Abstract: A papermaking fabric having permanent resistance to adhesion of contaminants, and a method to make such a fabric by treatment of a papermakers fabric with a solution having as its primary components tetrafluoroethylene, urethane copolymer and polyacrylamide. The treatment, prepared in a solution, is coated on the fabric and cured to impart permanent anti-sticking properties to the fabric.

Abstract: A papermaker's felt having a dual layer base with a high absorption capacity with a weave pattern having twice as many machine direction yarns on the top side of the fabric as compared to the bottom side of the fabric. The yarns may be spun yarns, multi-filaments, monofilaments, core-wrapped yarns and any kind of twists. Treated and extruded yarns may also be used. The base fabric is attached to a top fabric by needling.

Abstract: An improved papermakers' press felt and a method to make such an improved press felt, for use in papermaking, cellulose and similar machines, including a base fabric assembly joined without seaming. In one embodiment, the ends of the base fabric are joined to create an endless fabric by a needling operation that also entangles the batt into the base fabric. The ends to be joined to the flat-woven base fabric are preferably cut on a diagonal. To produce this fabric, a flat-woven base fabric is cut to the proper dimensions for a press felt and rolled into two continuous loops, one inside the other, to form the base fabric assembly. Alternatively, two flat-woven base fabrics of the appropriate size for a press felt are used. Each fabric is rolled once to form a loop and the two loops are assembled, one within the other, to form the base fabric assembly.

Abstract: A multi-layer self-stitched papermakers' fabric including a top fabric layer of relatively fine machine direction and cross machine direction yarns and a bottom fabric layer of relatively coarse machine direction and cross machine direction yarns, interwoven to produce seating and self-stitching conditions for optimal drainage. In a preferred embodiment, the top fabric layer has a right to left twill on its upper papermaking surface and the bottom fabric layer has a left to right twill on its upper interlacing surface.

Abstract: A papermakers' fabric, especially a forming fabric, with very high fiber support and open area on its top surface to enhance the papermaking characteristics. The papermaking surface consists of a woven fabric layer with single float machine direction yarn knuckles; i.e., no machine direction yarn passes over two or more adjacent top surface cross machine direction yarns. To complete the papermaking surface, into this base structure is woven two additional, generally smaller diameter, cross machine direction yarns for every cross machine direction yarn in the base weave papermaking surface. These two additional cross machine direction yarn pairs are woven in reverse weave patterns to one another such that natural interposing forces cause the two yarns to align one over the other centrally between two adjacent cross machine direction yarns of the fabric layer.

Abstract: A dual compartment vacufoil unit for making linerboard grade or other multi-layer paper comprising a dual compartment vacufoil and a forming blade and a method of using same. The dual compartment vacufoil unit is positioned beneath the forming blade, with an upstream compartment located on the upstream portion of the forming blade evacuating air through a primary paper sheet prior to application of the secondary discharge, and a downstream compartment located on the downstream portion of the forming blade. The forming blade is positioned directly beneath the secondary pulp discharge.

Abstract: A papermakers' fabric having at least one layer of elastomeric foam to minimize the amplitude of vibration from the press roll. The elastomeric foam layer may be needled, chemically adhered, attached mechanically or adhered directly to the base fabric and the first batt layer on the paper contacting side of the fabric. A foam layer may also optionally be provided on the transport roll contacting side of the base fabric.

Abstract: An improved papermakers' fabric for use in papermaking, cellulose and similar machines, comprising a first layer of cross-machine direction yarns, which layer is intended in the position of use of the fabric to face the material to be formed, a second layer of cross-machine direction yarns stacked approximately under the first layer of cross machine direction yarns, which layer is intended in the position of use of the fabric to face the machine drive rollers, and machine direction yarns interweaving said two cross-machine direction layers. The paperside cross-machine direction yarns are woven for maximum cross-machine fiber support with alternate 6 float and 8 float sections. The machine side cross-machine direction yarns have a 14 float, ensuring high cross machine yarn volume available for wear before the load bearing machine direction yarns are subject to wear.

Abstract: A method for making a woven dryer fabric having different permeabilities in different sections across its width to control the moisture profile of a web being conveyed through the dryer section of the papermaking machine is disclosed. Additional cross machine yarns are interwoven only over a selected distance or distances across the fabric in the cross machine direction. The non-interwoven segments of the additional cross machine direction yarns form surface floats which are subsequently removed by shearing.

Abstract: A dual compartment vacufoil unit for making linerboard grade or other multi-layer paper comprising a dual compartment vacufoil and a forming blade and a method of using same. The dual compartment vacufoil unit is positioned beneath the forming blade, with an upstream compartment located on the upstream portion of the forming blade evacuating air through primary paper sheet prior to application of the secondary discharge, and a downstream compartment located on the downsteam portion of the forming blade. The forming blade is positioned directly beneath the secondary pulp discharge.

Abstract: A papermaker's fabric woven from uniformly precoated, totally encapsulated monofilament yarns is disclosed. The yarns are coated prior to the weaving of the papermaker's fabric in order to impart anti-sticking characteristics to the papermaker's fabric. The coatings may be such that thickness of the machine direction yarns is different than the thickness of the cross-machine direction yarns.

Abstract: A dual layer forming fabric for use in papermaking, cellulose and similar machines having weave floats in the cross machine direction yarns on the machine side of the fabric that are under eleven machine direction yarns. The float bestows extra life potential to the fabric and gives extra protection to the machine direction yarn knuckles on the machine side of the fabric without any detrimental effect on the fine paper making surface of the fabric. The forming fabric of the present invention has a papermaking surface where the machine direction knuckles and the cross machine direction knuckles are close to, or are, coplanar.

Abstract: Disclosed is a papermaker's forming fabric which is produced from yarns including at least two parallel monofilament strands. Such yarns may be utilized exclusively in the cross-machine direction, or they may be utilized in both the machine and cross-machine directions. Such a fabric construction results in reduced knuckles thereby providing a fabric displaying improved sheet-release and reduced wire mark.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring the amount of papermaking stock on a moving fabric in a fourdrinier papermaking machine, including a backscattering mass sensing device and a hydrofoil blade adapted to scrape water from the underside of the fabric and to support the mass sensing device in close proximity to the papermaking belt.

Abstract: A papermaker's felt is formed by needling a compressible batt layer onto one or both sides of a base layer woven fabric. The batt layer is formed from a mixture of at least two types of fibers. A first type is present in much smaller quantities than the remainder and has a melting point at a temperature below the melting point of the remainder. The felt is heated to a temperature between the melting point of the first type of fibers and the remainder, so as to melt the first type such that it bonds the remainder together and to the base fabric. The felt is then formed into an endless belt.

Abstract: Disclosed is a papermakers felt comprising a woven three-layered base fabric construction and a non-woven batting material. The bottom layer of the base fabric is made from coarse yarns with large diameters and the top two layers of fine yarns with smaller diameters. There are fewer yarns in the bottom layer of the base fabric than in either of the top two layers.

Abstract: A method for making a woven dryer fabric having different permeabilities in different sections across its width to control the moisture profile of a web being conveyed through the dryer section of the papermaking machine is disclosed. Additional cross machine yarns are interwoven only over a selected distance or distances across the fabric in the cross machine direction. The non-interwoven segments of the additional cross machine direction yarns form surface floats which are subsequently removed by shearing.

Abstract: An improved papermakers' fabric comprising warp and filling yarns woven in a preselected conventional unbalanced weave pattern modified such that the warp yarn of that pattern alternate with warp woven in accordance with the reverse of that pattern.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the problem which occurs when papermakers' fabrics are woven in a pattern in which the various warp of the pattern require different warp yarn lengths, i.e. unequal sew-up. The invention solves the problem by providing a monoplanar papermakers' fabric formed of warp and weft yarns interwoven in a repeating sequence of first and second adjacent patterns which alternate along the warp. The warp of the second weave pattern have a sequence of numbers of interlacings which is the reverse of the sequence for the first weave pattern so that the total number of interlacings in the combined first and second weave patterns is equal for all warp yarns.

Abstract: A papermakers' fabric, having a repeating pattern of floats on its paper support surface is provided with surface floater yarns interspaced between adjacent yarns to improve sheet support characteristics of the fabric. The floater yarns are characterized by lack of interlacing with yarns transverse thereto. The floater yarns are "trapped" beneath the surface floats and are of a diameter generally less than the diameter of the adjacent yarns.