Abstract: An aircraft structural panel (10) of the skin-stiffener type such as is commonly used in aircraft construction, has a skin (15) supported by uniformly spaced stiffeners or frames (39). Stiffeners (39) are secured to skin (15) and extend outwardly from the associated skin (15). Each stiffener (39) has a horizontal body (38), an inner mounting flange (41), and an outer bowed flange (42). Mounting flange (41) and bowed flange (42) have free edges and respective inturned beads or curls (44, 46) are formed thereon for stiffening of flanges (41) and (42).

Abstract: A horizontal floor or roof structure having a plurality of spaced parallel joists each joist having a vertical web with upper and lower flanges extending from the web. Each flange has a free edge with a tubular bead extending along each free edge and having an elliptical cross-section wherein the minor axis is at least 20% of the major axis. A floor or roof member is supported over said metal joist. A preferred method of forming a horizontal reinforced concrete wall structure for a building includes mounting a wire mesh material over the upper flanges of the joists, and pouring concrete in a flowing condition onto the concrete forms over the mesh material and over the upper flanges of the joists so that curing of the concrete provides a horizontal reinforced composite concrete wall structure.