Abstract: Methods and compositions for decentralized systems for mitigating climate change are provided. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise: one or more first servers operable to store a plurality of first tokens, wherein each one of the plurality of first tokens is associated with fiscal value; one or more second servers operable to store a plurality of second tokens, wherein each one of the plurality of second tokens corresponds to a unit of voting power; one or more project developer nodes operable to transmit project data corresponding to renewable energy or carbon sequestration; one or more auditor nodes operable to verify an identity, validate credentials, perform a project assessment, generate a smart contract, receive signals, and transmit signals; and one or more steward nodes, wherein each one of the one or more steward nodes is operable to stake tokens for voting power and to distribute voting power.

Abstract: A road embedded battery includes a first encapsulation layer disposed on top of a road grade base. A first conductor mesh is disposed on top of the first encapsulation layer and an anode material is embedded into to first conductor mesh. A permeable membrane is disposed on top of the anode material. A second conductor mesh is disposed on top of the permeable membrane and a cathode material is embedded into the second conductor mesh. A second encapsulation layer is disposed on top of the cathode material.

Abstract: Battery systems, methods of in-situ grid-scale battery construction, and in-situ battery regeneration methods are disclosed. The battery system features controllable capacity regeneration for grid-scale energy storage. The battery system includes a battery comprising a plurality of cells. Each cell includes a cathode comprising cathode electrode materials disposed on a first current collector, an anode comprising anode electrode materials disposed on a second current collector, a separator or spacer disposed between the cathode and the anode an electrolyte to fill the battery in the spaces between electrodes. The battery system includes a battery system controller, wherein the battery system controller is configured to selectively charge and discharge the battery at a normal cutoff voltage and wherein the battery system controller is further configured to selectively charge and discharge the battery at a capacity regeneration voltage as part of a healing reaction to generate active electrode materials.

Abstract: A subsurface battery comprises an anodic fracture disposed within a subsurface stratum and a cathodic fracture disposed with the subsurface stratum. A first well electrode contacts the anodic fracture and a second well electrode contacts the cathodic fracture.

Abstract: Batteries, methods for recycling batteries, and methods of forming one or more electrodes for batteries are disclosed. The battery includes at least one of (i) a cathode including a nickel-rich material and a first sub-nanoscale metal oxide coating on the nickel-rich material; and (ii) an anode including an anode material and a second sub-nanoscale metal oxide coating disposed on the anode material.

Abstract: A system includes an energy storage device geographically proximate a plurality of load centers. The energy storage device is coupled to one or more of the plurality of load centers for supplying energy to the load centers and is also coupled to an energy generation source for receiving energy from the energy generation source. The system also includes a control system that is operable to receive energy market data, monitor the plurality of load centers, the energy storage device, and the energy generation source, and control the charging and dispatching of the energy storage device based on the monitoring and the energy market data.

Abstract: A tapered magnetorheological (MR) valve includes a first fixed housing that remains in a fixed position along a central axis of the tapered MR valve. A second housing moves linearly along the central axis of the tapered MR valve. The first fixed housing and the second housing together define a first MR fluid chamber and a second MR fluid chamber for containing MR fluid interconnected by an MR fluid channel. The second housing moves linearly between a first position and a second position along the central axis of the tapered MR valve to control flow of the MR fluid through the MR fluid channel.

Abstract: A tapered magnetorheological (MR) valve includes a first fixed housing that remains in a fixed position along a central axis of the tapered MR valve. The first fixed housing defines a first surface of a MR fluid channel that is at an angle with respect to the central axis of the tapered MR valve. A second housing moves linearly along the central axis of the tapered MR valve. The second housing defines a second surface of the MR fluid channel that is at the angle with respect to the central axis of the tapered MR valve. The first fixed housing and the second housing together define a first MR fluid chamber and a second MR fluid chamber interconnected by the MR fluid channel. The second housing moves linearly between a first position and a second position along the central axis of the tapered MR valve.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, hybrid solar cell-batteries, and other such devices may include an active layer disposed between two electrodes. The active layer may have perovskite material and other material such as mesoporous material, interfacial layers, thin-coat interfacial layers, and combinations thereof. The perovskite material may be photoactive. The perovskite material may be disposed between two or more other materials in the photovoltaic device. Inclusion of these materials in various arrangements within an active layer of a photovoltaic device may improve device performance. Other materials may be included to further improve device performance, such as, for example: additional perovskites, and additional interfacial layers.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer programs for monitoring production of fluids from a subterranean formation includes receiving, from a first sensor array at a first time, a first set of electromagnetic signals generated by an electro seismic or seismoelectric conversion of seismic signals caused, at least in part, by the production of fluid from the subterranean formation; receiving, from the first sensor array at a second time, a second set of electromagnetic signals generated by an electroseismic or seismoelectric conversion of seismic signals caused, at least in part, by the production of fluid from the subterranean formation; and determining one or more reservoir properties based, at least in part, on the first and second sets signals received from the first sensor array. The first sensor array is arranged to monitor the production operation.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, hybrid solar cell-batteries, and other such devices may include an active layer disposed between two electrodes, the active layer having perovskite material and other material such as mesoporous material, interfacial layers, thin-coat interfacial layers, and combinations thereof. The perovskite material may be photoactive. The perovskite material may be disposed between two or more other materials in the photovoltaic device. Inclusion of these materials in various arrangements within an active layer of a photovoltaic device may improve device performance. Other materials may be included to further improve device performance, such as, for example: additional perovskites, and additional interfacial layers.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, hybrid solar cell-batteries, and other such devices may include an active layer disposed between two electrodes. The active layer may have perovskite material and other material such as mesoporous material, interfacial layers, thin-coat interfacial layers, and combinations thereof. The perovskite material may be photoactive. The active layer may include a titanate. The perovskite material may be disposed between two or more other materials in the photovoltaic device. Inclusion of these materials in various arrangements within an active layer of a photovoltaic device may improve device performance. Other materials may be included to further improve device performance, such as, for example: additional perovskites, and additional interfacial layers.

Abstract: Photoactive compositions of matter, methods for their design and synthesis, and various applications of such compositions of matter are disclosed. Such photoactive compositions may, for example, include any one or more of the following: a core moiety; a primary electron donor moiety; an electron-withdrawing moiety; and an alkyl tail. Some photoactive compositions may further include multiple additional electron donor moieties, electron-withdrawing moieties, and alkyl tails. Methods for designing such photoactive compositions may include selecting a core moiety; selecting an electron-withdrawing moiety to add to the core moiety in order to modify the composition's electronic properties; selecting a primary electron donor moiety to be added in order to further modify the composition's electronic properties; selecting a second electron donor moiety to be added in order to modify the composition's electronic properties even further, if necessary; and synthesizing the designed composition.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for communicating in a borehole. In one example, the method includes receiving a baseband signal transmitted through a drill string using a plurality of elastic waves, where a spectrum of the baseband signal is duplicated after transmission due to oversampling. At least one passband is selected in order to recover the baseband signal from the duplicated spectrum. The baseband signal is decoded to recover a bit stream contained within the baseband signal.

Abstract: A method for processing a perovskite photoactive layer. The method comprises depositing a lead salt precursor onto a substrate to form a lead salt thin film, depositing a second salt precursor onto the lead salt thin film, annealing the substrate to form a perovskite material.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, hybrid solar cell-batteries, and other such devices may include an active layer disposed between two electrodes. The active layer may have perovskite material and other material such as mesoporous material, interfacial layers, thin-coat interfacial layers, and combinations thereof. The perovskite material may be photoactive. The perovskite material may be disposed between two or more other materials in the photovoltaic device. Inclusion of these materials in various arrangements within an active layer of a photovoltaic device may improve device performance. Other materials may be included to further improve device performance, such as, for example: additional perovskites, and additional interfacial layers.

Abstract: A method for surveying, may include receiving, by a processor, first survey data from a first source, the first source comprising a first signal generated by a subsurface earth formation in response to a passive-source electromagnetic signal, wherein the electromagnetic signal is generated by an electroseismic or seismoelectric conversion of the passive-source electromagnetic signal. The method may also include receiving, by the processor, second survey data from a second source and processing the first survey data and the second survey data to determine one or more properties of a subsurface earth formation.

Abstract: A system and method for surface steerable drilling are provided. In one example, the method includes monitoring operating parameters for drilling rig equipment and bottom hole assembly (BHA) equipment for a BHA, where the operating parameters control the drilling rig equipment and BHA equipment. The method includes receiving current inputs corresponding to performance data of the drilling rig equipment and BHA equipment during a drilling operation and determining that an amount of change between the current inputs and corresponding previously received inputs exceeds a defined threshold. The method further includes determining whether a modification to the operating parameters has occurred that would result in the amount of change exceeding the defined threshold and identifying that a problem exists in at least one of the drilling rig equipment and BHA equipment if no modification has occurred to the operating parameters. The method includes performing a defined action if a problem exists.

Abstract: A system and method for surface steerable drilling are provided. In one example, the system receives toolface information for a bottom hole assembly (BHA) and non-survey sensor information corresponding to a location of the BHA in a borehole. The system calculates an amount of incremental progress made by the BHA based on the non-survey sensor information and calculates an estimate of the location based on the toolface information and the amount of incremental progress. The system repeats the steps of receiving toolface information and non-survey sensor information and calculating an amount of incremental progress to calculate an estimate of a plurality of locations representing a path of the BHA from a first survey point towards a second sequential survey point.

Abstract: A system and method for surface steerable drilling are provided. In one example, the system receives feedback information from a drilling rig and calculates an estimated position of a drill bit in a formation based on the feedback information. The system compares the estimated position to a desired position along a planned path of a borehole. The system calculates multiple solutions if the comparison indicates that the estimated position is outside a defined margin of error relative to the desired position. Each solution defines a path from the estimated position to the planned path. The system calculates a cost of each solution and selects one of the solutions based at least partly on the cost. The system produces control information representing the selected solution and outputs the control information for the drilling rig.