Abstract: Disclosed are a processor, a processor operation method and an electronic device comprising same. The disclosed processor operation method comprises the steps of: identifying an instruction for instructing the execution of a first operation and address information of an operand corresponding to the instruction; and executing the instruction on the basis of whether or not the address information of the operand satisfies a predetermined condition. In the step of executing the instruction, a second operation configured to the instruction is executed for the operand if the address information of the operand satisfies the predetermined condition, and the first operation is executed for the operand if the address information of the operand does not satisfy the predetermined condition.

Abstract: An interface element connected to a device and a security die-chip are fabricated in a single package. The security die-chip may provide a security authentication function to the interface element that does not have the security authentication function. The security die-chip may include a physically unclonable function (PUF) to provide a private key, and a hardware security module to perform encryption and decryption using the private key.

Abstract: Provided is a PUF by which an identification key is generated according to a random event caused by a semiconductor process variation. The PUF can provide the identification key as a result of electrical differences among elements. According to one embodiment, the PUF can accumulate the electrical differences and/or instantaneous values without generating the identification key by using the instantaneous values caused by the electrical differences. The accumulation may be the accumulation of a discrete iteration and the result thereof. However, according to another embodiment, the accumulation may be a continuation of the accumulation result during time intervals.

Abstract: Disclosed are a user terminal and authentication execution device for performing pseudonym 2-factor authentication, and an operating method therefor. The disclosed operating method of the authentication execution device includes receiving a first inborn ID, private key signature information, and a certificate issued by an authentication system from a user terminal, obtaining a second inborn ID and a public key of the user terminal included in the certificate by decrypting the certificate using a public key of the authentication system, performing primary authentication of a user of the user terminal by checking whether the first inborn ID and the second inborn ID match each other, and when the primary authentication is completed, performing secondary authentication of the user by verifying private key signature information with the public key.

Abstract: An electronic device which generates and authenticates identification information of a hardware device and an operation method thereof are disclosed. The operation method of the disclosed electronic device includes determining identification information used for authentication of a hardware device using a public key of the hardware device generated from a private key of the hardware device, and managing the identification information.

Abstract: Provided is an information processing apparatus including a physical unclonable function (PUF) to generate a unique key using a process variation in a semiconductor manufacturing process, and an encryption unit to encrypt a password and/or bio-information received from a user using the unique key.

Abstract: Disclosed are a processor, a processor operation method and an electronic device comprising same. The disclosed processor operation method comprises the steps of: identifying an instruction for instructing the execution of a first operation and address information of an operand corresponding to the instruction; and executing the instruction on the basis of whether or not the address information of the operand satisfies a predetermined condition. In the step of executing the instruction, a second operation configured to the instruction is executed for the operand if the address information of the operand satisfies the predetermined condition, and the first operation is executed for the operand if the address information of the operand does not satisfy the predetermined condition.

Abstract: Provided is a PUF by which an identification key is generated according to a random event caused by a semiconductor process variation. The PUF can provide the identification key as a result of electrical differences among elements. According to one embodiment, the PUF can accumulate the electrical differences and/or instantaneous values without generating the identification key by using the instantaneous values caused by the electrical differences. The accumulation may be the accumulation of a discrete iteration and the result thereof. However, according to another embodiment, the accumulation may be a continuation of the accumulation result during time intervals.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for generating an identification key with improved reliability by: providing a plurality of resistances which are generated according to a random connection state between conductive layers of a semiconductor due to process variation of the semiconductor; discriminating a first group which has a resistance value greater than a first threshold value and less than a second threshold value among the plurality of resistances; and reading at least one resistance which does not belong to the first group out of the plurality of resistances and reading an identification key in the form of a digital value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of generating a physical unclonable function (PUF) by causing unpredictable partial process failure for a semiconductor process. In a designing process, a second mask pattern may be printed by distorting a size and/or shape of at least one mask window included in a designed first mask pattern, without violating semiconductor design rules. A PUF may be generated using a photomask including the printed second mask pattern for photolithography.

Abstract: An interface element connected to a device and a security die-chip are fabricated in a single package. The security die-chip may provide a security authentication function to the interface element that does not have the security authentication function. The security die-chip may include a physically unclonable function (PUF) to provide a private key, and a hardware security module to perform encryption and decryption using the private key.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for testing randomness of a digital value and processing the digital value. The digital value may include first bit sequences generated by a physically unclonable function (PUF). A grouping unit may generate a plurality of groups by segmenting the first bit sequence, and a processing unit may calculate a second bit sequence from the plurality of groups by performing a logical operation.

Abstract: Provided is an information processing apparatus including a physical unclonable function (PUF) to generate a unique key using a process variation in a semiconductor manufacturing process, and an encryption unit to encrypt a password and/or bio-information received from a user using the unique key.

Abstract: Provided are a security apparatus and an operation method thereof. The security apparatus comprises a core circuit which performs a security function by using an authentication key such as a secret key provided by a physically unclonable function (PUF). The security apparatus may receive event information indicating that the security apparatus is in a security-vulnerable state such as a case where the security apparatus is stolen or lost. In such case, a power management circuit can apply at least one electrical shock of overvoltage and overcurrent to the security apparatus to cause physical damage to the security apparatus, so that the core circuit does not perform the security function normally.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating an identification key by a probabilistic determination of a short occurring between nodes constituting a circuit, by violating a design rule provided during a semiconductor manufacturing process. The identification key generating apparatus may include an identification key generator to generate an identification key based on whether a contact or a via used to electrically connect conductive layers in a semiconductor chip shorts the conductive layers, and an identification key reader to read the identification key by reading whether the contact or the via shorts the conductive layers.

Abstract: A vehicle security network design device may comprise: a level assigning unit for assigning an automobile safety integrity level (ASIL) which provides a risk management standard for each of a plurality of functional elements in a vehicle that is at least temporarily implemented by a processor; a calculation unit for calculating device's controllability with respect to each of the plurality of functional elements on the basis of a connection structure between the plurality of functional elements and a difference value of the ASIL; and a management unit for generating a risk analysis model of a plurality of functional elements.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating an identification key by a probabilistic determination of a short occurring between nodes constituting a circuit, by violating a design rule provided during a semiconductor manufacturing process. The identification key generating apparatus may include an identification key generator to generate an identification key based on whether a contact or a via used to electrically connect conductive layers in a semiconductor chip shorts the conductive layers, and an identification key reader to read the identification key by reading whether the contact or the via shorts the conductive layers.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating digital values to provide a random digital value. The apparatus may generate the digital value based on a semiconductor process variation. The apparatus may include a generating unit to generate a plurality of digital values, based on the semiconductor process variation, and a processing unit to process the digital values and to provide a first digital value. The generating unit may include a plurality of physically unclonable functions (PUFs). A parameter may be differently applied to the PUFs, and the PUFs may generate the digital values.

Abstract: Provided is a device for generating an identification key using a process variation during a manufacturing process of a conductive layer. The device for generating an identification key may include a plurality of conductive layers designed so as to be formed in a first region within a semiconductor chip, the density in which the plurality of conductive layers are disposed in the first region being at least a first threshold value and not more than a second threshold value, the first and second threshold values being less than a minimum density according to the design rules for ensuring that all of the plurality of conductive layers are formed in the first region; and a reader which provides an identification key by identifying if, among the plurality of conductive layers, a previously designated first conductive layer has been formed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an authentication apparatus using a public key encryption algorithm. An apparatus according to an embodiment generates a first instant public key through a random number generation process in response to an electronic signature generation request corresponding to a message. Further, the apparatus calculates and uses a first instant private key making a pair with the first instant public key, using the first instant public key.