Abstract: A method for forwarding a packet is provided. In the method: a first packet is received that includes first indication information, payload data, and a packet sequence number of the first packet in a data flow corresponding to the first packet. When a first network device determines that the first packet includes the first indication information, the first network device generates a plurality of second packets based on the first packet. Each of the plurality of second packets includes the payload data, the packet sequence number, and second indication information. The first network device separately forwards the plurality of second packets to a second network device over different forwarding paths.

Abstract: A method includes: An access point generates an NDPA frame, where the NDPA frame includes a station information field, and the station information field includes an AID subfield indicating an association identifier AID of a station; the station information field further includes a partial bandwidth information subfield; the partial bandwidth information subfield indicates an RU that is in a bandwidth corresponding to the NDPA frame and for which the station needs to feed back channel state information; and the bandwidth corresponding to the NDPA frame is greater than 160 MHz. The access point transmits the NDPA frame.

Abstract: A signal transmission method and an apparatus are disclosed. In an embodiment a signal transmission method includes generating a reference signal and sending the reference signal, wherein the reference signal is sent in a specific time-frequency resource, and the specific time-frequency resource is located on symbols corresponding to a synchronization signal block.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide an information sending and receiving method and a communications device. The method includes: A network device configures first information. The first information includes a first field and/or a second field, the first field includes information indicating an energy saving state of a terminal device, and the second field includes information indicating a time length in which the terminal device maintains the energy saving state. Then, the network device sends the first information to the terminal device. In addition, the method includes: The terminal device receives the first information sent by the network device. Then, the terminal device reads the first field and/or the second field, and adjusts the energy saving state of the terminal device based on information obtained through reading. The technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application can reduce energy consumption of the terminal device to some extent.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to providing a quality of service (QoS) function for communication services in communication networks. The disclosure presents a device for providing a QoS function, for a communication service of an application entity in a communication network comprising a plurality of network entities. The device is configured to transmit a monitoring request to one or more of: the application entity, a network entity, and a user equipment (UE), obtain a monitoring response from one or more of: the application entity, the network entity, and the UE, determine a change in QoS of the communication service of the application entity, based on the obtained monitoring response, and transmit the determined change in the QoS to the application entity and/or at least one of the network entities in the communication network.

Abstract: This application provides a link quality obtaining method and apparatus. One method performed by a session management network element includes: determining a monitoring link for monitoring quality of service (QoS) of a service path between a first communications device and a second communications device; sending a first link quality reporting request to the first communications device, wherein the first link quality reporting request indicates the first communications device to report QoS information of the service path in response to one or more reporting conditions being satisfied; and receiving a first link quality notification message from the first communications device, wherein the first link quality notification message comprises the QoS information and an identifier of the monitoring link.

Abstract: A sidelink communication method, a terminal device, and a network device are provided. In some embodiments, a terminal device receives resource configuration information sent by a network device, where the resource configuration information is for configuring a common resource for the terminal device, and the common resource is a resource that is configured by the network device for all terminal devices within coverage of the network device and that is to be used by all the terminal devices to perform sidelink communication. The terminal device receives sidelink BWP indication information sent by the network device, where the sidelink BWP indication information indicates N sidelink bandwidth parts SL-BWPs, and the N SL-BWPs include a frequency domain resource corresponding to the common resource, where N is a positive integer. The terminal device performs sidelink communication with another terminal device in the N SL-BWPs.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a communication method and a communications apparatus, and are used in the field of communications technologies, to resolve a problem of how to notify an access network device of an NR PC5 QoS parameter of a terminal. The method in one embodiment includes a home V2XCF that obtains an NR PC5 QoS parameter of a terminal, and the home V2XCF sends the NR PC5 QoS parameter to an access network device, such as a first network element that is in an EPS. The first network element receives the NR PC5 QoS parameter and sends the NR PC5 QoS parameter to an MME. After receiving the NR PC5 QoS parameter, the MME sends the NR PC5 QoS parameter to an access network device. The first network element may be an HSS or a PCRF.

Abstract: A non-AP MLD or a first STA in the non-AP MLD generates a first frame. The first frame includes indication information for indicating padding duration for a channel switch delay in an initial control frame. The padding duration is determined based on duration of a control response frame. The non-AP MLD or the first STA or another STA in the non-AP MLD transmits the first frame. An AP MLD or a first AP or another AP in the AP MLD receives the first frame. The AP MLD or the first AP determines the padding duration of the initial control frame based on the indication information.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus, the method including sending, by a terminal device, a random access request to a network device, where the random access request includes a random access preamble, control information, and user data, the terminal device is in an inactive state, and the control information includes at least a connection identifier and an authentication identifier, receiving, by the terminal device, a random access response sent by the network device, and performing, by the terminal device, a state transition AND/OR operation corresponding to a message format of the random access response.

Abstract: A method implemented by a network element (NE) in a network, comprising receiving, by the NE, preferred path route (PPR) information comprising a PPR identifier (PPR-ID) and a plurality of PPR-Path Description Elements (PPR-PDEs), wherein a PPR-PDE describing the egress NE comprises a destination flag, an anycast PPR-ID, and an anycast group PPR-ID associated with the egress NE, and updating, by the NE, a forwarding database to include a forwarding entry for the egress NE, wherein the forwarding entry includes the PPR-ID, the anycast PPR-ID, and the anycast group PPR-ID, and wherein the forwarding entry indicates a next element on the PPR graph by which to forward an anycast data packet comprising the anycast PPR-ID.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for calibrating voltage offset of receiver data samplers in mission mode are described. The operating conditions, including the sampling threshold, of a first sampler are matched with those of a second sampler by adjusting the voltage offset of the second sampler. The voltage offset of the first sampler is adjusted in a first voltage direction until an error rate between the two samplers meets a threshold error value at a first threshold voltage offset value. The voltage offset of the first sampler is further adjusted in a second voltage direction, opposite of the first voltage direction, until the error rate between the two samplers meets the threshold error value at a second threshold voltage offset value. The voltage offset of the first sampler is adjusted to be an average value between the first threshold voltage offset value and the second threshold voltage offset value.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to reference signal design methods and devices. In one example method, a first communication device obtains at least one sequence from a subset of sequences in a set of sequences and obtains at least one reference signal based on the obtained at least one sequence. The sequence is phase rotated during its generation, phase rotated in the frequency domain, or cyclically shifted in the time domain based on a constant value ?q. The first communication device transmits the reference signal to a second communication device.

Abstract: A method according to embodiments of this application includes: A first network device sends a first packet to a second network device, where the first packet includes first indication information, and the first indication information indicates a support status of an iFIT capability corresponding to the first network device or a first service module included in the first network device. The first network device sends the packet to the second network device, to notify the support status of the IFIT capability of the first network device. In this way, the second network device can determine, based on the iFIT capability of the first network device, whether to encapsulate a measurement header, to avoid that a service packet cannot be correctly processed because the first network device cannot strip the measurement header from the service packet.

Abstract: An information processing method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system are provided. A core network control plane network element receives a tunnel establishment request from an application function entity, where the tunnel establishment request is used to request to establish a shared tunnel for transmitting data by a terminal device; the core network control plane network element determines a tunnel configuration policy corresponding to the tunnel establishment request; the core network control plane network element selects a session management network element based on the tunnel establishment request; and the core network control plane network element sends the tunnel configuration policy to the session management network element, where the tunnel configuration policy is used to indicate the session management network element to trigger establishment of the shared tunnel between an access network node and a user plane function network element.

Abstract: This application provides a route configuration method and an apparatus, and relates to the field of communication technologies. The route configuration method includes: A session management network element obtains VLAN information of a first port, where the first port is a port, which corresponds to an established PDU session of a first terminal, on a first user plane network element, and the first user plane network element is a user plane network element that serves the first terminal. The session management network element generates first routing information and second routing information based on the VLAN information of the first port, and sends the first routing information and the second routing information to the first user plane network element.

Abstract: A method includes generating a data signal based on data, scrambling the data signal with a pseudo-random signal thereby generating a scrambled data signal, generating an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal based on the scrambled data signal, and transmitting, by a transceiver, the ASK signal.

Abstract: This application provides a channel measurement method and a communications apparatus. The method includes: A terminal device generates first indication information and sends the first indication information to a network device, where the first indication information is determined based on received precoded reference signals of P ports and is used to indicate Q ports in the P ports; the P ports correspond to P angle-delay pairs; each angle-delay pair includes one angle vector and one delay vector; the precoded reference signal of each of the P ports is obtained by precoding a reference signal based on one angle vector and one delay vector; and the Q ports correspond to Q angle-delay pairs in the P angle-delay pairs.

Abstract: This application discloses a precoding method and apparatus, and an information transmission method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communications technologies, to help improve overall performance of a plurality of data streams corresponding to a same codeword. The precoding method includes: decomposing a channel matrix into a product of a matrix Q, a matrix R, and a matrix PH, where the matrix PH is a conjugate transpose matrix of a matrix P, both the matrix Q and the matrix P are unitary matrices, and the matrix R is an upper triangular matrix; and precoding to-be-sent data based on the matrix P.

Abstract: A channel state information transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: receiving N reference signal groups, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and sending channel state information, where the channel state information includes a first resource index, a second resource index, and first channel quality information, the first resource index is a resource index of a first reference signal, the second resource index is a resource index of a second reference signal, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are reference signals in different groups in the N reference signal groups.