Abstract: A bias circuit and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) thereof suitable for improving the stability of the bias circuit are provided. The bias circuit includes: an error amplifier circuit, having an inverting input terminal connected to a reference voltage; a voltage-controlled current source, having a voltage control terminal connected to a voltage output terminal of the error amplifier circuit, in which a current generated by the current source is controlled by a voltage at the voltage output terminal of the error amplifier circuit; a delay control circuit, having a current input terminal connected to the voltage-controlled current source, an output terminal connected to a non-inverting input terminal of the error amplifier circuit, and a voltage input terminal connected to a supply terminal of the control voltage, and the delay control circuit is adapted to adjust an output voltage of the delay control circuit according to a control voltage.

Abstract: A system and method for realizing group talk QoE includes the following: a group talk control server determining the group talk QoE type according to preset QoE type corresponding with a group when group talk is established; and the group talk control server configuring the established talk characteristic, according to the QoE type corresponding with the group. A system for realizing group talk QoE includes a user device, a shared group server for storing group information and a group talk control server.

Abstract: The present invention relates to prepaid services in the communication field. A method for charging a prepaid account includes: delivering the available traffic to the NAS based on the available balance of an account shared by the user and other users in response to a successful authentication of a user's access request; and delivering the available traffic to the NAS based on the available balance of the account shared by the user and other users in response to a receipt of an Accounting-Request-Interim message from the NAS. The solution provided by the invention may deliver the available traffic to a user every accounting period so that an account can be used by multiple users concurrently, whereas overdraft does not occur. The present invention also provides a system and an AAA server for charging a prepaid account.

Abstract: The invention provides a method, an apparatus and a network for negotiating MIP capability in a network, including: negotiating the MIP capability through an Authentication and Authorization process and/or an above-physical layer capability negotiation process, to obtain service information that can be provided by the network. With the invention, the network is allowed to choose whether to provide MIP service and relevant service.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an 802.1X protocol-based multicasting control method. According to the method, an authenticated subscriber intercepts the message while sending a request message for joining in a multicasting group, then obtains the port and MAC address information from the intercepted message, searches corresponding subscriber account information from the authenticated data according to said port and MAC address, then authenticates the subscriber's account number and multicasting IP address, and adds the subscriber to the multicasting group after successful authentication; therefore, controlled multicasting, authentication of the legality of adding to multicasting, and accounting can be achieved according to the method, which can also protect existing investment and compatibility with existing software of the subscriber.

Abstract: A method for data transfer in an optical network, including: amplitude modulating, by a central office, an optical carrier by a downstream data with a first rate to generate a downstream optical signal carrying the downstream data; sending the downstream optical signal to a user terminal; obtaining, by the user terminal, the downstream data from the downstream optical signal; amplitude modulating, by the user terminal, the downstream optical signal by an upstream data with a second rate to generate an upstream optical signal, wherein the ratio of the first rate to the second rate is greater than 1; sending the upstream optical signal to the central office; and receiving, by the central office, the upstream optical signal, and obtaining, by the central office, the upstream data from the upstream optical signal. Furthermore, the present invention discloses a system and device for data transfer in the optical network.

Abstract: An optical network system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention contains a PE and a handover equipment located between the PE and a CE. The PE is adapted to provide optical network access for the CE. The handover equipment is adapted to disconnect a CE that finishes working at a handover time, and/or connect a PE with a CE that will work in a next time segment. The present invention also discloses a service handover method of optical networks. Furthermore, the present invention discloses a handover equipment and a PE in an optical network. The present invention can reduce the ports occupied by the PE.

Abstract: A multicast method includes joining a multicast group and forwarding a multicast data packet; during joining the multicast group, establishing multicast forwarding instruction information identified by a MFEC, on a network node of a distribution tree or a distribution sub-tree to which the MFEC pertains; and during forwarding the multicast data packet, forwarding multicast data packets of the same MFEC, according to the multicast forwarding instruction information. The invention further discloses a multicast method, including: classifying a collection of multicast data packets forwarded in the same mode into a MFEC; statically configuring multicast forwarding instruction information identified by the MFEC on a network node of a distribution tree or a distribution sub-tree to which the MFEC pertains; and forwarding the multicast data packets of the same MFEC, according to the multicast forwarding instruction information. The invention further discloses a multicast routing method.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for processing LMP packet carrying a control message, which includes: receiving the LMP packet carrying a control message from a peer LMP node, determining whether a state of a control channel is an available state according to the LMP packet, and updating or resetting a HelloDeadInterval timer if the control channel is in the available state. When the control channel is in the available state, the processed LMP packet is sent to the peer node, a new LMP packet carrying the control message is generated and sent to the peer node, and a HelloInterval timer is updated or reset. The present invention further provides a LMP processing unit and a LMP packet processing node.

Abstract: A method, a system and an apparatus for fast handover, and relates to the field of mobile communication. The method is to create a fixed tunnel relationship between the PAR and the NAR, where a current host route of an MN at the access routers PAR and NAR is created; and the access routers (PAR and NAR) and the MN encapsulating a message according to the current host route information of the MN, and transferring the message through a tunnel. The apparatus includes a tunnel creating module, a host route creating module, a neighbor relationship creating module, and a transferring module. The technical solution under the present disclosure needs to create only one tunnel, which improves the router efficiency greatly and makes the handover process smoother.

Abstract: A circuit-switch streaming service (CSS) system includes a circuit-switch streaming service center (CSSC), and a video interworking gateway (VIG). The system also includes an application server (AS), and the AS is connected to the CSSC for initiating a video call command to the CSSC; the CSSC identifies the video call command initiated by the AS, establishes the connection with the called terminal through the gateway based on the command, and transmits the streaming content specified by the AS to the called terminal. The invention also provides a corresponding realization method of the CSS. According to the CSS, the service of initiatively transmitting the streaming content for users can be realized and a good way for developing various video services by the operators is provided.

Abstract: A method, a system and a Virtual Private Branch Exchange (VPBX) for sending short messages, wherein users in a group can send short messages to each other by using a special service number plus an extension number; users in a group can send short messages to users outside the group by entering the special service number plus a called number; and users outside a group can send short messages to users in the group by using the main number of the group plus an extension number.

Abstract: Method, system and apparatus for processing supplementary services, and MGCF enhanced method and apparatus as well. The method for processing supplementary services is used for supplementary services in packet network when CSI terminal and IMS terminal are interworking. The method includes: after receiving session message relating to supplementary services interworking control function entity extracts detailed content from the session message; according to the detailed content, interworking control function entity executes corresponding supplementary services. The interworking control function entity includes: supplementary service information receiving unit, which receives session message relating to supplementary services and extracts detailed content from the session message; supplementary service operating unit, which executes corresponding supplementary services according to the detailed content.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a center office wideband device with a self-detection function and a method of detecting XDSL ports, where at least one control switch group is provided in the device. The respective XDSL center office ports are connected through the control switch group to outside lines with which remote user devices are connected, and the control switch group receives a control command transmitted from a control system within the device, disconnects any of the XDSL center office ports based upon the control command, and exchanges the outside lines with which two of the XDSL center office ports are connected. Through the control switch group, any of the XDSL center office ports is disconnected, or the outside lines with which two of the XDSL center office ports are connected are exchanged.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for processing dynamic service flows, wherein the UE sends a dynamic service flow processing request carrying a processing indication; and the network side executes a resource processing process and an air interface acknowledgement process. The resource processing process is: The SFM entity sends a resource processing request to the H-PF server through an anchor SFA entity according to the received dynamic service flow processing request, with the request carrying the parameters related to the resource processing request; the H-PF server sends the result of resource processing performed by each node in the network according to the resource requirements to the SFM through a resource processing response. The air interface acknowledgement process is: The SFM returns a service flow processing response to the UE; after receiving the response, the UE saves the relevant parameters, and returns an acknowledgement to the SFM.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method as regards how a network side gets a MSS into the idle mode in a wireless MAN, including: the PA/BS sends a DREG_CMD to the MSS; the MSS sends a DREG_REQ message to the PA/BS, according to the DREG_CMD message, requesting to enter the idle mode; the PA/BS releases the link of the MSS and updates the data of the anchor PC/LR after receiving the DREG_REQ message. The present invention specifies the process of a MSS entering the idle mode initiated by the network and the settings of relevant parameters, thus enhancing the stability of the process of entering the idle mode and saving the system resources.

Abstract: A negative feedback circuit including: a voltage follower for making the output voltage follow a reference voltage, a proportional current mirror for outputting a current in proportion to a reference current via a reference resistor as a input current of the proportional current mirror, a comparison arbiter for comparing the voltage across the reference resistor and the voltage across a first variable resistor to acquire a regulating signal, inputting the regulating signal to the third regulating end of the first variable resistor and inputting the regulating signal to the third regulating end of a second variable resistor to synchronously regulate the resistances of the first and second variable resistors and thus make the resistances of the first and second variable resistors equal to the desired terminating resistance. The present invention also discloses a method and apparatus for performing on-chip impedance matching for a transmission line.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for policy routing is provided. The method includes: A. configuring a policy routing to a label switching path and obtaining and saving forwarding information; and B. performing packet forwarding based on the forwarding information.

Abstract: A method and a device for reordering data in a mobile communication system are disclosed. The method comprises: receiving correctly decoded transmission blocks and transmitting the blocks to a link control entity by a receiving-end MAC entity; decapsulating the transmission blocks and reordering and reassembling the resulting upper-layer PDUs by the receiving-end link control entity to obtain SDUs. The device includes: a first retransmitting unit which is adapted to transmit received transmission blocks to the second retransmitting unit; and a second retransmitting unit connected to the first retransmitting unit, which is adapted to receive and decapsulate the transmission blocks from the first retransmitting unit to obtain upper-layer PDUs, reorder and reassemble the PDUs to obtain SDUs, and transmit the SDUs to the upper layers. By reducing the number of data reorderings between protocol layers and simplifying data header information, the present invention reduces data transmission delay and data overhead.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method, system and apparatus for task processing in device management so that a scheduled task may be triggered and executed normally, according to a predetermined triggering condition when the execution of the task is affected by a state of a terminal device or an operation of the terminal device. The method according to the invention includes steps of determining a scheduled task when the execution of the scheduled task is affected by a state of a terminal device or an operation of the terminal device; and prompting a user to select a processing manner for the scheduled task, and processing the affected scheduled task according to the user's selection, or processing the scheduled task in a predetermined processing manner.