Abstract: A method of measuring in real time a dose of radiological radiation absorbed by a region under inspection subjected to a flux of radiological radiation, the method comprising the steps consisting in: a) detecting the incident radiation at at least one point of the region under inspection using at least a first bundle of measurement optical fibers (2) containing at least one fiber placed in said region under inspection and adapted to generate a light signal on receiving radiological radiation; b) measuring said light signal away from the region under inspection after it has been transmitted along the measurement optical fiber; and c) determining the dose of radiological radiation received by said measurement optical fiber on the basis of said light signal.