Abstract: A very small aperture terminal (VSAT) installation tool is provided having the ability to measure cable loss along an interfacility link (IFL) between an outdoor unit and an indoor unit of the VSAT. Radio frequency (RF) signals can be transmitted from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit, where the RF signals are intercepted along the IFL prior to reaching the outdoor unit, and the output power is determined. The determined output power is compared to an expected output power at the indoor unit. The delta between the determined output power and the expected output power can be used to adjust the power of the indoor unit such that the outdoor unit can operate without reaching its compression point. The determined output power can be extrapolated based upon measured of the output power performed over a range of frequencies at which the indoor unit operates.

Abstract: A transmitter includes a buffer programmed to queue packets and a computing device having a processor and a data storage medium. The computing device is programmed to generate at least two sub-packets from each of the plurality of packets stored in the queue. For each sub-packet, the computing device is programmed to identify a plurality of transmission opportunities. Each transmission opportunity is associated with one of a plurality of networks. The computing device is further programmed to select among the plurality of transmission opportunities and transmit the sub-packet over the network associated with the selected transmission opportunity.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for delivering layer-2 services over a layer-3 network. The apparatus includes a layer-2 module for transmitting and receiving layer-2 packets over a first communication network, and a layer-3 module for converting the layer-2 packet into a format that can be transmitted over a conventional layer-3 network. The converted layer-2 packet is transmitted with sufficient information to allow reconstruction of the original layer-2 packet at the destination device. The apparatus can also be configured to simultaneously transmit and receive layer-2 packets and layer-3 packets over the layer3 network.

Abstract: A method for synchronization of user terminal (UT) uplink data transmissions to a satellite in a satellite communications system is provided. The UT tracks frame timing and frequency of downlink data transmissions received by the UT from the satellite. The UT estimates a respective timing delay and frequency shift of the downlink data transmissions based on the tracked frame timing and frequency of the downlink data transmissions. The UT receives satellite ephemeris data broadcast by the satellite. The UT synchronizes uplink data transmissions to the satellite based on the estimated timing delay and frequency shift of the downlink data transmissions, the received satellite ephemeris data, and knowledge of a UT position and velocity vectors associated with any movement of the UT.

Abstract: An approach is provided for reliable provision of targeted, status-based messaging to a client terminal in a computer network, such as a wide area resource-based network. A terminal node receives a message originating from a client terminal, wherein the terminal node serves as an entry point to, and services communications connections over, a wide area network for the client terminal. The terminal node determines that the message comprises an initiation request for establishing a communications connection over the wide area network between the client terminal and a remote server, and that an intercept state is in effect. The terminal node establishes the communications connection as a local connection between the client terminal and the terminal node, and services the communications connection via a local server function, wherein the servicing of the communications connection via the local server function comprises a provision of status-based messaging to the client terminal.

Abstract: Characterizing transport protocol connections and controlling behavior of a communication network based on the characterizations, including obtaining transport protocol state information for transport protocol packets on a transport protocol connection; identifying request/response periods for the transport protocol connection based on the transport protocol state information, the identifying including identifying a beginning of a first request/response period based on the transport protocol state information for a first forward packet, and identifying an end of the first request/response period and a beginning of a second request/response period based on the transport protocol state information for a second forward packet; associating an application type with a server endpoint based on the identified request/response periods; and controlling behavior of the communication network based on the application type.

Abstract: Methods and systems of history-based instantaneous QoS class classification of traffic flow. QoS classifications are mapped to target destinations such that, when a first flow parcket packet of a traffic flow requesting access to a resource associated with the target destination, a classifier can instantaneously classify the traffic flow as belonging to a particular QoS class for servicing of the traffic flow.

Abstract: A data stream processing device including a first tapped delay line which outputs data values received via a first data input on N first taps, wherein N is two or more; a second tapped data delay line which outputs data values received via a second data input on N second taps; a first processing unit including N first delayed data inputs and which generates a first data output based on the N first delayed data inputs; a second processing unit including N second delayed data inputs and which generates a second data output based on the N second delayed data inputs; and control circuitry including a mode selection input, and which is coupled to in response to the mode selection input receiving a signal indicating a first mode, simultaneously couple each of the first taps to a respective one of the first delayed data inputs and couple each of the second taps to a respective one of the second delayed data inputs, and in response to the mode select input not receiving a signal indicating the first mode, simultaneou

Abstract: Each of a first group of gateway nodes of a communications network operates as a primary gateway identified by a respective unique gateway identification number (GWID), and each of a second group of gateway nodes operates as a backup gateway. Each gateway node has an assigned backup priority level with respect to each GWID. The gateway nodes are interconnected via a common local network. In the event that a primary gateway node becomes non-operational, the backup gateway that is assigned the highest priority level with respect to the GWID of the non-operational primary gateway assumes operation as the primary gateway identified by that GWID. Upon restoration of the non-operational gateway node, the gateway node operates as a backup gateway in place of the gateway node that assumed its operation as the primary gateway. A gateway node operates as a primary gateway for only one respective GWID at a time.

Abstract: A method for providing service levels in a Radio Frequency (RF) network is disclosed. The method including: associating one or more service levels with each supported symbol rate, modulation and error correction encoded scheme (ModCod); assigning a subscriber service level for a RF transmitter; receiving a signal quality of a transmission by the RF transmitter; selecting a transmit ModCod from the supported ModCods, wherein the signal quality exceeds a threshold signal quality for the transmit ModCod; and authorizing the RF transmitter to transmit to the receiver when the subscriber service level is included in the one or more service levels associated with the transmit ModCod, wherein signal quality adapts to a signal fade.

Abstract: Modulation and coding for a high altitude platform is disclosed. An example apparatus includes a gateway antenna configured to communicate with a ground-based gateway station and user antennas configured to provide communication coverage among a plurality of terminals within a specified area on the ground or in the air. Each user antenna is configured to communicate with a cell within the specified area. The example apparatus also includes a processor configured to demodulate and decode a first modulation scheme and a first coding scheme used for a feeder link provided by the gateway antenna, and apply at least a second modulation scheme and a second coding scheme for user links provided in spot beams by the user antennas. The first modulation scheme and the first coding scheme are configured to be relatively more spectrally efficient compared to the second modulation scheme and the second coding scheme for the user links.

Abstract: A satellite terminal and a machine-implemented method are provided for encoding a burst header of a burst for transmission on an inroute. One component of a group of satellite terminal components consisting of an ASIC, a FPGA, and a DSP, generates a burst header having five information bits encoded therein. The five information bits may be encoded using a Reed-Muller code, a (32, 5) block code or a convolutional code having a code rate of either 1/5 or 1/10. The five information bits may represent one or more of a modulation type for a payload of the burst, a code rate for encoding the payload, a code type, and a spreading factor for spreading the payload during transmission. A satellite gateway and a machine-implemented method are also provided for decoding a burst header of a burst received on an inroute as described above.

Abstract: In a telecommunication system, a gateway receives a first burst packet and a second burst packet, both encoded with a unique word associated with a color, a value, and an associated time slot. The gateway associates the second burst packet to the first burst packet based on the color and value associated with the unique word used to encode the second burst packet and a received time slot at which the second burst packet is received. A terminal generates the burst packets by generating the first burst packet with a group header and the second burst packet without the group header, encoding the first burst packet and the second burst packet with the unique word, and transmitting the encoded first burst packet and the encoded second burst packet to the gateway.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for avoiding negative compression in communication networks. A TCP connection is identified from traffic data being received across the communication network. TCP connections which facilitate HTTP transactions are examined to determine whether compression eligible information is being transmitted. All packets associated with the TCP connection are compressed, if the transaction includes compression eligible information. All packets associated with the TCP connection are output in compressed form. All other packets are output in their originally received form.

Abstract: Disclosed methods include a resource manager in a multiple node network receiving a demand for additional bandwidth, from a terminal, and the resource manager having updated information on the state of the mobile node network and, using that the state information, performing test allocation of the requested bandwidth to the requesting terminal. Disclosed methods include determining whether previous commitments of service can be met with the test allocation in place. Associated with a positive result, an allocation is sent to the terminal.

Abstract: A system and method for providing communications with a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellation using a non-omnidirectional antenna is disclosed. A system and method for determining blockages around a non-omnidirectional antenna for use with a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellation is disclosed. The method including: receiving System Information (SI) including ephemeris data for satellites in the LEO constellation; receiving a segment division that divides a ground about the antenna into segments; and determining a segment blocking information for the antenna.

Abstract: A monitoring tool to facilitate real-time system performance monitoring, fault detection, fault isolation, and fault remediation verification, wherein the monitoring tool is connected to each of a plurality of gateways within a network, including a request reporter module configured to record results of URL access requests from one or more end users, a processing module configured to calculate a set of metrics based on success and failure rates for each of the URL access requests recorded by the request reporter and distinguish between failures related to the network and failures unrelated to the network, and a consolidator module configured to organize and present the set of metrics into a format useable for monitoring the network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for enhancing flatness of frequency response of couplings of radio frequency (RF) ports in an RF switch matrix. Techniques include determining a second RF port has been selected to be coupled to a first RF port via a coupling, obtaining an indication of a frequency or frequencies to be carried via the coupling, determining an amount of attenuation or amplification for the coupling for the frequency or frequencies, and adjusting attenuation or amplification applied to the coupling according to the determined amount attenuation or amplification.

Abstract: A communications terminal receives a data communications signal via a random access channel. A processor searches for data bursts in a first time-slot that include one of a first set of signature sequences assigned to the first time-slot. When a data burst A in the first time-slot includes one of the first set of signature sequences, the data burst A in the first time-slot is an initial burst of a message from a first communications terminal. The processor determines whether a second time-slot includes a data burst B that includes the one signature sequence. When the second time-slot includes the data burst B, the message is a multi-burst message and that the data burst B is a second burst of the multi-burst message. When the second time-slot does not include the data burst B the message is a single-burst message that has been completed via the first time-slot.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for performing Layered Belief LDPC decoding on received Standard Belief LDPC encoded data bursts. In on implementation, a receiver: demodulates a signal, the demodulated signal including a noise corrupted signal derived from a codeword encoded using standard belief LDPC encoding; converts the noise corrupted signal derived from the standard belief LDPC encoded codeword to a noise corrupted signal derived from a layered belief LDPC encoded codeword; and decodes the noise corrupted signal derived from the layered belief LDPC encoded codeword using a layered belief LDPC decoder. In further implementations, systems are described for reducing collisions in Layered Belief LDPC decoders that occur when multiple parity checks need the same soft decision at the same time. In these implementations, elements in an original LBD decoder table are rearranged to increase the distance between elements specifying the same location in a RAM where soft decisions are stored.