dimensions. In one embodiment a navigational system comprises a processor and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) that provides an output to the processor, the processor providing a navigation solution based on the output of the IMU, wherein the navigation solution includes a calculation of an n-dimensional parameter. Further, the navigational system includes at most two sensors that provide an output to the processor, wherein the processor computes an estimate of an n-dimensional parameter from the output of the at most two sensors for bounding errors in the n-dimensional parameter as calculated by the processor when the trajectory measured by the IMU satisfies movement requirements, wherein “n” is greater than the number of the at most two sensors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cabin pressure control system that comprises a first outflow valve having a first motor controlled by a first outflow valve controller, the first outflow valve having a first backup motor controlled by a first backup controller. A second outflow valve has a second motor controlled by a second outflow valve controller, the second outflow valve also having a second backup motor controlled by a second backup controller. Upon failure of the first outflow valve controller, the second outflow valve controller controls the first outflow valve via the first backup controller and the first backup motor; and upon failure of the second outflow valve controller, the first outflow valve controller controls the second outflow valve via the second backup controller and the second backup motor.

Abstract: A flow sensor includes a plurality of ultrasonic transceivers and signal processing circuitry. The transceivers are coupled to a portion of the outer surface of a duct, and each is configured to transmit ultrasonic waves into a fluid, receive ultrasonic waves, and supply sensor signals representative of the received ultrasonic waves. The signal processing circuitry is configured to supply separate excitation signals to each of the ultrasonic transceivers, receive the sensor signals supplied by each of the ultrasonic transceivers, and generate, in response to the sensor signals, a flow signal representative of fluid flow in the flow passage. Each of the excitation signals has a different phase, such that the ultrasonic waves transmitted by each of the ultrasonic transceivers at least selectively combine to propagate in an adjustable direction relative to the flow direction.

Abstract: An ad-hoc secure communication network and methods of communicating with a fleet of vehicles using the ad-hoc communication network is provided. The method includes communicating relatively long range communication signals to a fleet router. The fleet router is a select one of the vehicles in the fleet. The method further includes forming an ad-hoc communication network between the fleet vehicles to communicate relatively short range communication signals between the vehicles in the fleet. Wherein each vehicle in the fleet uses surveillance information to determine the network topology and each vehicle routes messages based on the discovered network topology.

Abstract: A drive ring may be configured to receive a drive key from a wheel rim in a bushing on the ring. The bushing may include a slot with clearance to allow movement of the drive key within the slot during axial or rim flexure events. The axial or rim flexure events may occur for example, during taxiing of a vehicle and the loads of the vehicle can impart flexure forces on the connection between the wheel rim and the drive system. In one exemplary embodiment, the bushing may be movable on the drive ring to accommodate movement of the drive key during flexure.

Abstract: A single gas detector combines a dual cavity photo-acoustic gas sensor with a common microphone and common source. Electrical outputs from the microphone can be analyzed to determine an analyte gas concentration in the local region being monitored. Radiant energy from the common source can be directed into both cavities simultaneously. Alternately, the sensor can be used with two microphones to establish a concentration of each of two different gasses, or a gas and water vapor.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a microarray reader that includes a light source which emits light and beam shaping elements positioned near the light source to direct the light. The microarray reader further includes a microarray that is at least formed of an optical substrate and a reaction chamber in contact with the optical substrate. A buffer solution is encapsulated by the optical substrate and the reaction chamber and a holder aligns the microarray relative to the light source such that when light hits the buffer solution molecules in the buffer solution are excited to emit fluorescent light. A temperature control component is thermally engaged with the holder such that the temperature control component adjusts the temperature of the buffer solution. The microarray reader further includes a sensor that receives the fluorescent light emitted by the excited molecules in the buffer solution to generate a signal.

Abstract: A system and method, that will allow helicopter pilots to air taxi from an instrument approach to an airport to a designated landing area or pad, includes symbology characterizing an approach aim point different from an aim point for aircraft landing on the runway, and symbology indicating an air taxi route from the approach aim point to a landing pad.

Abstract: A method and system (30) are disclosed for providing situational awareness to a lineworker executing a switching order in a distribution substation (10). The method includes the steps of wirelessly transmitting a status of at least one circuit breaker (20) in the distribution substation (10), wirelessly receiving the status at a location adjacent a target switch (16) in the distribution substation (10); and displaying the status to a lineworker at the location to allow the lineworker to verify the status immediately prior to executing a switching order for the target switch (16). The system (30) includes a wireless transmitter (32) to perform the transmitting step of the method and one or more wireless receivers (34) to perform the receiving and displaying steps of the method.

Abstract: Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising heptafluoropropane and trifluoroiodomethane and uses thereof, including use in refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, blowing agents, fire suppressant compositions, and aerosol propellants.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) package may include an MRAM die, a package defining a cavity and an exterior surface, and a magnetic security structure disposed within the cavity or on the exterior surface of the package. The MRAM die may be disposed in the cavity of the package, and the magnetic security structure may include at least three layers including a permanent magnetic layer and a soft magnetic layer.

Abstract: Wireless communication systems using transmitter initiated communications methods. Several devices in the system listen by following a common frequency hopping sequence. When communication is desired, a transmitting device sends a request to send signal to an addressee; if available, the addressee sends a clear to send signal, and the transmitting device and the addressee then perform communications using a separate frequency hopping sequence. Methods for adding new devices are also included. In an example, a new device uses a discovery frequency hopping sequence to ping a number of frequencies until the common frequency hopping sequence is discovered. In another example, a new device listens on a single frequency forming part of the common frequency hopping sequence until the common frequency hopping sequence overlaps the single frequency.