Abstract: Systems and apparatus for assigning sub-bands to numerologies are provided. A system bandwidth is divided into bandwidth portions, and the bandwidth portions are used as the unit of assignment for assigning sub-bands to numerologies. Systems and methods are also provided for allocating resource blocks over a bandwidth such as a sub-band. The available bandwidth is divided into sub-band portions, and the bandwidth portions are used as the unit of allocation for allocating resource blocks to user equipment.

Abstract: A combiner is provided and belongs to the communications field. The combiner includes a conductive housing, a printed circuit board PCB, a conductive column, and a first conductor. The PCB, the conductive column, and the first conductor are located inside the conductive housing; one end of the conductive column is fastened to a bottom part of the conductive housing, the PCB is fastened to a top part of the conductive housing, and the first conductor is fastened to the PCB; and an axial direction of the first conductor is parallel to an axial direction of the conductive column, and a partial region of a side surface of the first conductor is opposite to the conductive column.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a polar code rate matching method and apparatus, and a communications apparatus. The rate matching method includes: determining N to-be-encoded bits, where the N to-be-encoded bits include N1 information bits, and both N1 and N are positive integers; encoding the N to-be-encoded bits to obtain N encoded bits; obtaining a first puncturing sequence based on an information bit length N1, the quantity N of the encoded bits, and a quantity Q of to-be-punctured bits; and performing a puncturing operation on the N encoded bits based on the first puncturing sequence to implement a rate matching. To-be-punctured bits indicated in the first puncturing sequence are obtained based on the information bit length N1, the quantity N of the encoded bits, and the quantity Q of the to-be-punctured bits, and are not generated randomly.

Abstract: The disclosed systems, structures, and methods are directed to monitoring performance of optical networks. Transmitted and received optical channel signal has both low-power gaps and an amplitude modulation pilot tone applied. The low-power gaps are applied at a gap frequency with gap power being lower than a signal power of the optical channel signal. The pilot tone is applied to the optical channel signal at a pilot tone modulation frequency, which is different from the gap frequency. Described methods include determining pilot tone modulation depth based on detected gap power in low-power gaps of the received optical channel signal. Amplifier spontaneous emission and nonlinear noise in optical link are detected separately. This permits determining and monitoring of optical signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A control information sending method, a control information receiving method, and a device, where a first device sends first control information to a second device on a first resource such that second device prepares data information based on the first control information and waits for sending the data information. The first device sends second control information on a second resource different from the first resource such that the second device sends the data information based on the second control information. The first resource is different from the second resource such that a duration of preparing the data information by the second device is greatly greater than an interval between control information and uplink data in one time interval, and the second device has sufficient time to prepare the data information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a call control method and an apparatus that implement, in a terminal that is in call state, an operation function that corresponds to the call content. The operation function is designed to prevent a user from missing the call content when the user is engaged in a different task. The method includes the following steps: during a call between two terminals: detecting, by one of the terminals, the content of the call between the two terminals; and when the call content matches preset target information, performing by this terminal, an operation that corresponds to the detected call content.

Abstract: An apparatus for identifying similar electronic messages includes a processor configured to detect a first electronic message, detect a set of one or more significant words in the first electronic message, compare the detected set of one or more significant words in the first electronic message to one or more sets of one or more significant words from a plurality of other electronic messages, and present at least a second electronic message from the plurality of other electronic messages that includes a set of one or more significant words that is similar to the detected set of one or more significant words in the first electronic message.

Abstract: A method and device for coding and decoding are disclosed. The method includes: dividing a picture to be encoded into several slices, each containing macroblocks continuous in a designated scanning sequence in the picture; dividing slices in the picture into one or more slice sets according to attribute information of the slices, each slice set containing one or more slices; and encoding the slices in the slice sets according to slice and slice set division information to get a coded bit stream of the picture. The decoding method includes: obtaining slice and slice set division information from a bit stream to be decoded and decoding the bit stream according to the obtained slice and slice set division information. The invention improves the performance of video transmission effectively and realizes region based coding. The implementation of coding and decoding is simple and the complexity of coding and decoding systems is reduced.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications technologies, and provide a service state transition method and an apparatus, to implement a process of an automatic state transition between different service statuses. The method includes: obtaining a target service status and a current service status of a network service; determining a first transition condition for transiting the network service from the current service status to the target service status, where the first transition condition includes status information of a first dependent object on which execution of the network service depends; and transiting, based on the first transition condition, the first dependent object from a current first service status to a second service status indicated in the status information of the first dependent object, to enable the network service to be automatically transited from the current service status to the target service status.

Abstract: Methods and devices for performing role change are described. Dynamic signaling is used. Example formats for uplink and downlink signaling is also described. In some examples, an electronic device (ED) receives, via dynamic signaling, from a first serving cell, with which the ED initially has a primary connection, a role change trigger. The role change trigger causes the ED to use a connection with a second serving cell, with which the ED initially has a secondary connection, as the primary connection instead of the first serving cell.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a passive optical network communications method: reporting, by an optical network unit, ONU, a calibration record of the ONU, where the calibration record includes an ID of a calibrated wavelength channel; sending a first message to the ONU when the OLT determines, according to the calibration record, that a target wavelength channel ID corresponding to a target wavelength channel to which the ONU needs to switch is not in the calibration record, where the first message includes a forced wavelength switching flag; and instructing the ONU to switch to the calibrated target wavelength channel. In this way, the ONU can implement wavelength switching quickly after calibrating a new wavelength channel so as to perform data communication over the calibrated new wavelength channel.

Abstract: An interference coordination method includes: determining, by a first cell, first configuration information of the first cell. The first configuration information includes a parameter for transmitting uplink control information UCI by a terminal served by the first cell, the parameter included in the first configuration information is a parameter configured for the first cell and is a parameter orthogonal to a parameter configured for a second cell, and the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell; and notifying, by the first cell, the first configuration information to the served terminal.

Abstract: A power control method, including receiving indication information, where the indication information indicates a power control parameter specific to a bandwidth part, and sending uplink information on the bandwidth part by using a transmit power, where the transmit power is based on the power control parameter specific to the bandwidth part and is further based on a common power control parameter of a carrier in which the bandwidth part is disposed.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a channel between radio remote unit (RRUs) includes: for each subcarrier in M subcarriers in full bandwidth, instructing, by a baseband unit (BBU), a reference RRU to transceive a calibration signal on the subcarrier by using a reference channel and a preset channel in a preset RRU, and calculating a calibration coefficient; and determining a first correspondence according to M calibration coefficients obtained by means of calculation, where the first correspondence includes a correspondence between a frequency of each subcarrier and the calibration coefficient on the subcarrier, 2?M<N, N is a total quantity of subcarriers in the full bandwidth, and both M and N are integers.

Abstract: A communication method and a related apparatus are disclosed. The method is performed by an MME, including: receiving an attach request message from an eNB, where the attach request message is used to request to attach to a network, and the attach request message includes an identity of the UE; sending, to an HSS according to the attach request message, an authentication data request message including the identity of the UE; receiving an authentication data response message including an AV from the HSS, where the authentication data response message is used to indicate that the authorization on the UE succeeds; and determining, according to the authentication data response message, that the UE is allowed to perform a V2X service, and performing authentication on the UE according to the AV. The method can enable a network side to perform authentication on UE during V2V communication, thereby reducing an air-interface resource overhead.

Abstract: The disclosed structures and methods are directed to antenna systems configured to transmit and receive a wireless signal in and from different directions. A switchable lens antenna has excitation ports radiating radio-frequency (RF) wave into a parallel-plate waveguide structure, and a frequency selective structure (FSS). The antenna presented herein is configured to operate in two modes depending on a steering angle of the RF wave propagating in the parallel-plate waveguide structure. When the steering angle is about or less than a threshold steering angle, FSS is OFF due to its stubs being electrically disconnected from the parallel-plate waveguide structure. When the steering angle is higher than the threshold, FSS is ON with stubs being electrically connected to the parallel-plate waveguide structure. When ON, FSS provides phase variance to the RF wave propagating in the parallel-plate waveguide structure and increases steering angle of the RF wave.

Abstract: The disclosed systems, structures, and methods are directed to a mm-Wave communication structure employing a first transmission structure employing a first ring transition structure followed by a first ground structure and a second ground structure configured to carry a ground signal, a second transmission structure employing a second ring transition structure followed by a third ground structure and a fourth ground structure configured to carry the ground signal, a third transmission structure configured to carry a mm-Wave signal, wherein the third transmission structure begins at the center of the first ring transition structure and the second ring transition structure and the third transmission structure is coplanar with the second transmission structure, and a fourth transmission structure configured to operatively couple an IC and the first transmission layer, the second transmission layer, and the third transmission structure.

Abstract: A terminal sends a first advertisement request to an advertisement server, where the first advertisement request includes a device identifier of the terminal and an advertisement slot identifier of a first client on the terminal. The advertisement server determines a target advertisement and first permission information according to the first advertisement, request, and returns the target advertisement and the first permission information to the terminal. The first permission information is permission information that is determined by the advertisement server based on the device identifier and that is used to instruct the first client to display the target advertisement. The terminal controls, based on the received first permission information, the target advertisement to be displayed on the first client.

Abstract: A packet processing method includes sending, by the first provider edge (PE) device, a Media Access Control (MAC) entry update packet to a third PE device when a port of a first PE device that is connected to a customer edge (CE) device is switched from an activated state to a deactivated state, wherein the MAC entry update packet is sent to trigger the third PE device to delete a first MAC entry whose packet forwarding destination address is the first PE device, generating, through learning, a second MAC entry whose packet forwarding destination address is a second PE device, and forwarding a packet based on the second MAC entry.

Abstract: A fast change method for a digital video broadcasting (DVB) channel. A fast channel change (FCC) server is introduced into an existing DVB system architecture, and a unicast transport stream is fast sent to a user equipment in a manner of unicast of the FCC server assisting broadcast. A transport stream (TS) stream and a Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) stream are synchronized by comparing presentation time stamp (PTS) values of TS streams on a DVB side and an FCC side. In this way, it is ensured that the user equipment fast displays an image, channel change time is reduced, a channel change speed is increased, and user experience is improved.