Abstract: In one example of the disclosure, a substantially transparent substrate is provided at a printer. A primer layer is applied upon a first surface of the substrate. A security ink layer that includes security information is applied upon the primer layer. An opaque background ink layer is applied upon the security ink layer. A corona treatment is applied to a second surface, located on an opposite side of the substrate relative to the first surface. A release ink layer is applied upon the corona-treated second surface. An opaque cover image ink layer is applied upon the release ink layer.

Abstract: In one example of the disclosure, a substantially transparent substrate is provided at a printer. A primer layer is applied upon a first surface of the substrate. A security ink layer that includes security information is applied upon the primer layer. An opaque background ink layer is applied upon the security ink layer. A corona treatment is applied to a second surface, located on an opposite side of the substrate relative to the first surface. A release ink layer is applied upon the corona-treated second surface. An opaque cover image ink layer is applied upon the release ink layer.

Abstract: A printing system comprises a print station and print medium transport system. The print medium transport system comprises a track and a transport apparatus engaged with the track. The track defines a transport path past the print station, the transport path has a print medium entry point and a print medium exit point. The transport apparatus comprises: a drive for moving the transport apparatus along the track; and a gripping system. The gripping system can be moved between a first position in which a sheet of print medium is gripped and a second position in which the sheet of print medium is released. In use, the gripping system is configured to be in the first position when the transport apparatus is in motion along the track from the print medium entry point to the print medium exit point.

Abstract: According to some examples in the disclosure, a method may comprise providing a first stream of discrete volumes of material; and directing a pulsed laser beam at a first discrete volume of material in the first stream of discrete volumes of material so as to interact with the first discrete volume of material and thereby displace the first discrete volume away from the first stream. An apparatus and a system are also disclosed.

Abstract: In an example, a rotogravure printer roller is described. The printer roller (300) comprises a contact surface formed from a plurality of adjacent roller sections (302, 304). The roller sections are constructed and arranged to be removably assembled to form the roller.

Abstract: In an example, monitoring circuitry includes a first and a second coupling to electrically connect the monitoring circuitry to a monitored circuit having a resistance. The resistance of the monitored circuit may be indicative of a status, and the monitored circuit may be connected in series between the first and second coupling. The first coupling comprises a plurality of galvanically separated connection elements which are to form an electrical connection with a common connection element of the monitored circuit. The monitoring circuitry further comprises a monitoring apparatus to determine the resistance of the monitored circuit via the first coupling and the second coupling. The monitoring apparatus is to acquire a plurality of electrical values and to use the plurality of electrical values to determine a value of the resistance of the monitored circuit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a selective wetting apparatus comprising a roller rotatable about a roller axis and comprising a wettable roller surface; an applicator unit having a lip which extends parallel to the roller axis and is radially spaced apart from the roller surface by a gap, wherein the applicator unit is to convey liquid agent towards the roller so that the liquid agent forms a liquid bridge over the gap to wet a wetted axial portion of the roller surface; and a flow guide to direct a gas flow into a regulated axial portion of the gap to locally prevent formation of a liquid bridge, and thereby prevent wetting of a corresponding axial portion of the roller surface.

Abstract: A liquid electrophotographic (LEP) printing device that includes a photo-imaging plate (PIP) to receive a liquid printing fluid, the liquid printing fluid including a pigment incorporated into a resin, a charge conductor, and a carrier liquid, and a transfer roller to transfer the liquid printing fluid from the PIP to a fabric substrate while wet.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for measuring the dryness of primer on a substrate in an inline priming system. In implementations, the apparatus comprises a plurality of measurement electrodes spaced laterally to extend across and contact a primed surface of a substrate following application of a primer to the substrate as it is fed through the inline priming system. A resistance measurement unit is provided as part of the dryness measuring apparatus to, in use, measure the surface resistance of the primed substrate between different measurement electrodes across the primed surface of a substrate. A controller is provided in the dryness measurement apparatus, the controller arranged to, in use: receive the measured surface resistance value and to generate, based on the measured surface resistance values, a dryness profile indicative of the dryness of the primer at locations across the substrate in the direction of the spacing of the electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid electrophotographic (LEP) printing device that includes a photo-imaging plate (PIP) to receive a liquid printing fluid, the liquid printing fluid including a pigment incorporated into a resin, a charge conductor, and a carrier liquid, and a transfer roller to transfer the liquid printing fluid from the PIP to a fabric substrate while wet.

Abstract: A process for preparing a printed rigid plastic substrate is described, the process comprising: providing a rigid plastic substrate comprising a primer on a surface of the rigid plastic substrate, the primer comprising a primer resin; printing a liquid electrophotographic ink composition comprising a thermoplastic resin onto the primer on the surface of the rigid plastic substrate; depositing a cross-linking composition comprising a cross-linker onto the printed electrophotographic ink composition disposed on the primer; and laminating the rigid plastic substrate with a flexible film such that the ink composition and the cross-linker are disposed between the rigid substrate and the flexible film and wherein the lamination of the rigid substrate with the flexible film causes cross-linking of the thermoplastic resin of the ink composition and of the primer resin.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes receiving, by at least one processor, an instruction to print a user specified printing task to at least one media sheet. Print operation instructions may be determined. Such print operation instructions may comprise instructions to control a print apparatus to print the user specified printing task and instructions to control a print apparatus to carry out at least one cleaning operation, wherein the cleaning operation comprises duplex printing a print media sheet.

Abstract: An example system includes a conveyor. The conveyor is not a photoconductor. The system also includes a developer unit. The developer unit is to internally concentrate printing liquid. The developer unit also is to deliver the printing liquid to the conveyor. The system includes a wiper in contact with the conveyor. The wiper is to remove the printing liquid from the conveyor.

Abstract: A printing apparatus is described in which a guide member biases a printing substrate with a layer of printing fluid toward an electrode array with a plurality of electrodes. Processing circuitry determines a dryness of the layer of printing fluid based on an output of the electrode array when the plurality of electrodes is in electrical contact with the printing substrate.

Abstract: An electrostatic ink composition comprising a carrier liquid; a first resin comprising a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and a methacrylic acid monomer; and a second resin comprising a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and an acrylic acid monomer, wherein the second resin constitutes at least 35 wt. % of the total amount of resin is disclosed.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes rotating a print apparatus component to be cleaned about a first rotational axis. A cleaning element having a cleaning surface in contact with the print apparatus component may be driven such that the cleaning surface has a component of motion which is parallel to the first rotational axis in a contact region. A relative velocity of the cleaning element and the print apparatus component may be varied during a cleaning operation.

Abstract: In one example of the disclosure, a first transfer of ink is made from a photoconductor to a blanket in contact with the photoconductor. The blanket is to cycle along a path. The first transfer occurs at a first arc of the blanket path. A second transfer of the ink is made from the blanket to a media in contact with the blanket. The second transfer occurs at a second arc of the blanket path. A heat source located adjacent to a third arc of the blanket path is utilized to heat an external surface of the blanket. The heating is to occur following the second transfer of the ink.

Abstract: In one aspect an apparatus for use in an electrographic printer is described. The apparatus includes a housing defining a cavity, a developer roller, a developer electrode for developing printing substance onto the developer roller, the electrode being arranged within the cavity, and a heater for heating printing substance to be developed onto the developer roller, the heater being arranged in the cavity.

Abstract: A print agent application assembly includes a print agent transfer roller to receive print agent and transfer a portion of the print agent to a photoconductive surface. The assembly may also include a print agent regulator roller to regulate a film thickness of print agent on the print agent transfer roller. The assembly may also include a mechanism to generate an oscillating force to be applied to print agent on the print agent transfer roller. A method and a print apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes determining, using a processor, a first halftone screen comprising a plurality of cells. Each of the cells may contain a predetermined pixel cluster pattern, and a centre position of a cluster pattern within a first cell may be different to a centre position of a cluster pattern within a second cell.