Abstract: New and useful aromatic polyethers, which are high in glass transition temperatures, possess excellent mechanical properties, thermal resistance, solvent resistance, and generate fluorescence, are described. Also described are fluorescent resin compositions containing the aromatic polyethers. Processes for preparing the aromatic polyethers and the fluorescent resin compositions are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carrier of a two component developer for developing electrostatic latent images comprising;a carrier core material comprising a magnetic particle,an irregular surface-coating layer formed by coating the carrier core material with polyolefinic resin, followed by heat treatment.

Abstract: Styrene homo-or-co- polymers, the stereoregularity of which is mainly syndiotactic are disclosed, having repeating unit or two or more different repeating units defined by a general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R may be the same or different. And a method of preparation of syndiotactic copolymers wherein there are two different repeating units represented by formula (I); wherein the polymerization is carried out with a catalyst comprising (a) a titanium compound and (b) a contact product of a organoaluminum compound and a condensing agent such as water.

Abstract: A process for producing a triazine derivative of the formula (III), ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, n is an integer of O to 2, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl group, and X is a halogen atom,which comprises reacting a biguanide derivative of the formula, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and n are as defined in the formula (III), and X' is a halogen atom,with a halocarboxylic acid ester of the formula, ##STR3## wherein R.sup.2 and X are as defined in the formula (III), and R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group,in the presence of a base, wherein a dehydrating agent is present in the reaction system, and processes for producing 2-fluoroisobutyric acid ester as an intermediate compound for the production of the triazine derivative.

Abstract: An deviation E between a setting value SV and an actual phase value PV in a controller is integrated, and the resulting integrated value S is compared with a predetermined threshold D for detecting a malfunction. Checking a change in setting value SV, checking an increase or a decrease in deviation E and comparison with the absolute value .vertline.E.times.S.vertline. are made to ensure stability against fluctuations and rapid detection of a malfunction.

Abstract: The catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas has at least gailium and a zeolite and an exhaust gas purifying method using the catalyst. Nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are reduced and eliminated by the catalyst in an oxidative atmosphere at a reaction temperature of 200.degree. to 800.degree. C. and under the presence of a hydrocarbon at the total THC concentration/NO.sub.x concentration of from 0.5 to 50.

Abstract: An efficient microbiological or biochemical method is proposed for the preparation of an optically active 2-substituted carboxylic acid, e.g., 2-chloropropionic acid, 2-methyl butyric acid and the like, from the corresponding 2-substituted nitrile compound, e.g., 2-chloropropionitrile, 2-methyl butyronitrile and the like, in the form of a racemic body as the starting material The method comprises bringing the starting nitrile compound into contact with a microorganism, such as Pseudomonas sp. MY-1 (FERM BP-2541), Fusarium sp. MY-2 (FERM BP-2542) and the like, capable of converting the nitrile compound into the carboxylic acid in a buffered aqueous medium in which the microbial cells of the microorganism are suspended.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions comprising as active ingredient a triazine derivative represented by general formula [I]: ##STR1## and suIfonylurea type herbicides represented by general formula [II]: ##STR2## By synergistic effects of active ingredients, the herbicidal compositions show a high herbicidal effect at low dosage and have such a wide range of herbicidal spectrum that the compositions exhibit their high herbicidal effect not only against broad-leaved weeds but also against Gramineae weeds, etc. The compositions have flexibility of treatment to exhibit effectiveness as compared to known herbicides for field crops and crops are free from injury.

Abstract: A finely divided metal-containing compound can be efficiently prepared by irradiating a mixed vapor phase of an organometallic compound in a concentration to exceed a specified lower limit and a reactant gaseous compound with laser beams having an incident energy density to exceed a specified lower limit. When the reactant gaseous compound in the vapor phase is an oxygen-containing compound, e.g., air, the resultant powdery product is an oxide of the metallic element of the organometallic compound. When the reactant gaseous compound in the vapor phase is a halogen-containing compound, e.g., methyl halides, the resultant powdery product is a halide of the metallic element of the organometallic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flame-retardant resin composition having halogen content of 2 to 40% by weight basing on the amount of said composition, which comprises(a) 100 parts by weight of a styrene-based polymer having mainly syndiotactic configuration, or a mixture of 99 to 50% by weight of said styrene-based polymer and 1 to 50% by weight of a thermoplastic resin (exclusive of tetrafluoroethylene-based polymer) and/or rubber;(b) 3 to 40 parts by weight of a flame retardant selected from the group consisting of halogenated polystyrenes and halogenated polyphenylene oxides and(c) 1 to 15 parts by weight of an auxiliary flame retardant, as main components.In addition, the present invention contains the above components (a), (b) and (c) as main components, and further contains(d) 0.003 to 10 parts by weight of tetrafluoroethylene-based polymer and/or(e) 1 to 300 parts by weight of an inorganic filler.

Abstract: An organosilica sol having an increased pH is obtained by treating an organosilica sol having pH in an acidic region with an alkali. The organosilica sol is useful as a surface treating agent since it has not only penetrativity into members such as concrete, etc., but also waterproofness and water vapor permeability, and since it causes no deterioration on members such as concrete, etc.

Abstract: A 2-fluoroisobutyric acid ester can be obtained at a high yield in one pot by reacting a 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid ester with fluorosulfuric acid in the absence or presence of a hydrogen fluoride source, or by reacting a 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid ester with chlorosulfuric acid in the presence of a hydrogen fluoride source.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions comprising as active ingredients a triazine derivative represented by general formula [I]: ##STR1## and phenoxy type herbicides represented by general formula [II]: ##STR2## and herbicidal compositions comprising as active ingredients a triazine derivative represented by general formula [I]: ##STR3## phenoxy type herbicides represented by general formula [II]: ##STR4## and urea type herbicides represented by general formula [III]: ##STR5## By synergistic effects of the active ingredients, the herbicidal compositions show a high herbicidal effect at low dosage and have such a wide range of herbicidal spectrum that the compositions exhibit their high herbicidal effect not only against broad-leaved weeds but also against Gramineae weeds, etc. The compositions have flexibility of treatment to exhibit effectiveness as compared to known herbicides for field crops and are free from injury.

Abstract: The present invention provides fine particles comprising core particles and polyolefinic resin layers for composing an electrostatic latent image developer, characterized in that the polyolefinic resin layers are formed by polymerizing olefinic monomers on surfaces of the core particles.

Abstract: A process for the production of a molded article having positive temperature coefficient characteristics from a resin composition containing a crystalline resin, electrically conductive particles and an organic peroxide. A molded article having excellent PTC characteristics over that of a conventional molded article can be obtained by a process which includes mixing the crystalline resin and the electrically conductive particles to obtain a mixture; crosslinking the crystalline resin with the organic peroxide by kneading the mixture under a shear force; and simultaneously or successively molding the resultant kneaded mixture.

Abstract: Optically active substances are prepared by the asymmetric hydrolysis of ##STR1## with specific microorganisms.

Abstract: New and useful aromatic polyethers, which are high in glass transition temperatures, possess excellent mechanical properties, thermal resistance, solvent resistance, and generate fluorescence, are described. Also described are fluorescent resin compositions containing the aromatic polyethers. Processes for preparing the aromatic polyethers and the fluorescent resin compositions are also described.

Abstract: A catalyst for reforming a hydrocarbon with steam has a platinum group metal deposited on a carrier having a volume of pores with pore sizes of 500 Angstroms or smaller being 0.15 ml per gram or greater, a volume of pores having pore sizes of more than 500 Angstroms being 0.14 ml per gram or smaller, and an average pore size being 90 Angstroms or greater. The platinum group metal specifically includes rhodium and ruthenium, and the carrier preferably includes zirconia and stabilized zirconia. As a promoter component, at least one metal of cobalt and manganese is used. The catalyst is high in catalytic activity and long in catalytic life.

Abstract: A process for producing a liquefied coal oil by a two step hydrogenation reaction of coal, which comprises subjecting coal to a first hydrogenation and subjecting at least a part of the reaction product of the first hydrogenation to a second hydrogenation, wherein the second hydrogenation is conducted in the presence of an alkali metal compound and/or an alkaline earth metal compound and a catalyst carrying a metal of Group VI-A and a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: A polyetheric copolymer, a polyetheric block copolymer, and compositions of these copolymers containing:a benzonitrile recurring unit as represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## and a benzophenone recurring unit as represented by the following general formula (II): ##STR2## which copolymer has a molar ratio of the recurring unit (I) to a sum of the recurring units (I) and (II), i.e., (I)/[(I)+(II)], in the range from 0.15:1 to 0.40:1, as well as a melt viscosity (zero shear viscosity) at 400.degree. C. in the range from 500 to 100,000 poise.The polyetheric copolymer is crystalline and is a macromolecular compound having excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength.Disclosed herein are methods for the preparation of the polyetheric copolymer, the polyetheric block copolymer and the compositions containing the same.The polyetheric copolymers, the polyetheric block copolymers and their compositions are useful in various fields.