Abstract: A Scalable service-Oriented MiddlewarE over IP (SOME/IP)-based debug system and method are provided. The SOME/IP-based debug system includes: a debug device configured to determine a debug instruction based on an input of a user; and a plurality of vehicle-mounted ECUs, where each of the vehicle-mounted ECUs includes a lower debug service configured to establish an SOME/IP communication connection with the debug device, receive the debug instruction via the SOME/IP communication connection, and execute a corresponding debug action based on the debug instruction. According to the technical solution of the present disclosure, debugging functions of vehicle-mounted ECUs can be implemented.