Abstract: Scaleable bacterial injection, aeration and filtration system to effectively control microbial community function of aquatic systems. The present invention is a substantially simplified system with respect to handling growth and dispersion of microorganisms in solution and is also adaptable to many different end-use applications, including treatment of ornamental fish and aquaculture, pond and streams and sewage treatment systems. Initial microorganism materials are provided in the form of aqueous suspensions, which are incorporated into a large volume of water in a vessel. Microorganisms are entrapped inside a carrier that serves as a physical enclosure for cell retention. It has a porous structure to facilitate the diffusion of substances, such as ammonia, nitrate, nutrients, fuels and organic carbon, into its internal void volume, where substrate reduction is accomplished by entrapped cells.

Abstract: A preactivated chromatography tip having covalent coupling functionality within a hydrodynamically designed micropipette tip assembly. The preactivated micro-channeled element provides high fluid directionality and throughput with minimum backpressure. A fibrous capture element is designed to optimize surface area to volume ratio, chemical resistance, a specific directional flow pattern, low non-specific binding of ligands, small sample volume, speed and low background.