Abstract: A heating strip or film panel is connectable to a source of electrical power and is sandwiched between one or more facing panels of flexible or rigid material, and when connected to a source of electrical power, radiate heat from one or both sides. In one embodiment, insulation and a reflective sheet may be incorporated so that one side of the assembly remains cool and the other radiates heat. If required, the assembly may be used in any location requiring heat and in which the panels can be mounted such as in walls, ceilings, floors and the like. In another embodiment, the panels are flexible and can be wrapped around the object to be heated. If desired, the panel can be molded into a helment shaped configuration and can be used, for example, as a hair dryer and another embodiment, a flexible panel can be routed around dowels to give an increased cross sectional heat source area as compared with a planar sheet.

Abstract: A film of electroconductive particles is impregnated into a glass fiber mat and sandwiched between insulating protecting layers and connectable to source of electrical power so that the entire panel develops heat which is then radiated through the protective panels. Conductive strips are sewn or otherwise secured to the edges of the glass fiber mat and the protecting layers can either be flexible plastic material or alternatively can be rigid panels such as plywood, plasterboard or the like.